Unit 1 Learning for Life A部分-2025-2026学年高中英语易错词汇精讲选择性必修第一册（沪外版）

高中沪外版选择性必修第一册 寒假专版 B版易错词汇精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·沪外版·选择性必修第一册Unit1 Learning for Life A部分 单元词汇总览 frequently/'fikw3ntli/adv.频繁验；试验（为探索未知、获取新stream/stri:m/n.小河；溪流 地：经常 知识的尝试) 口twine /twar/n.(两股或多股 recite/r'sat/v.(尤指对听众)gas/ges/n.气体（如氢、氧）：气的)线、绳：合股线、麻绳 背诵、朗诵（已熟记的诗、文等）体燃料（如天然气，用于取暖、烹wire/waIa(r)/n.金属丝：金属线： trial/'tral/n.令人痛苦的经历、饪) 一段金属丝（或线) 考验：（法院的）审讯、审理、审口compound/kompaond/n.化口uruy/n'ui/adj.难以控制 判 合物（两种或以上元素按比例结（或管理）的：难以驾驭的 educator/'ed3 ukerta(r)/n.(正式)合)：复合物（多种事物组合）口donkey/'dwki/n.驴（腿短耳 教育工作者：教师 口practically/'praektrkli/adv.实长、用于驮重物的动物) 口Polish/pal/ad.波兰的：波事求是地：几乎；很接近 口bush /bi5/n.灌木（根部生出 兰人的：波兰语的 experimental/k,sperI'mentl/adj.多根硬茎的植物) poetry/'pavatri/n.诗集：诗歌；科学实验的；以实验（或试验）为口unseat/,n'sit/v.使落马（或 诗作 基础的、实验性的 自行车)：解除某人的权力职位 compose /kam'pauz/v.撰写（信somehow/smha/adv.由于某embarrass/m'br3s/v.使（尤指 函、讲稿、诗等，常含构思)：（正种未知原因：不知为什么：不知在社交场合）尴尬、使难堪 式)组成、构成（一个整体） 怎么地 dignity/'dignati/n.自尊：庄严； ☐prose/praoz/n.散文 口nickname/'niknerm/v.给…尊严（值得尊重的庄重态度） 口patriotic/,pertri'otk/adj.爱国起绰号（非正式、常带幽默）；n.suffer/'sAfa()/v.遭受、蒙受（痛 的 绰号、外号 苦、损失等) acquire /a'kwaia(r)/v.(通过努Dherd-boy/'h3:dbo/n.牧童（照口fate /feit/n.命中注定的事（尤 力、能力、行为表现)获得、得看牲畜的男孩) 指坏事)：命运 到 口calf /ka:f/n.小牛；（人的）小defeat/d'fi:t/v.击败、战胜（比 willingly/'wilmli/adv.乐意地：自腿肚 赛、战争中的对手)：n.失败、战 愿地 口slingshot/'slmfot/n.弹弓（儿败 poet/'pauit/.n.诗人 童用于弹射石子的工具) opponent/A'paunant/n.对手、竞 aid/eId/v.(正式)帮助、援助；gather/geia)/v.采集（植物、争者（比赛、争论中的对方） n.援助：（困境中的）救援物资、水果等) 口dishonour/ds'pna)/V.(正 援助款项 honey /'hAni/n.蜂蜜（蜜蜂产出式）使丢脸、使蒙受耻辱；n.耻 experiment /ik'sperimant/n. 的甜腻黄色物质) 辱、丢脸 易错词汇精讲 高中沪外版选择性必修第一册 寒假专版 1.trial/'trarel/n.令人痛苦的经历、考验；（法院的）审讯、审理、审判 ·易错点：易混淆“考验”与“尝试”的含义，误用为“尝试”时应使用attempt:作“审判”讲 时，易与动词y(尝试)混淆词性。 ·精讲：表示“考验”时，搭配stand the trial(经受考验)：表示“审判”时，常用搭配on trial (在受审中)。 ·例句：After years of hard work,she finally passed the trial of life. 2.acquire /a'kwara()/v.(通过努力、能力、行为表现)获得、得到 ·易错点：易与get/receive混淆，acquire强调“通过持续努力获得知识、技能等”，而非偶然得 到：易误写为aquire(漏写c)。 ·精讲：固定搭配acquire knowledge/skills(获取知识/技能)，比get更正式，常用于学术语境。 ·例句：We should acquire practical skills through daily practice.. 3.compose /kam'pawz/v.撰写（信函、讲稿、诗等，常含构思）：（正式）组成、构成（一个整体） ·易错点：作“组成”讲时，易与consist of混淆，compose常用被动语态be composed of,而 consist of无被动。 ·精讲：(I)撰写：compose a poem(写诗)；(2)组成：Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen. ·例句：The committee is composed of five experts from different fields.. 4.experiment/k'sperimant/.n.实验：试验 ·易错点：易混淆名词experiment与动词experiment(vi.做实验，搭配experiment on sth..)；发 音易误读为/eks'perimant/.(重音位置错误)。 ·精讲：名词短语do an experiment(做实验)；动词用法：Scientists experiment on mice in the lab, ·例句：Our chemistry teacher asked us to do an experiment on gas properties. 