Unit 9 Human Biology Topic Talk-2025-2026学年高中英语易错词汇精讲选择性必修第三册（北师大版）

高中·北师大版·选修3 寒假专版 B版易错词汇精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·北师大版·选修3Unit9 Human Biology Topic Talk 单元词汇总览 biology /bar'Dld3in.生物学 算 *vaccine/'vaksi.n/n.疫苗 capability/,kep3'brlati/n.(完成*physicist/'fizisist/n.物理学家 *resilience /rI'zlians/n.恢复力， 困难事情的)能力，才能 *athletics/e0'letiks/n.田径运动复原力，适应力 mar athon/'mer0om/n.马拉松会 participant pa:'tIsipant/n.参加 赛跑 innovate/maveit/vi.&t.革新，者，参与者 justify'd3Astifa/v.证明…有创新，改革 *doping/'dap/n.使用违禁药 道理，为…辩护 betterment/'betamant/n.(个人物（以提高体育比赛的成绩） infer /m'f3/t.推断，推定 社会和经济地位的)改良，改善， calculate/'kaelkjulert/t.计算，核提高 易错词汇精讲 1.capability/,kep3'bilati/n.(完成困难事情的)能力，才能 ·易错点：易与ability混淆，capability更强调“潜在的、全面的能力”，ability侧重“实际技能 或天赋”；易误写为capablity(漏写中间的i)。 ·精讲：常用搭配have the capability to do sth./of doing sth.,比ability更正式，尤指“完成复杂 任务的能力”。 ·例句：She has the capability to solve this difficult problem independently. ·真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3同步练习）：The company is looking for someone with strong organizational一.（答案：capability） 2.justify/'d3 Astifai/v.证明…有道理，为…辩护 ·易错点：易误用介词搭配，justify后直接接宾语，无需加介词：易误写为justfy(漏写中间的 i)。 ·精讲：固定用法justify sth./doing sth.,表示“证明某事/做某事是合理的”。 ·例句：The government tried to justify the new policy with economic data ·真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3同步练习）：He tried to_his absence from the meeting,but no one believed him.(答案：justify) 3.infer/n'f3:/t.推断，推定 高中·北师大版·选修3 寒假专版 ·易错点：易与imply(暗示)混淆，infer强调“由证据或线索推断”，主语是人；imply强调“含 蓄表达”，主语是事物。 ·精讲：常用搭配infer sth.from sth.（从…中推断出…)，注意过去式和过去分词为inferred。 ·例句：We can infer from his words that he is not satisfied with the result ·真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3同步练习）：From the passage,we can._that the author supports this new theory..(答案：infer) 4.calculate/'kaelkjulert//t.计算，核算 ·易错点：易误写为calculte(漏写中间的a):易混淆calculate与compute,calculate侧重“复杂 计算”，compute侧重“机械或精确计算”。 ·精讲：常用搭配calculate the cost/result,可接that引导的宾语从句。 ·例句：Scientists need to calculate the speed of light accurately ·真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3同步练习）：Pleasethe total price of these books for me..(答 案：calculate) 5.innovate/'mavert/vi.&t.革新，创新，改革 ·易错点：易忽略不及物动词用法，后接介词in/on,表示“在某方面创新”；易误写为innovateion (名词形式应为innovation)。 ·精讲：作及物动词时直接接宾语，如innovate technology;作不及物动词时用innovate in sth.。 ·例句：The company aims to innovate in the field of artificial intelligence. ·真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3同步练习）：It is important for businesses toto keep up with the market..(答案：innovate) 6.resilience'zilians/n.恢复力，复原力，适应力 ·易错点：易误读为重音在第一音节/'rizilians/,正确重音在第二音节；易误写为resiliance(漏 写中间的i)。 ·精讲：不可数名词，常用搭配build resilience(培养适应力)，多用于正式语境。 ·例句：The community showed great resilience after the natural disaster. ·真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3同步练习）：The study focuses on theof children in difficult environments.(答案：resilience) 7.participant /pa:'tIsipant/n.参加者，参与者 ·易错点：易与动词participate(参加)混淆，词性和拼写差异易出错；易误写为participent(词 尾应为-ant)。 ·精讲：participant是名词，常用搭配a participant in sth.;动词形式为participate in（参加…)。 ·例句：All participants in the competition will receive a certificate, 高中·北师大版·选修3 寒假专版 ·真题链接：-（北师大版高中选修3同步练习）：Each_is required to submit a report after the project. (答案：participant) 8.doping/'daop四/n.使用违禁药物（以提高体育比赛的成绩） ·易错点：易误写为dopeing(漏写中间的p):易与dope(动词，给…服用兴奋剂)混淆。 ·精讲：不可数名词，常用搭配anti-doping(反兴奋剂)，体育领域专用术语。 ·例句：The athlete was banned for two years due to doping. ·真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3同步练习）：The sports authority has strict rules against_in competitions.(答案：doping) 9.athletics/e0'letiks/n.田径运动会 ·易错点：易误用作单数，athletics是集合名词，通常作单数，指“田径运动”；易误写为athletic (形容词，运动的)。 ·精讲：表示“田径项目”时，谓语动词用单数：表示“运动员们”时罕见，多为单数用法。 ·例句：Athletics is my favorite sport in the Olympics. ·真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3同步练习）：_includes running,jumping,and throwing events, (答案：Athletics) 10.vaccine/'vaeksi:n/n.疫苗 ·易错点：易误读为Wek'sin(重音位置错误)，正确发音为/'vaeksi.n/:易误写为vacine(漏写 中间的c)。 ·精讲：可数名词，常用搭配take/get a vaccine(接种疫苗)，develop a vaccine(研发疫苗)。 ·例句：The doctor advised her to get a flu vaccine before winter. ·真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3同步练习)：Scientists are working hard to develop a new_against the virus..(答案：vaccine) 11.betterment/'betamant/n.(个人社会和经济地位的)改良，改善，提高 ·易错点：易误写为betterment(正确拼写，但易漏写中间的e);易与improvement混淆，betterment 更侧重“长期的、系统性的改善”。 ·精讲：不可数名词，常用搭配the betterment of society(社会改良)，for the betterment of(为了 …的改善)。 ·例句：Education is key to the betterment of one's life. ·真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3同步练习）：The program aims at the一of living conditions in rural areas.(答案：betterment) 12.physicist/'fizisist/n.物理学家 高中·北师大版·选修3 寒假专版 ·易错点：易误写为physicst(漏写中间的i);易与physician(内科医生)混淆，词尾-ist表示 “从事某学科的人”。 ·精讲：由physics(物理)+-ist构成，类似的词有chemist(化学家)。 ·例句：Einstein is one of the greatest physicists in history. ·真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3同步练习）：The_won the Nobel Prize for his research on quantum mechanics.(答案：physicist) 易错词汇综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.The research team demonstrated strong-in solving complex technical problems. ·A.ability ●B.capability 。C.skil ·D.talent 2.The manager tried tothe high cost of the new project with potential long-term benefits. ·A.justify ·B.imply 。C.infer 。D.calculate 3.From the data collected,scientists can that climate change is accelerating. ·A.imply ●B.infer ●C.innovate ·D.justify 4.Please_the total expenses for the conference before submitting the report. 高中·北师大版·选修3 寒假专版 ·A.compute ●B.calculate ●C.number ●D.count 5.To stay competitive,companies mustin product design and technology. ●A.innovate ●B.participate 。C.dope ●D.better 2.二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The study focuses on building children's emotional(in challenging situations. 2.All()in the experiment will receive a certificate of participation 3.The sports authority announced new measures to fight against_(使用违禁药物)in competitions.. 4._(田径运动)includes events like sprinting,long jump,and shot put. 5.Scientists are racing to develop a new()against the emerging virus. 3.三、首字母填空 1.The key to personal bis continuous learning and self-improvement. 2.Einstein,a famous p,made groundbreaking contributions to physics. 3.The team'srwas tested during the crisis,but they managed to recover quickly. 4.The school organized an a meet with over 200 students participating. 5.It's important to i from facts rather than jump to conclusions. 4.四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.She has the(capable)to lead the team through the difficult project. 2.The government needs to(just)its decision to increase taxes. 3.After the accident,the community showed great(resilient)in rebuilding their homes. 4.The (participate)in the workshop are required to submit a report next week. 高中·北师大版·选修3 寒假专版 5.The company's success lies in its ability to(innovation)in a rapidly changing market. 5.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1.B2.A3.B4.B 5.A ·二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1resilience 2.participants 3.doping 4.Athletics 5.vaccine ·三、首字母填空 1.betterment 2.physicist 3.resilience 4.athletics 5.infer ·四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.capability 2.justify 3.resilience 4.participants 5.innovate