专题一 类型一 第3讲 主旨大意题-【衡中学案】2026年高考英语二轮总复习学案

firemen who had come to their aid.'It was absolutely incredible how many people responded and were out in the rain trying to help us,’Annie said.”可知，这对夫妇非常感激前来帮助他 们的邻居和消防员。由此推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是赞 美社区内的互助与爱心。 D 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。探讨了Zadie Smith在 其文章《快乐》中对快乐的独特见解，并分析了文学、文化身份、 社区联系对快乐的影响。 l2.A细节理解题。根据第二段中“She finds joy in small pleasures of life,such as interactions with a child or observing daily routines.”可知，Smith认为人们可以从日常生活的普通 瞬间中找到快乐。 l3.C细节理解题。根据第三段中“She claims that by immersing ourselves in the stories and experiences of others,we can broaden our horizons and find joy in the shared human experience.”可知，在追求快乐中，文学能够帮助人们理解 他人。 14.B细节理解题。根据第四段中“She highlights how joy is often rooted in cultural legacy and individual experiences, emphasizing the value of embracing diverse identities.”以及倒 数第二段中“She argues that joy is often connected with our relationships and the sense of belonging we get from them." 知，Sith认为是文化背景和社交关系影响人们对快乐的 看法。 15.A语篇类别题。根据第一段“In today's fast-paced world,joy can often feel hard to find.However,Zadie Smith offers a refreshing perspective on the concept of joy and its significance in our lives,in her essay Joy.Through a blend of personal anecdotes,literary references,and thought-provoking insights, Smith explores the complexities of joy and its relationship to happiness.”以及文章围绕Smith的文章展开分析与评论，属 于评论性文章。 第3讲 主旨大意题 高频考点·研析透 考点1：一二 三四B 考点2：一三最后一A 考点3：paragraph5五五C 模拟精练·提考能 A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了非洲 各港口将迎来一支独特的边境巡逻“队伍”一巨型老鼠。 1.B细节理解题。根据第一段中“Relying on their remarkable sense of smell,they are about to play a crucial role in the fight against illegal wildlife trade.”可知，巨型老鼠凭借其敏锐的嗅 觉成为边境巡逻的好选择。 2.A细节理解题。根据第三段中“Isabelle Szott,a behavioral ecologist,previously cooperated with the organization APOPO in Tanzania,which has successfully trained these rats for various tasks before,like detecting dangerous weapons and some 21 infectious diseases.”可知，这些老鼠以前进行过危险武器和传 染病的探测。 3.A细节理解题。根据第四段中“Szott's team carefully selected and trained 11 rats.In a specially-made training box in the laboratory,researchers placed different smell samples to teach the rats to identify the smells of poached animals.Each time a rat accurately detected the target smell and signaled,it received delicious food as a reward.”可知，只要识别出正确的味道，就 会得到食物的奖励。 4.D标题归纳题。根据第一段“Recently,African ports are expected to welcome a unique border-patrol(巡逻)‘team' Giant African Pouched Rats wearing small red vests.Relying on their remarkable sense of smell,they are about to play a crucial role in the fight against illegal wildlife trade.”可知，本文主要讲 述了非洲运用了巨型老鼠来打击非法野生动物贸易。D项 “打击野生动物走私的新力量”符合主题。 B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。社区青年主任邀5岁帕 特里克感恩节独唱，他起初害怕，最终自信演出，父亲感动见证。 5.A细节理解题。根据第一段“I was wondering if Patrick would sing The Power of Love during the service on Thanks-giving Day,'the community youth director asked in a message left on our answering machine.”可知，社区青年主任在留言中是想邀 请帕特里克去表演。 6.B细节理解题。根据第二段中“Patrick himself seemed less convinced.You know,Mom,'he said,'sometimes when I have to do something important,.I get kind of scared.'”可知，帕特里 克最初对这个消息的反应是不太自信。 7.D推理判断题。根据前文可知，帕特里克一开始害怕在众人 面前唱歌，但最后在感恩节仪式上自信地完成了独唱，表现非 常出色。父亲最后说“I have to cry,for nothing else but your singing.”并结合帕特里克克服恐惧完成演唱的过程，父亲的 意思是真正的美在于克服自己的恐惧。 8.D文章大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了作者的儿子 帕特里克接到在感恩节仪式上独唱的邀请，从一开始的害怕 到最后自信地完成演唱，作者见证了这一过程以及自己的感 受，所以文章主要是关于一位父亲见证儿子表演的经历。 