Unit 4 Adversity and Courage 二-2025-2026学年高中英语重点词汇精讲选择性必修第三册（人教版）

高中选修3人教 寒假专版 C版词汇核心考点精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·人教·选修3Unit4 Adversity and Courage二 单元词汇总览 banjo/bend3/n.班卓琴（乐真诚的：可信赖的 的；冷酷的 器) perseverance/p3:sI'vIarans/n.thorough/'0ra/adj.深入的：彻 miserable/'mrzrabl/adj.痛苦的：毅力：韧性；不屈不挠的精神 底的：细致的 令人难受的 persevere/,p3sI'vIa)/i.坚持：furniture/'f3:nt)/n.家具 voyage'voud3/n.&vi.航海：航孜孜以求 unfortunately /An'fo:tfenetli/adv. 行 resolve/r'zDlv/vi..&t.决定：不幸地：遗憾地 nay/nervi/n.海军；海军部队决心：解决（问题或困难）n.决fortunately/'fo:tfonatli/adv.幸 decent/'di:snt/adj.相当不错的：心；坚定的信念 运地 正派的：得体的 resolution/,rezs'lu:jfn/n.决议；bark /ba:k/vi.&n.(狗)吠叫；吠 cosy/'kauzi/adj.温馨的：舒适的解决；坚定 叫声 selfish/'selfi/adj.自私的 crew /kru:/n.(轮船、飞机等上rugby/'rAgbi/n.橄榄球运动 good/bad-tempered adj.脾气好面的)全体工作人员；专业团队： 的/坏的 一群人 genuine/'d3 enjum/adj.真正的；cruel/'ku:/adj.残酷的；残忍 词汇核心考点精讲 1.miserable/mizrabl/adj.痛苦的：令人难受的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj.) 2个核心义：痛苦的（指人感受）、令人难受的（指事物） ·必记搭配与例句：●feel miserable(感到痛苦)：She felt miserable after failing the exam, ●a miserable life(悲惨的生活)：They lived a miserable life in the old days. ·重点派生词：●misery（名词)：suffer misery(遭受痛苦) ●miserably(副词)：sleep miserably(睡得很差) 2.decent/'di:smt/ad.相当不错的；正派的：得体的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj.) 3个核心义：相当不错的（质量）、正派的（品行）、得体的（行为） ·必记搭配与例句：●decent pay(不错的薪水)：The job offers decent pay. ●a decent person(正派的人)：He is a decent and honest man.. ●decent behavior(得体的行为)：Please show decent behavior in public. 高中选修3人教 寒假专版 ·重点派生词：·decently(副词)：dress decently(衣着得体) 3.coy/'kauzi//ad.温馨的；舒适的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj.) 2个核心义：温馨的（环境）、舒适的（感觉） ·必记搭配与例句：●a cosy room(温馨的房间)：We sat in the cosy room chatting, ·feel cosy(感到舒适)：She felt cosy by the fire.. ·重点派生词：·cosily(副词)：live cosily(舒适地生活) ●cosiness(名词)：the cosiness of home(家的温馨) 4.selfish/'selfi[/adj..自私的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 1个核心义：自私的（只考虑自己） ·必记搭配与例句：●a selfish person(自私的人)：It's selfish to think only of yourself. ●selfish behavior(自私行为)：His selfish behavior made others angry. ·重点派生词：·selfishly（副词)：act selfishly(自私地行动) ·selfishness(名词)：overcome selfishness(克服自私) 5.genuine/'d3njum/adj.真正的：真诚的：可信赖的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 3个核心义：真正的（非伪造）、真诚的（情感）、可信赖的（人） ·必记搭配与例句：·genuine leather(真皮)：This bag is made of genuine leather. ●genuine concern(真诚的关心)：she showed genuine concern for us. ●a genuine friend(可信赖的朋友)：He is a genuine friend indeed. ·重点派生词：●genuinely(副词)：genuinely sorry(真心抱歉) ●genuineness(名词)：the genuineness of his love(他爱的真诚) 6.perseverance/,p3sI'VIarans/n.毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.) 1个核心义：毅力：韧性：不屈不挠的精神 ·必记搭配与例句：·with perseverance(凭借毅力)：He succeeded with perseverance, ●show perseverance(表现出毅力)：The child showed great perseverance.. ·重点派生词：·persevere(动词)：persevere in study(坚持学习) 7.resolve /rI'zDlv/vi.&t.决定；决心；解决（问题或困难）n.决心；坚定的信念 高中选修3人教 寒假专版 ·核心考点：词性：动词(vi&t.):名词(n.) 动词2个核心义：决定：决心：解决（问题） 名词1个核心义：决心：坚定的信念 ·必记搭配与例句：。resolve to do sth.(决心做某事)：She resolved to work harder.. ●resolve a problem(解决问题)：They resolved the conflict peacefully. ●with resolve(带着决心)：He faced difficulties with resolve. ·重点派生词：●resolution(名词)：make a resolution(下定决心) ·resolved(形容词)：be resolved to do(决心做) 8.resolution/rez3'lu:jn/n.决议；解决：坚定 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.) 3个核心义：决议（会议）、解决（问题）、坚定（意志） ·必记搭配与例句：●pass a resolution(通过决议)：The meeting passed a resolution. ●the resolution of a problem(问题的解决)：We expect the resolution of the issue. ●strong resolution(坚定的决心)：He has a strong resolution to succeed, ·重点派生词：●resolve(动词)：resolve to change(决心改变) 9.thorough/'0r3/adj.深入的：彻底的；细致的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 3个核心义：深入的（研究）、彻底的（检查）、细致的（工作） ·必记搭配与例句：·thorough research(深入研究)：They did thorough research on the topic ●a thorough check(彻底检查)：The doctor gave him a thorough check. ●thorough work(细致的工作)：She is known for her thorough work. ·重点派生词：·thoroughly(副词)：clean thoroughly(彻底打扫) ●thoroughness(名词)：the thoroughness of his work(他工作的细致) 10.nfortunately/n'fo:t∫enatli//adv.