Unit 4 Adversity and Courage 一-2025-2026学年高中英语重点词汇精讲选择性必修第三册（人教版）

高中选修3人教 寒假专版 C版词汇核心考点精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·人教·选修3Unit4 Adversity and Courage 单元词汇总览 adversity/d'v3:sti/n.困境：逆格；具备…的知识（或技能、学crush /kraf/t毁坏：压坏；压碎 境 历等) n.拥挤的人群 wage /weid3/n.工资 enthusiastic /I Oju:zi'astik/adj.sink /smnk/vi.(sank /saenk/or sunk bitter/brta(r)/adj.严寒的：激烈热情的：热心的 /sk,sunk)沉没：下沉：下降t. 而不愉快的：味苦的 aboard /s'bo:d/adv.&prep.上使下沉：使沉没 expedition/.eksp3'dn/n.探险；（船、飞机、公共汽车等） abandon/a'baendan/t.舍弃；抛 远征：探险队 cupboard/'kAbad/n.橱柜；壁橱；弃；放弃 endurance/m'djar3ns/n.忍耐衣柜 stove/stav/n.炉具；厨房灶具 力：耐久力 assign/'san/t.分派：布置：分blanket/'blaenkit/n.毯子 vigour/VIg)/n.精力：力量：活配 belongings /br'lou四z/n.pl.]财 力 steward/'stju:ad/n.(轮船、飞机物；动产 turn sb down短语拒绝（某人） 或火车上的)乘务员：服务员 qualified/'kwDlrfaid/adj.符合资eny/'envi/n.&vt.羡慕；妒忌 词汇核心考点精讲 1.adversity/ad'v3:sati/n.困境；逆境 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n) 1个核心义：困境：逆境 ·必记搭配与例句：●face adversity(面对逆境)：We must face adversity bravely.. ●overcome adversity(克服逆境)：He overcame many adversities. ·重点派生词：●adverse(形容词)：adverse conditions(不利条件) 2.wage /weid/n.工资 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n) 1个核心义：工资 ·必记搭配与例句：●minimum wage(最低工资)：The minimum wage has increased, ●wages for(…的工资)：Wages for teachers are rising ·词义辨析：·wage:常指按周或按日发放的工资，多用于体力劳动 ●salary:指按月发放的薪水，多用于脑力劳动 高中选修3人教 寒假专版 3.bitter/'bta(r)/adj.严寒的：激烈而不愉快的；味苦的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 3个核心义：严寒的、激烈而不愉快的、味苦的 ·必记搭配与例句：●bitter cold(严寒)：The bitter cold made us stay indoors.. ●bitter argument(激烈争吵)：They had a bitter argument. ●bitter taste(苦味)：The medicine has a bitter taste. ·重点派生词：·bitterly(副词)：bitterly disappointed(极度失望) 4.expedition/,eksp3'dn/n.探险；远征：探险队 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n) 2个核心义：探险、探险队 ·必记搭配与例句：●go on an expedition(去探险)：They will go on an expedition to the North Pole. ●expedition team(探险队)：The expedition team returned safely. ·重点派生词：·expeditionary(形容词)：expeditionary force(远征军) 5.endurance/m'djuarans/n.忍耐力：耐久力 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n) 2个核心义：忍耐力、耐久力 ·必记搭配与例句：●physical endurance(体力耐力)：Athletes need good physical endurance, ●考验…的耐力：The long race tested our endurance ·重点派生词：·endure(动词)：endure hardships（忍受艰难) ●enduring(形容词)：enduring friendship(持久的友谊) 6.vigour/'vIga(r)/n.精力：力量；活力 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n) 2个核心义：精力、活力 ·必记搭配与例句：●full of vigour（充满活力)：The children are full of vigour. ●with vigour(精力充沛地)：He worked with vigour. ·重点派生词：·vigorous(形容词)：vigorous exercise(剧烈运动) ●vigorously（副词)：argue vigorously(激烈地争论) 7.qualified/kwplrfaid/adj.符合资格；具备…的知识（或技能、学历等)》 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 1个核心义：符合资格：具备…的知识（或技能、学历等） ·必记搭配与例句：●be qualified for（胜任…)：She is qualified for the job 。be qualified to do sth.(有资格做某事)：He is qualified to teach English 高中选修3人教 寒假专版 ·重点派生词：·qualify(动词)：qualify for the exam(有资格参加考试) ·qualification(名词)：meet the qualifications(符合条件) 8.enthusiastic/m,0ju:zi'estik/adj.热情的；热心的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 1个核心义：热情的：热心的 ·必记搭配与例句：●be enthusiastic about(对…热情)：She is enthusiastic about music. ●enthusiastic support(热情的支持)：We received enthusiastic support ·重点派生词：●enthusiasm(名词)：show enthusiasm for(对…表现出热情) ·enthusiastically(副词)：speak enthusiastically(热情地说) 9.assign /a'saIn/t.分派：布置：分配 ·核心考点：词性：动词(t.) 2个核心义：分派：布置：分配 ·必记搭配与例句：·assign sth.tosb.