Unit 1 Science and Scientists 三-2025-2026学年高中英语重点词汇精讲选择性必修第二册（人教版）

高中选修2人教 寒假专版 高中选修2词汇核心考点精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·人教·选修2Unit1 Science and Scientists 单元词汇总览 aerospace/'earauspeIs//n.航空航leadership/'li:dp/n.领导；领 astronomy/A'strDn3mi/n.天文学 天工业 导地位；领导才能 telescope/'teliskaup/n.望远镜 patriotic/,peti'Dtik/adj.爱国的trace /treis/vt.追溯：追踪；查出besides/bI'saidz/prep.除…之 mechanical /m'kaenikl/adj.机械n.痕迹；遗迹；踪迹 外（还adv.而且：此外 的：发动机的：机器的 outstanding/awt'staend/adj.优brilliant/'briliant/adj.聪颖的： mechanic /ma'kaenik/n.机械师：秀的：杰出的：明显的 绝妙的；明亮的 机械修理工 gifted/'gftd/adj.有天赋的：有furthermore/f3:ǒa'm:)/adv. break out短语（战争、打斗等不天才的：天资聪慧的 此外：再者 愉快的事情)突然开始：爆发come down短语患（病）：染上above all短语最重要的是：尤其 aviation/,eIvi'eIn/n.航空制造（小病） 是 业：航空：飞行 abstract/'aebstraekt/adj.抽象的；fault /fo:lt/n.弱点；过错 defend/dr'fend/vt.保卫：防守；理论上的n.(文献等的摘要 shift小f/n.改变：转换：轮班 辩解 steady/'sted/adj.稳定的；平稳vi.&t.转移：挪动；转向 jet/d3et/n.喷气式飞机 的：稳步的 ivid/'vivid/adj.生动的；鲜明 assistant/A'sIstant/n.助理；助手concept/'kpnsept/n.概念：观念的；丰富的 in charge of短语主管；掌管 astronomer /a'strpnama(r)/n. missile/'misail/n.导弹 文学家 词汇核心考点精讲 1.patriotic/.pertri'Dtik/adj.爱国的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：爱国的（情感、行为） ·必记搭配与例句：●patriotic feelings(爱国情感)：He has strong patriotic feelings. ●patriotic actions(爱国行为)：Their actions showed patriotic spirit. ·重点派生词：●patriot(名词)：a loyal patriot(忠诚的爱国者) ●patriotism（名词)：love of country and patriotism(对国家的爱和爱国主义) 2.mechanical/m3'kaenikl/adj.机械的：发动机的：机器的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 3个核心义：机械的（装置）、发动机的（部件）、机器的（操作） 高中选修2人教 寒假专版 ·必记搭配与例句：●mechanical device(机械装置)：This is a new mechanical device.. ·mechanical parts(发动机部件)：The car needs new mechanical parts. ●nechanical operation(机器操作)：He learned mechanical operation quickly. ·重点派生词：●mechanic(名词)：a skilled mechanic(熟练的机械师) ●nechanics（名词)：the mechanics of the machine(机器的构造原理) 3.defend/d'fend/vt.保卫；防守；辩解 ·核心考点：词性：及物动词(t.) 3个核心义：保卫（国家）、防守（阵地）、辩解（行为） ·必记搭配与例句：●defend the country(保卫国家)：Soldiers defend the country. ●defend the position(防守阵地)：They tried to defend the position. ·defend one's actions(辩解行为)：He tried to defend his actions. ·重点派生词：·defence(名词)：national defence(国防) ●defensive(形容词)：defensive measures(防御措施) 4.outstanding/aot'staend如/adj.优秀的；杰出的；明显的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 3个核心义：优秀的（人）、杰出的（成果）、明显的（问题） ·必记搭配与例句：●outstanding student（优秀学生)：She is an outstanding student, ●outstanding achievement（杰出成果)：He has made outstanding achievements. ·outstanding problem(明显问题)：There are some outstanding problems. ·重点派生词：●stand out(短语)：stand out from the crowd（从人群中脱颖而出) 5.gifted/'grfud/adj.有天赋的：有天才的：天资聪慧的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 核心义：有天赋的（能力）、有天才的（人）、天资聪慧的（儿童） ·必记搭配与例句：·gifted in music(有音乐天赋)：She is gifted in music. ·gifted child(天资聪慧的儿童)：He is a gifted child. ·重点派生词：●git(名词)：have a gift for(有…天赋) 6.abstract/'ebstraekt/adj.