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Janetti Francischi如何通过将废油转化为肥皂来帮助社区减少污染，并 将其推广给更多的人。 9.A词句猜测题。根据画线词后面“Francischi has not only made residents in her neighbourhood use the valuable products but also contributed to the environment by repurposing a common waste item”可知，Francischi让社区居民使用这些有价值的产 品，由此猜测她在社区分发自己做出来的产品。 10.D细节理解题。根据第三段中“Seeing the mess of used oil in the kitchen and heavy waste from community oil pollution, Francischi felt an urge to help her community to change the situation..”可知，rancischi看到厨房用过的油造成的混乱以 及社区油污染产生的大量垃圾，想要帮助社区改变这种状 况，所以是对污染的担忧促使她在家制作肥皂。 ll.B段落大意题。根据倒数第二段“Francischi tried the soap making process at her home.The first step was to extract the oil with a cloth to remove any residues ()..Then she poured it into a plastic container,and cut it hours later.”可知，这段主 要讲的是制作肥皂的过程。 12.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中“She designed four workshop sessions last summer to teach more people,where the participants were provided with all the materials.Francischi did this work as a volunteer.She hopes to continue with this project for the rest of her life.”可知，她去年夏天举办工作坊教更多 人制作肥皂，并希望余生继续这个项目。由此推知，未来她 可能会继续分享制作肥皂的方法。 D 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍宾夕法 尼亚州立大学团队研发的柔性机器人，包括其材料特性、技术挑 战、控制原理及应用前景。 13.A细节理解题。根据第二段中“Soft robotics,unlike traditional rigid robots,are made from flexible materials that copy the movement of living organisms.”可知，Cheng的机器人 与传统机器人的核心区别在于“材料”。 14.B推理判断题。根据第三段“‘Even though we designed the electronics to be flexible,their rigidity is still hundreds to thousands of times greater than the soft robotic material,'Cheng said.To overcome this,we distributed the electronics across the structure,reducing their impact on movement..,”可知，研 究人员将电子元件分布在机器人结构上是为了使机器人顺 畅移动。 l5.C推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘If we can make these robots even smaller,they could be injected into blood vessels ( to treat cardiovascular diseases or deliver medication directly to affected areas,Cheng said.'That would open up entirely new possibilities for non-invasive medical treatments.'”可知，Cheng 强调的是机器人的潜在应用前景。 16.D标题归纳题。通读全文，根据首段可知，宾夕法尼亚州立 大学研究人员正使用柔性电子元件与磁力控制运动技术相 结合开创这类可适应性机器人的研究先河，引出本文讲述的 话题“柔性机器人”，进而在下文介绍了其材料创新、技术突 破及在搜救和医疗等领域的前沿探索等，由此可知，全文主 要介绍的是一种“柔性机器人”，所以“柔性机器人：开拓新 领域”全面概括文章核心内容，适合作为最佳标题。 第4讲词句猜测题 高频考点·研析透 考点l:Eschewing B 考点2：paragraph4C 考点3：B 模拟精练·提考能 A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了 Russell Cassevah从小热爱乐高，成年后甚至创造了赤脚在乐高 积木上行走的世界纪录。之后，他决定用乐高做更有意义的事 -2】 情，创建了非营利组织Little Bricks Charity,致力于向全国的儿童 医院捐赠乐高积木，给住院儿童带去快乐。 1.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“he quit his day job and began traveling the country to deliver free Legos to children's hospitals through the nonprofit he created,Little Bricks Charity" 可知，Cassevah辞去了日常工作，开始通过他创建的非营利组 织Little Bricks Charity向儿童医院免费赠送乐高积木。因此， Little Bricks Charity的使命是给住院儿童赠送乐高积木。 2.B推理判断题。根据第四段中Hewit的妈妈Christen Sluyter 所说的话“You could tell that Cassevah really cared about the kids and was there to bring smiles and encouragement.It was wonderful to watch him and Hewitt building and laughing."可知， Cassevah非常关心孩子们，并给他们带去微笑和鼓励。因此， 可以推断出Cassevah是一个有爱心的人。 3.C词句猜测题。根据画线词前面的“More than anything,we laughed and had fun.Hewitt knew a lot about the bricks and even taught me a few things.”以及“My time with him reinforced my feeling that'm on the right path”可知，Hewitt知道很多关于乐 高的知识，甚至还教了Cassevah一些东西，因此与Hewitt在 起的时间加强了Cassevah觉得自己走在正确道路上的感觉。 4.D标题归纳题。文章主要讲述了Cassevah从小热爱乐高，成 年后创造了赤脚在乐高积木上行走的世界纪录，之后他决定 用乐高做更有意义的事情，于是辞去了工作，开始通过他创建 的非营利组织向儿童医院捐赠乐高积木。因此，D选项“Fom Walking on Legos to Donating Them”符合文章标题。 