Unit 3 Food and ethics 一-2025-2026学年高中英语易错词汇精讲选择性必修第四册（沪教版）

高中选择性必修第四册沪教版 单元专版 B版易错词汇精讲 【单元专版】 高中·沪教版·选择性必修第四册Unit3 Food and ethics一 单元词汇总览 frog /frpg/n.蛙：青蛙 statistic/ste'tistik/n.统计数字；association/,sausi'ern/n.联想： strait/streit/n.海峡 统计资料 联系；联合；合伙：关联；交往 meanwhile/'mi:nwarl//adv.同时；predator/'predota()/n.捕食者；species/'spii:z/n.(pl.species) 与此同时 捕食性动物 物种：种 float /fleut/v.浮动；漂流；飘动；collapse /ka'leps/n.(机构、生prohibit /pra'hbt/V.（尤指以法 飘移 意等的)突然失败，倒闭，崩溃：令)禁止 butcher/'bta(r/v.屠宰；宰杀v.(突然)倒塌，坍塌 monstrous/monstras/adj..丑恶 distressing/d'stresn)/adj.使人recreation/,rekri'en/n.娱乐：消的：骇人的 痛苦的：令人苦恼的 遣：娱乐活动：游戏 易错词汇精讲 1.mean /mi:n/v.意思是；意味着；打算：adj.吝啬的：刻薄的 ·易错点：易混淆多词性含义，作动词表示“意味着”时易漏用-ing形式(mean doing),作“打 算”时易误用不定式(mean to do)。 ·精讲：mean doing sth.表示“意味着做某事”，mean to do sth.表示“打算做某事”；作形容词时， 固定搭配be mean with sth.(在某方面吝啬)。 ·例句：(I)Missing the train means waiting for another hour.（意昧着)(2)I mean to help you,butI was too busy.(打算) ·真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修四同步练习）：Hurry up!Missing this bus (mean) waiting for another30 minutes.(答案：means) 2.float/flet/V.浮动：漂流；飘动：飘移 ·易错点：易混淆主动语态与被动语态，物体“漂浮”时通常用主动形式，无需被动：易误写为 flout(v.藐视)。 ·精讲：不及物动词，主语通常为物，如Wood floats on water.（木头浮在水上)：与on/in搭配表 示“在…上/里漂浮”。 ·例句：Leaves floated down from the trees in autumn. ·真题链接：The boat (漂浮)gently on the calm lake..(答案：floated) 3.statistic/sta'tIstrk/n.统计数字；统计资料 高中选择性必修第四册沪教版 单元专版 ·易错点：易混淆单复数含义，statistic为可数名词，指“单个统计数据”，statistics指“统计学” 或“统计数据（总称）”：易误写为statisic(漏写t)。 ·精讲：表示“统计数字”时可用a statistic或statistics(复数)：表示“统计学”时为不可数名词， She studies statistics at university. ·例句：The statistics show that the population is increasing.(统计数据) ·真题链接：According to the (统计数字)，over60%of students prefer online learning. (答案：statistics) 4.collapse /k3'leps/n.(机构、生意等的)突然失败，倒闭，崩溃；v.(突然)倒塌，坍塌 ·易错点：易混淆名词与动词用法，作动词时易误用于被动语态（主语为物时通常主动）：易误写 为collaspe(漏写p)。 ·精讲：作动词时，主语可为人或物，如The bridge collapsed in the storm.(桥塌了)；作名词时， 固定搭配economic collapse(经济崩溃)。 ·例句：The company's collapse left500 people out of work.(n.) ·真题链接：The old building (倒塌)after the heavy rain.(答案：collapsed) 5.recreation/,rekri'eIn/n.娱乐；消遣；娱乐活动 ·易错点：易误读为/，rekr'eIn/(重音位置错误)，正确发音为/，rekri'eun/;易与entertainment混 淆，recreation更强调“放松、恢复精力的活动”。 ·精讲：不可数名词，常用搭配outdoor recreation(户外消遣)：近义词辨析：recreation侧重“休 闲活动”，entertainment侧重“娱乐表演”。 ·例句：Hiking and swimming are popular forms of recreation ·真题链接：We need to balance work and (消遣)to stay healthy.(答案：recreation) 6.association/,susi'en/n.联想；联系：联合；合伙；关联；交往 ·易错点：易漏写中间的ci,误写为assoiation;易混淆固定搭配，“与…有关联”用association with,不用to。 ·精讲：固定搭配in association with(与…合作)：have an association with(与…有关)。 ·例句：The study found an association between smoking and lung cancer. ·真题链接：The company has a close (联系)with several foreign firms.(答案：asso ciation) 7.species/'spii:zln.(pl.species)物种；种 ·易错点：易误认复数形式，species单复数同形，不可加-s:易与specy(错误拼写)混淆： ·精讲：a species of(一种…)，后接可数名词单数；many species of(多种…)。 ·例句：This area is home to over200 species of birds, 高中选择性必修第四册沪教版 单元专版 ·真题链接：There are many (物种)of animals in danger of extinction.(答案：species）) 8.prohibit /pr3'hbt/v.(尤指以法令)禁止 ·易错点：易混淆固定搭配，prohibit后接介词from,即prohibit sb.from doing sth.,易误接todo: 易与forbid混淆，prohibit更正式，主语常为“规则、法律”。 ·精讲：主动语态：The law prohibits smoking in public..;被动语态：Smoking is prohibited in public. ·例句：Parents should prohibit their children from playing violent games. ·真题链接：The school rules (禁止)students from using mobile phones in class.(答案： prohibit) 9.meanwhile/'ni:nwarl/adv.