抽象的；理论上的n.(文献等的)摘要 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj)、名词(n.) 2个核心义：抽象的（概念、理论上的（观点）：（文献等的）摘要 ·必记搭配与例句：●abstract concept(抽象概念)：It's an abstract concept,. ●abstract theory(理论上的理论)：The article talks about abstract theory. ●abstract of the paper(论文摘要)：Please write the abstract of the paper. 高中选修2人教 寒假专版 ·重点派生词：●abstraction(名词)：the abstraction of thought（思维的抽象) 7.steady/'sted/adj.稳定的：平稳的；稳步的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj.) 3个核心义：稳定的（发展）、平稳的（状态）、稳步的（增长） ·必记搭配与例句：●steady development(稳定发展)：We need steady development ●steady state(平稳状态)：The machine runs in a steady state.. ●steady growth(稳步增长)：There is a steady growth in economy.. ·重点派生词：·steadily(副词)：grow steadily(稳步增长) 8.brilliant./'briliant/adj.聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 3个核心义：聪颖的（人）、绝妙的（主意）、明亮的（光线） ·必记搭配与例句：●brilliant student(聪颖的学生)：He is a brilliant student. ●brilliant idea(绝妙的主意)：That's a brilliant idea. ●brilliant light(明亮的光线)：The sun gives brilliant light. ·重点派生词：●brilliance(名词)：the brilliance of the diamond(钴石的光辉) 9.furthermore/f3:ǒ3'm:)/adv.此外；再者 ·核心考点：词性：副词（adv,) 核心义：此外：再者 ·必记搭配与例句：·用于句首，连接句子：I like reading.Furthermore,I like writing. ·词义辨析：●furthermore::强调补充说明，多用于正式文体。 。besides:除…之外还有，可用于句中或句首。 10.shift/ft/n.改变：转换；轮班vi.&t.转移；挪动：转向 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.)、动词(vi.&t.) 3个核心义：改变（观点）、转换（方向）、轮班（工作）：转移（注意力）、挪动（位置）、转向 (话题) ·必记搭配与例句：●shift in opinion(观点改变)：There is a shift in public opinion. ●shift direction(转换方向)：The wind shifted direction. ·work in shifts(轮班工作)：They work in shifts. ●shift attention(转移注意力)：He tried to shift attention. ·重点派生词：●shifting(形容词)：shifting sands(流沙) 11.ivid/'VIVId/adj.生动的；鲜明的：丰富的 高中选修2人教 寒假专版 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 3个核心义：生动的（描述）、鲜明的（色彩）、丰富的（想象） ·必记搭配与例句：。vivid description(生动的描述)：He gave a vivid description. ●vivid color(鲜明的色彩)：The painting has vivid colors. ●vivid imagination(丰富的想象)：She has a vivid imagination. ·重点派生词：·vividly(副词)：describe vividly(生动地描述) 12.trace/trers/t.追溯；追踪：查出n.痕迹；遗迹；踪迹 ·核心考点：词性：及物动词(t.)、名词(n) 3个核心义：追溯（历史）、追踪（线索）、查出（原因）：痕迹（证据）、遗迹（古物）、踪迹 (行踪) ·必记搭配与例句：●trace the history(追溯历史)：We can trace the history. ●trace the clue(追踪线索)：The police tried to trace the clue. 。trace the cause(查出原因)：They want to trace the cause. ·leave a trace(留下痕迹)：He left a trace here. ·重点派生词：·traceable（形容词)：be traceable to(可追溯到) 13.leadership/'li:dap/n.领导；领导地位：领导才能 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n) 3个核心义：领导（能力）、领导地位（职位）、领导才能（品质） ·必记搭配与例句：·strong leadership(强大的领导能力)：The company needs strong leadership ●take leadership(担任领导地位)：He took leadership of the team. 。leadership qualities(领导才能品质)：She has good leadership qualities. ·重点派生词：●leader(名词)：a good leader(一位好领导) ·lead(动词)：lead the team(领导团队) 14.concept/'konsept/n.概念：观念 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.) 