5.compound/'kpmpaond/n.化合物；复合物 ·易错点：词性和发音易混淆，作名词“化合物”时重音在第一音节/'kpmpaond山，作动词“混 合”时重音在第二音节kam'pand;易误写为compund(漏写o)。 ·精讲：化学术语中，指“两种或以上元素结合的物质”，如salt is a compound of sodium and chlorine. ·例句：Water is a common compound in our daily life. 6.somehow/'smha/adv.由于某种未知原因；不知怎么地 ·易错点：易误用为someway(非标准用词)：位置易错误置于句首，通常用于句中或句末表示 “设法、以某种方式”时易混淆。 ·精讲：强调“方式未知或不明确”，如He somehow passed the exam without studying. 高中沪外版选择性必修第一册 寒假专版 ·例句：She somehow managed to finish the task before the deadline. 7.gather/'gae(r)/v.采集；聚集 ·易错点：易与collect混淆，gather强调“将分散的人或物聚集到一起”，collect侧重“有目的、 系统性地收集”；易误写为gathar(字母顺序错误)。 ·精讲：gather flowers(采花)：gather around(围拢)；collect stamps(集邮)。 ·例句：The children gathered under the tree to listen to the story. 8.defeat/d'fi:t/v.击败；n.失败 ·易错点：易混淆动词“击败”与名词“失败”的含义，如误将“Our team suffered a defeat'”理 解为“我们队击败了对手”；作动词时易误加介词，如defeat against（多余against)。 ·精讲：(I)动词：defeat the opponent(击败对手)：(2)名词：accept defeat(接受失败)。 ·例句：The army defeated the enemy in the final battle 9.opponent/为'paunant/n.对手；竞争者 ·易错点：易误写为opponant(多写a);易与competitor混淆，opponent更强调“对抗性的对 手”（如比赛、辩论中的对方），competitor侧重“竞争关系”。 ·精讲：常用搭配beat the opponent(击败对手)，指具体比赛或争论中的另一方。 ·例句：He will face his strongest opponent in the final round, 10.dignity/'dignati/n.自尊；尊严 ·易错点：不可数名词，易误加复数形式dignities;易与proud(adj.骄傲的)混淆词性，dignity 指“内在的庄重与自尊”。 ·精讲：固定搭配lose one's dignity(失去尊严)：with dignity(有尊严地)。 ·例句：No one should be deprived of their basic dignity. 11.suffer/'sfa()/v.遭受：蒙受 ·易错点：固定搭配易错误，suffer作“遭受（痛苦、损失）”时为及物动词，直接加宾语，如 suffer pain;作“忍受”时需加from,如suffer from illness（易漏写from)。 ·精讲：(I)及物：suffer a loss(遭受损失)；(2)不及物：suffer from cold(患感冒)。 ·例句：Many people suffered from hunger during the war.. 12.embarrass/m'baeras/v.使尴尬 ·易错点：易误写为embarass(字母r位置错误，正确为r):易与ashamed(adj.感到羞耻的) 混淆，embarrass强调“使他人难堪”，ashamed强调“自身感受”。 ·精讲：常用搭配embarrass sb.in public(当众使某人尴尬)。 高中沪外版选择性必修第一册 寒假专版 ·例句：His sudden question embarrassed me a lot in the meeting. 13.wire/waIa)/n.金属丝；电线 ·易错点：易与string(线、绳)混淆，wire特指“金属丝”，string指“纤维或塑料绳”；易误写 为wier(字母顺序错误)。 ·精讲：电学语境中常用，如electric wire(电线)：日常指“细金属线”。 ·例句：Be careful!The wire on the ground is broken. 14.fate/fet/n.命运：命中注定的事（尤指坏事） ·易错点：易与destiny混淆，fate强调“不可改变的、不幸的命运”，destiny侧重“未来的美好 结局或使命”；易误写为fat(词义混淆)。 ·精讲：含消极色彩，如accept one's fate(接受命运)。 ·例句：He believed that his failure was caused by bad fate. 易错词汇综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.The suspect is_trial for stealing valuable paintings from the museum. ●A.in ●B.on ●C.at 。D.for 2.To_advanced technology,the company sent its engineers to study abroad for two years. ·A.get ●B.receive 。