同时：与此同时 ·易错点：易误写为mean while(错误拆分)，该词为合成词，需连写；易与meantime混淆， meanwhile作副词，meantime可作名词(in the meantime)。 ·精讲：可放在句首或句中，连接两个并列动作，如I was doing homework;meanwhile,ny brother was watching TV. ·例句：Meanwhile,they are working on a new project, ·真题链接：She was cooking dinner, (同时)，her husband was setting the table.（答案： meanwhile) 10.predator/'predata(r)/n.捕食者；捕食性动物 ·易错点：易误读为/'predatr/(漏读第二个音节)，正确发音为/'predata()/:易与prey(n.猎物) 混淆，predator指“捕食者”，prey指“被捕食者”。 ·精讲：固定搭配natural predator（天敌)：例句：Lions are apex predators in the grassland, ·例句：Snakes are common predators of small animals. ·真题链接：Snakes are common (捕食者)of small animals.(答案：predators) 11.distressing/dr'stres训/adj.使人痛苦的：令人苦恼的 ·易错点：易混淆其动词形式distress(v.使痛苦)，distressing为现在分词作形容词；易误写为 distressful(正确，但distressing更常用)。 ·精讲：修饰事物，如distressing news(令人痛苦的消息)；主语为人时用distressed(感到痛苦 的)，如She was distressed by the news. ·例句：The distressing situation made everyone sad, ·真题链接：It was (令人苦恼的)to hear about the accident..(答案：distressing) 12.monstrous/'mpnstra3sadj.丑恶的；骇人的 高中选择性必修第四册沪教版 单元专版 ·易错点：易误读为/monstras/(重音位置正确，但易漏读第一个音节)；易与monster(n.怪物) 混淆，monstrous由monster加后缀-ous构成。 ·精讲：修饰名词，如a monstrous crime(骇人听闻的罪行)：近义词：terrible,.shocking。 ·例句：The dictator's monstrous acts shocked the world. ·真题链接：The novel describes a (骇人的)creature from the deep sea.(答案：mon strous) 易错词汇综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.Missing the early bus waiting for another hour. ●A.mean ●B.means 。C.meant ●D.to mean 2.The sign on the wall clearly smoking in the library. 。A.prohibits ●B.forbids ·C.stops ●D.prevents 3.This rare bird is a(n) that can only be found in the rainforest. ·A.species 。B.specy ●C.specieses ·D.specys 4.The old bridge suddenly during the storm last night. 高中选择性必修第四册沪教版 单元专版 ·A.was collapsed ●B.collapsed ●C.is collapsing ·D.collapses 5.There is a close between air pollution and respiratory diseases ●A.association to ●B.association with ●C.association for ●D.association in 2.二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.According to the (统计数字)，the unemployment rate has decreased by2%. 2.Many animals are losing their habitats,leading to the extinction of some (物种). 3.The park offers various forms of (娱乐)，such as boating and cycling. 4.The company's financial (崩溃)caused a crisis in the local economy. 5.Parents should (their kids from accessing harmful websites. 3.三、首字母填空 1.The study found an a between excessive screen time and poor eyesight. 2.The river carries leaves that f gently on the water surface. 3.M _my parents were preparing dinner while I was doing my homework. 4.The zoo is home to over 100s of animals from around the world. 5.It's d to hear that many people lost their homes in the flood. 4.四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The new policy (prohibit)students from leaving school during lunch break. 2.Learning a foreign language (mean)opening a new door to the world 3.The (statistic)show that more than half of the students exercise regularly. 4.She enjoys outdoor activities like hiking and camping as forms of (recreate). 高中选择性必修第四册沪教版 单元专版 5.The scientist is studying the (associate)between diet and heart health. 5.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1B2.A3.A4.B5B ·二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.statistics 2.species 3.recreation 4.collapse 5.prohibit ·三、首字母填空 1.association 2.float 3.Meanwhile 4.species 5.distressing ·四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.prohibits 2.means 3.statistics 4.recreation 5.association