不幸地：遗憾地 ·核心考点：词性：副词(adv.) 1个核心义：不幸地：遗憾地 ·必记搭配与例句：unfortunately for sb.(对某人来说不幸的是)：Unfortunately for him,he missed the bus. ●unfortunately+句子（遗憾的是)：Unfortunately,,the plan failed. ·对比词汇：●fortunately（副词)：Fortunately,we arrived on time. 11.fortunately/fot∫enatli/adv.幸运地 ·核心考点：词性：副词(adv.) 1个核心义：幸运地 高中选修3人教 寒假专版 ·必记搭配与例句：●fortunately for sb.(对某人来说幸运的是)：Fortunately for her,she passed the exam ●fortunately+句子（幸运的是）：Fortunately,no one was hurt. ·对比词汇：●unfortunately(副词)：Unfortunately,.it rained heavily. 12.persevere./,p3sI'vIa)/vi.坚持：孜孜以求 ·核心考点：词性：动词(vi) 1个核心义：坚持：孜孜以求 ·必记搭配与例句：●persevere in doing sth.(坚持做某事)：He persevered in learning English. ●persevere through difficulties(克服困难坚持)：They persevered through hard times. ·重点派生词：●perseverance（名词)：the perseverance of scientists(科学家的毅力) 13.cruel/'ku:al/adj.残酷的：残忍的：冷酷的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 2个核心义：残酷的（行为）、冷酷的（态度） ·必记搭配与例句：●a cruel man(残酷的人)：The cruel man hurt animals. ·be cruel to sb.(对某人冷酷)：Don't be cruel to the poor. ·重点派生词：·cruelly(副词)：treat cruelly(残酷对待) ●cruelty(名词)：against cruelty（反对残忍) 14.good/bad-tempered adj..脾气好的/坏的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 2个核心义：脾气好的坏的 ·必记搭配与例句：●a good-tempered teacher(脾气好的老师)：Our teacher is good-tempered. ●bad-tempered behavior(坏脾气行为)：His bad-tempered words hurt her. ·重点派生词：●temper(名词)：lose temper(发脾气) ●temperament(名词)：artistic temperament(艺术气质) 15.voyage'vod/n.&vi.航海：航行 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.):动词(vi.) 名词1个核心义：航海：航行（长途） 动词1个核心义：航海：航行 ·必记搭配与例句：●go on a voyage(去航行)：They went on a voyage around the world.. ●voyage to sp.(航行到某地)：Columbus voyaged to America. ·词义辨析：●voyage(航海/航空长途)：journey(陆地长途)：trip(短途旅行) 高中选修3人教 寒假专版 词汇核心考点综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.She feltafter hearing the bad news. ●A.miserable ●B.decent ·C.cosy 。D.selfish 2.The job offers pay,so many people apply for it. ●A.genuine ●B.cuel ·C.decent ●D.thorough 3.We spent the evening in a room by the fire. ●A.niserable ·B.cosy ●C.selfish ●D.cuel 4.It's to take all the cookies without sharing. ·A.genuine ·B.decent ·C.selfish ●D.good-tempered 5.This bag is made of leather,not fake. ●A.genuine 高中选修3人教 寒假专版 ·B.thorough ●C.niser able ●D.resolved 6.With great,he finally finished the difficult project. ●A.resolution ·B.perseverance ·C.cruelty ●D.cosiness 7.They managed tothe conflict through peaceful talks. ●A.persevere ●B.voyage ●C.resolve 。D.temper 8.The doctor gave him acheck to find the cause of his illness. ●A.thorough ●B.decent ●C.genuine ●D.miserable 9.,the rain stopped just before the outdoor concert. ●A.Unfortunately 。B.Fortunately ·C.Cruelly ·D.Selfishly 10.Columbus to America in 1492. 高中选修3人教 寒假专版 ·A.resolved ●B.persevered ·C.voyaged ·D.tempered 2.二、根据提示补全句子 1.She showed great_(persevere)in learning to play the piano. 2.The(solve)of the problem took three months 3.He speaks_(genuine)when he says he's sorry. 4.After the storm,they cleaned the house(thorough). 5.The(cruel)of the dictator shocked the world. 6.She has a_(resolve)to study abroad next year. 7.The old couple live(cosy)in their small house. 8.His(selfish)made him lose many friends. 3.三、首字母填空 1.The homeless man led a m life on the street 2.It's important to wear dclothes to a job interview 3.We enjoy the cof home during the Spring Festival. 4.With p,you can achieve any goal you set 5.U,the flight was delayed due to bad weather. 4.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1.A2.C3B4.C5.A6.B7.C8.A9.B10.C ·二、根据提示补全句子 1.perseverance 2.resolution 3.genuinely 4.thoroughly 5.cruelty 6.resolution 7.cosily 8.selfishness ·三、首字母填空 1.miserable 2.decent 3.cosiness 4.perseverance 5.Unfortunately