Unit 4 Disaster Survival A部分-2025-2026学年高中英语易错词汇精讲选择性必修第二册（沪外版）

高中选择性必修第二册沪外版 寒假专版 B版易错词汇精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·沪外版·选择性必修第二册Unit4 Disaster Survival A部分 单元词汇总览 boundary/baondri/n.边界；分specialist/'spefalrst//n.专家 dentist/'dent虹st/n.牙科医生 界线 infectious/m'fek∫s/adj.传染性specialize/'spe∫laIz/v.专门研究 statistic/sta'tstk/n.（一项)统 的 (或从事)，专攻 计数据 clinic/'klnk/n.诊所；门诊部 gee/d3in/n.基因▣ assist/A'sIst/V.协助；帮助 disinfect/.dsn'fekt/V.为…消genome/'d3 i:neum/n.基因组，染 tackle'tkl/v.处理，对付（难毒：给…杀菌 色体组口 题) outbreak/'autbrerk/n.爆发，突cell/sel/n.细胞 ital/'vatl/adj.极其重要的 然发生 being/'bi:/n.生物：存在：身 tragic/'tred3k/ad.悲惨的，不surgeon/'s3:d3an/n.外科医生 心 幸的 physician /fr'zn/n.医师，内科lifespan/'laifspaen/n.寿命，有效 Ebola /i'b3l3/n.埃博拉病毒 医生 期口 易错词汇精讲 1.statistic/sta'trstrk/n.(一项)统计数据 ·易错点：易混淆单复数含义，statistic指“一项统计数据”，statistics指“统计学”或“多组统 计数据”。 ·精讲：单数形式强调个体数据，复数形式可表学科或数据集合。 ·例句：The statistic shows a 10%increase in sales.(这项统计数据显示销售额增长了l0%。) ·真题链接：：（沪外版高中选择性必修二同步练习）：According to the the population of this city has doubled in ten years.(答案：statistics) 2.assist/3'sIst/v.协助；帮助 ·易错点：易漏用介词with,固定搭配为assist sb.with sth.或assist sb.in doing sth.,不可直接 接宾语。 ·精讲：强调“辅助性帮助”，比hep更正式，后接人时需搭配介词。 ·例句：She assisted the doctor with the operation.(她协助医生进行手术。) ·真题链接：We are ready to assist you solving this problem.(答案：in) 3.tackle/'tak/v.处理，对付（难题） ·易错点：易误接介词for,正确搭配为tackle sth.或tackle with sth.(较少见)，通常直接接宾语。 高中选择性必修第二册沪外版 寒假专版 ·精讲：侧重“主动应对难题”，宾语多为problem,task等抽象名词。 ·例句：We need to tackle the environmental issues immediately.(我们需要立即处理环境间题。) ·真题链接：It's time to tackle the root cause the crisis..(答案：of) 4.specialist/'spe∫alst/n.专家 ·易错点：易混淆与special的词性，specialist为名词，special为形容词；易误写为specalist(漏 写i)。 ·精讲：后常接介词i,表示“某领域专家”。 ·例句：He is a specialist in infectious diseases..(他是传染病专家。) ·真题链接：You'd better consult a heart about your condition.(答案：specialist) 5.specialize/'spefalaIz/v.专门研究（或从事)，专攻 ·易错点：易漏写字母i,误写为specialze;固定搭配为specialize in sth.,不可接不定式。 ·精讲：与specialist同根，强调“专注于某领域”。 ·例句：She specializes in genetic research.（她专攻基因研究。) ·真题链接：This hospital specializes treating rare diseases..(答案：in) 6.cell/sel/n.细胞 ·易错点：易混淆含义，作“细胞”时为可数名词，作“电池”时也可用，易与baty混淆。 ·精讲：生物学术语中特指“细胞”，日常语境可指“电池”或“小房间”。 ·例句：Human bodies are made up of billions of cells.（人体由数十亿个细胞组成。) ·真题链接：The doctor examined the blood under the microscope..(答案：cells) 7.being/'bi山/n.生物：存在：身心 ·易错点：易混淆“生物”与“存在”含义，作“生物”时可数，作“存在”时不可数；易误写 为been(be的过去分词)。 ·精讲：human being为固定搭配，指“人类”，单复数同形。 ·例句：Every living being has the right to survive.(每个生物都有生存权。) ·真题链接：The study focuses on the of life on Mars.(答案：being) 8.lifespan/'larfspaen/n.寿命，有效期 ·易错点：易误写为life span(错误拆分)，该词为合成词，需连写。 ·精讲：由life(生命)+span(跨度)构成，类似合成词有lifetime。 ·例句：The average lifespan of this species is20 years.(该物种的平均寿命为20年。) 高中选择性必修第二册沪外版 寒假专版 ·真题链接：The new material can extend the of the product by5 years..(答案：lifespan) 9.genome/'d3 i:nsom/n.基因组，染色体组 ·易错点：易误读为/d3I'naom/,重音应在第一音节；易与gene混淆，genome指“全部基因”。 ·精讲：生物学专用名词，强调“完整的基因序列”。 ·例句：Scientists have mapped the human genome..(科学家已绘制出人类基因组图谱。) ·真题链接：The research team is studying the of the virus to find a cure.(答案：genome) 10.outbreak/'autbreik/n.爆发，突然发生 ·易错点：易误接动词take,正确搭配为an outbreak of sth.(疾病、战争等的爆发)。 ·精讲：特指“疾病、暴力等的突然爆发”，后常接of。 ·例句：The outbreak of Ebola occurred in2014.(埃博拉病毒于2014年爆发。) ·真题链接：The government took measures to control the of the disease.(答案：out break) 11.physician/fi'z/n.医师，内科医生 ·易错点：易与surgeon(外科医生)混淆，physician侧重“内科治疗”，surgeon侧重“手术”。 ·精讲：美式英语中可泛指“医生”，比doctor更正式。 ·例句：You should consult a physician for your cough.(你咳嗽应该去看内科医生。) ·真题链接：The prescribed some medicine for his illness,while the surgeon suggested an operation.(答案：physician) 12.infectious./m'feks/adj.