核心义：概念（理论）、观念（思想） ·必记搭配与例句：·basic concept(基本概念)：We need to learn basic concepts. ●new concept（新观念)：He put forward a new concept, ·重点派生词：·conceptual(形容词)：conceptual understanding(概念理解) 15.aerospace/'earauspeis/n.航空航天工业 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n) 核心义：航空航天工业 高中选修2人教 寒假专版 ·必记搭配与例句：●aerospace industry(航空航天工业)：The aerospace industry is developing fast. ●aerospace technology(航空航天技术)：We have advanced aerospace technology. ·词汇拓展：●aviation(名词)：aviation industry(航空制造业) 词汇核心考点综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.The soldiers showed great spirit while defending their country. ·A.patriot 。B.patriotic ●C.patriotism ●D.patrician 2.This new type of device can help improve work efficiency. ●A.mechanics ●B.mechanical ·C.mechanic ●D.mechanism 3.The lawyer tried to his client's actions in court. ·A.defend 。B.defence 。C.defensive ·D.defender 4.Her performance in the competition won her first prize 。A.outstanding ●B.stood 高中选修2人教 寒假专版 ·C.stand out ●D.outstand 5.The child is in music and can play the piano at the age of five. ●A.gift ·B.gifted ●C.gifting ·D.gifts 6.The article discusses some concepts that are hard to understand. ●A.abstract ●B.abstraction 。C.abstractly ●D.abstracted 7.The company has achieved growth in sales over the past five years. ●A.steady ·B.steadily ·C.steadiness ·D.stead 8.Her idea solved the problem that had troubled us for weeks. ●A.brilliance 。B.brilliantly ·C.brilliant 。D.brilliancy 9.I like reading novels. I enjoy writing short stories. ·A.Besides 高中选修2人教 寒假专版 ·B.Furthermore 。C.However 。D.Therefore 10.The team needs strong to overcome the current challenges. 。A.leader ●B.lead ●C.leadership 。D.leading 2.二、根据提示补全句子 1.She has a (gift)for painting and often wins awards. 2.The (abstract)of the research paper should be no more than 300 words. 3.The economy is growing (steady)despite some external pressures. 4.The police are trying to (trace)the origin of the stolen goods. 5.His (brilliant)in science led him to discover a new energy source 6.The (mechanic)repaired the car in less than an hour. 7.We need to develop (patriotism)education among young people. 8.The (conceptual)framework of the theory is still being discussed. 3.三、首字母填空 1.The sun emits b light that brightens the entire room 2.The company's a industry has made significant progress in recent years. 3.There has been a s_ in public opinion regarding environmental protection 4.The teacher gave a v description of her trip to the ancient city. 5.The shift in government policy will have a long-term impact on the country's d 4.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1B2.B3.A4.A5B6.A7.A8.C9B10.C 高中选修2人教 寒假专版 ·二、根据提示补全句子 1.gift 2.abstract 3.steadily 4.trace 5.brilliance 6.mechanic 7.patriotism 8.conceptual ·三、首字母填空 1.brilliant 2.aerospace 3.shift 4.vivid 5.development