(把某物分配给某人)：The teacher assigned tasks to us. ●assign sb.to do sth.(指派某人做某事)：He was assigned to finish the work. ·重点派生词：·assignment(名词)：homework assignment(家庭作业) 10.eny/'envi/n.&t.羡慕；妒忌 ·核心考点：词性：名词&t 1个核心义：羡慕：妒忌 ·必记搭配与例句：●envy sb.sth.(羡慕某人某物)：I envy her success. ●with envy(羡慕地)：They looked at the new car with envy ·词义辨析：●eny:羡慕，带有希望拥有别人东西的含义 ●jealousy:嫉妒，带有不希望别人拥有的含义 11.abandon/A'baendan/t.舍弃：抛弃；放弃 ·核心考点：词性：动词(t.) 2个核心义：舍弃；抛弃：放弃 ·必记搭配与例句：·abandon oneself to(沉溺于)：He abandoned himself to grief. ●abandon the plan(放弃计划)：They had to abandon the plan. ·重点派生词：●abandonment(名词)：the abandonment of hope(放弃希望) 12.crush /kraf/vt.毁坏：压坏；压碎n.拥挤的人群 ·核心考点：词性：动词(t.):名词(n) 3个核心义：毁坏：压坏：压碎（动词）：拥挤的人群（名词） 高中选修3人教 寒假专版 ·必记搭配与例句：●crush sth.into(把某物压成…)：Crush the garlic into pieces. ·a crush of people(拥挤的人群)：There was a crush of people in the store. ·词义辨析：·csh:强调用力挤压导致变形或破碎 ●smash:强调猛烈撞击而破碎 13.sink/sk/vi.(sank/sunk,sunk)沉没：下沉；下降t.使下沉；使沉没 ·核心考点：词性：动词（ⅵ.&t.) 2个核心义：沉没：下沉(vi.):使下沉：使沉没(t.) ·必记搭配与例句：●sink into(陷入…)：He sank into a chair. ●sink a ship(使船沉没)：The storm sank the ship ·不规则变化：。过去式：sank/sunk:过去分词：sunk 14.belongings /bI'lpn四zn.[pl.]财物；动产 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n)pl] 1个核心义：财物：动产 ·必记搭配与例句：·personal belongings(个人财物)：Please take care of your personal belongings ·leave one's belongings(留下财物)：He left his belongings in the hotel. ·用法提示：·belongings永远为复数形式，不能用单数 词汇核心考点综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.We should learn to face_bravely in our life. ·A.adversity 。B.wage ●C.cush ·D.belongings 2.The for workers in this factory is paid weekly. 。A.salary ●B.wage 高中选修3人教 寒假专版 ·C.payment ·D.money 3.The medicine left a taste in my mouth after I took it. ●A.bitter ●B.enthusiastic ·C.qualified ●D.vigorous 4.The team will go on anto the South Pole next month. ●A.assignment ●B.expedition 。C.endurance ●D.abandonment 5.Long-distance running requires good physical ●A.V1g0ur ·B.eny 。C.endurance ·D.adversity 6.She is_for the position because she has rich experience. ●A.qualified ●B.enthusiastic ·C.assigned ●D.abandoned 7.The teacher_us a lot of homework yesterday. ●A.assigned 高中选修3人教 寒假专版 ·B.abandoned ·C.crushed 。D.sank 8.Many people looked at the famous actor with 。A.envy ●B.wage 。C.belongings ●D.cush 9.Don'tyour hopes even if you fail this time. ●A.sink ●B.assign ·C.abandon 。D.cush 10.The shipquickly after hitting the rock. ●A.sank ●B.crushed ●C.abandoned 。D.qualified 2.二、根据提示补全句子 1.He was-(bitter)disappointed when he failed the exam. 2.The company needs more_(qualify)engineers to join the team. 3.She showed great(enthusiastic)for the new project 4.After the long journey,all of us were out of(vigour) 5.The_(endure)of the old man surprised everyone. 6.We should learn to(endurance)hardships in our life 高中选修3人教 寒假专版 7.The teacher's_(assign)made us very busy yesterday. 8.His_(abandon)of the plan made us have to start over. 3.三、首字母填空 1.The explorers prepared well for their eto the Amazon 2.It's important to take care of your personal bwhen traveling. 3.The minimum w_in this city has been increased this year. 4.He has the qto solve this difficult problem. 5.The little girl was full of vand ran around the playground. 4.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 ABABCAAACA ·二、根据提示补全句子 bitterly qualifications enthusiasm vigour endurance endure assignment abandonment ·三、首字母填空 expedition belongings wage qualification vigour