C.acquire ·D.accept 3.The United Nationsof 193 member states,each with equal rights. ●A.composes 高中沪外版选择性必修第一册 寒假专版 ·B.is composed ●C.consists ●D.is consisted 4.Professor Wang spent three months_on a new drug to treat diabetes. ●A.experimenting ·B.doing experiment ·C.experiment ·D.to experiment 5.Water,a common_is made up of hydrogen and oxygen atoms. ●A.mixture ·B.compound 。C.element 。D.substance 6.She-finished the marathon despite her injured ankle-no one knew how she did it. ●A.someway ●B.somehow ·C.anyhow ●D.somewhat 7.The villagersunder the old tree every evening to share stories about their daily life. ●A.gather ●B.collect ·C.assemble ●D.accumulate 8.After suffering ain the final match,the team decided to train harder for the next season 高中沪外版选择性必修第一册 寒假专版 ·A.beat ●B.win 。C.defeat ·D.loss 9.In the debate competition,our team will face a strong from No.1 High School. ·A.competitor ●B.opponent ●C.partner 。D.colleague 10.Even when facing difficulties,we should maintain ourand never give up easily. ·A.proud 。B.pride 。C.dignity ·D.dignitys 2.二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The scientist devoted his life to()on renewable energy sources. 2.The chemical_(formed by carbon and oxygen is called carbon dioxide. 3.She tried to hide her mistake,but it only(her further in front of the class 4.According to the report,over 500 people()from the heavy flood last month. 5.The broken(on the street was repaired by the workers this morning. 6.Many people believe that hard work,not(),determines one's future success. 3.三、首字母填空 1.It is important to abasic skills through constant practice rather than just memorization. 2.The committee,c_of teachers and parents,will discuss the new school rules next week. 3.After the storm,the children g fallen leaves in the yard to make a bonfire. 高中沪外版选择性必修第一册 寒假专版 4.The experiment failed,but the team refused to accept dand planned to try again. 5.The patient s from a serious illness for years,but she never lost hope. 4.四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The research team needs more time to(experiment)with different materials. 2.His carelessness_(compound)the problem,making it harder to solve. 3.The novel,_(compose)by a famous writer,has been translated into 20 languages. 4.She managed_(gather)enough evidence to prove her innocence in court. 5.The young athlete showed great courage in the face of(defeat) 5.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1B2.C3B4.A5B6B7.A8.C9.B10.C ·二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.experimenting 2.compound 3.embarrassed 4.suffered 5.wire 6.fate ·三、首字母填空 1.acquire 2.composed 3.gathered 4.defeat 5.suffered ·四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.experiment 2.compounded 3.composed 4.to gather 5.defeat