传染性的 ·易错点：易与contagious混淆，infectious强调“通过病原体传播”，contagious强调“接触传 播”，但可通用。 ·精讲：常修饰disease,vius等名词。 ·例句：Ebola is a highly infectious virus.(埃博拉是一种传染性极强的病毒。) ·真题链接：This disease is and can spread through the air.(答案：infectious) 13.boundary/baundri/n.边界：分界线 ·易错点：易误写为boundry(字母顺序错误)，正确拼写为boundary ·精讲：指“地理或抽象的界限”，复数形式为boundaries。. ·例句：The river forms a natural boundary between the two countries.(这条河构成了两国的天然 边界。) 高中选择性必修第二册沪外版 寒假专版 ·真题链接：We must respect the of personal space.(答案：boundary) 14.ital/vatl/adj.极其重要的 ·易错点：易误接介词for,正确搭配为be vital to sth.或be vital for sb.to do sth.,表示“对… 至关重要”。 ·精讲：语气比important更强，强调“不可或缺性”。 ·例句：Fresh water is vital to human survival..(淡水对人类生存至关重要。) ·真题链接：It is vital us to protect the environment.(答案：for) 易错词汇综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.According to the the number of students in our school has increased by 15%. ●A.statistic ●B.statistics 。C.statistical ●D.statistician 2.The nurse assisted the doctor the patient's wound. 。A.with ●B.in ●C.at 。D.for 3.The government plans to tackle the problem air pollution next month ·A.for 。B.of ●C.with ●D.in 高中选择性必修第二册沪外版 寒假专版 4.My uncle is a in computer science and works at a famous tech company. 。A.special 。B.specialist ·C.specially ●D.specializing 5.This research center in developing new energy technologies. ·A.specializes ·B.special ·C.specialist ·D.specializing 6.The of the human body are too small to be seen with the naked eye. ●A.cells ·B.cell ●C.batteries ●D.battery 7.A team of scientists is studying the of life in extreme environments. ·A.been ·B.being ●C.be ·D.tobe 8.The average of people in this country has increased by 5 years in the past decade. ●A.lifespan ·B.life span 高中选择性必修第二册沪外版 寒假专版 。C.life-span ●D.lifespans 9.The of the virus was mapped by researchers last year. ●A.gene ●B.genome ·C.genetic ·D.genetics 10.The sudden of flu in winter requires everyone to wear masks. ·A.break ●B.outbreak ●C.outburst ●D.outcome 2.二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.You should consult a heart (专家)about your chest pain. 2.This university (in medical research and has a top hospital. 3.The (between the two villages is marked by an old stone wall. 4.Fresh air and clean water are (极其重要的)to our health, 5.The doctor explained that the disease is highly (传染性的)and advised isolation 6.The (统计数据)show that more students are choosing online courses now. 3.三、首字母填空 1.Thes in infectious diseases will give a lecture on virus prevention tomorrow. 2.It's importanttot the root cause of the problem instead of just dealing with the symptoms. 3.The company's success is based on accurate s analysis of market trends. 4.She a her mother with cooking dinner every weekend. 5.The new drug is designed to extend the 1 of patients with this rare illness. 4.四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 高中选择性必修第二册沪外版 寒假专版 1.The hospital has a team of doctors who specialize in (treat)cancer patients. 2.According to the (statistic),over 60%of students prefer learning English through movies. 3.The (special)warned that the disease could spread quickly without proper control. 4.It is vital (protect)the environment for future generations. 5.The research focuses on the (genome)structure of the new virus. 5.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1B2.A3B4.B5.A6.A7B8.A9B10B ·二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.specialist 2.specializes 3.boundary 4.vital 5.infectious 6.statistics ·三、首字母填空 1.specialist 2.tackle 3.statistics 4.assists 5.lifespan ·四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.treating 2.statistics 3.specialist 4.to protect 5.genome