B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Nalin Kamat创立Little EGG Gallery为年轻艺术家提供展示机会的 故事。 5.C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“‘There was a void in the art world,and I thought it'd be really cool if I could provide the opportunity for more young artists,’says Nalin,nowI5.”可知， 为年轻艺术家提供机会的愿望驱使Nalin创办了Little EGG Gallery 6.B词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“Not long after opening, Ontario College of Art and Design University professor and artist David Griffin stumbled upon the gallery while taking a casual walk with his wife in their neighbourhood.”可知，David Griffin和妻子 在附近散步，推测他们是偶然发现了这个画廊。 7.D推理判断题。根据第一段中的“By the time Nalin Kamat was 13,the Toronto teen was well on his way to becoming a working artist.”以及第三段中的“With the support of his parents,Nalin founded in 2023 Little EGG Gallery,a commercial studio specially for underage artists.”可知，他l3岁就踏上了成 为一名职业艺术家的道路，并于2023年创办画廊为年轻艺术 家提供机会，由此可推知，Nalin Kamat是富有创造力和奉献精 神的。 8.A推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Upon meeting Nalin, Griffin says he understood that he was speaking with someone special:a strong young artist with a really excellent idea,which was to provide a space for showing the local community the easy, natural genius of young people'.”可知，David Griffin认为Nalin 72.023 第3讲主旨大意题 〈高频考点 研析透 主旨大意题考查考生对文章内容的深层次理解，它要求考生在充分理解全文的前提下，对整篇文章的主旨大 意有一个较为清晰的印象，既考查考生略读文章、领会大意的能力，也对考生的归纳、概括能力提出了较高的 要求。 考点」标题归纳题 ○辨明题类 标题归纳题要求考生在理解文章的基础上，结合文章的体裁和结构，从所给选项中选出适合文章的标题。 设问形式常有： (1)What is the best title for this passage? (2)What can be a suitable title for the passage/text? (3)Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? (4)The most suitable title of this passage is" 最佳标题应具备以下三大特征：①概括精准而简洁。②针对性强，标题外延与文章内容恰好相符。③醒目， 能引发读者阅读欲望。 ●技法点拨 1.一般文章的标题可根据主题句来判断，但在某些文章中，如记叙文，没有明确的主题句，需要根据文中的事 实细节，查找文章的“主线”，归纳出文章的主题。 2.所选文章标题须能概括全文的中心内容。标题是文章的点睛之笔，是文章的灵魂和门面。为吸引读者的 注意，标题往往比较醒目。 ●真题体验 (2025·全国Ⅱ卷·阅读理解C) When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants,she didn't have high hopes for it.But the opposite happened:She was flooded,shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone.In the past year,Detrinidad sent out more than 70,000 plants.Her success is just one example of increased time at home leading to an explosion in the houseplant industry. "Plants are in fashion right now,says Dr.Melinda Knuth,a researcher from the University of Florida."People who live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating,"she says."Adding more nature to our environment can change our mood and how we think."Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways but the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol,the stress hormone(in our body. "Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants," says Knuth."This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults.Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces." If you're among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants,don't beat yourself up if one (or a few!)doesn't make it."Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant.Tending to plants is an exercise in patience and learning.Be invested in taking care of it,but if it dies,go get another one,"Detrinidad says. 31.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Time to Replace Houseplants B.Plants Boost Your Mood C.Tips on Choosing Houseplants D.Plants Brighten Your Home 024 【解题示范】第一步：阅读文章，概括文章大意：文章主要通过Detrinidad的创业经历和专家研究，说明室内 植物对人们心理健康和工作效率的积极影响，以及近年来居家趋势推动了室内植物产业的发展。 第二步：分析各选项，进行斟酌判断，揣摩哪个选项能准确概括主旨：文章第 段以Detrinidad的成功 为例引出室内植物行业的兴起，第 段至第 段通过Knuth的研究说明植物能通过降低皮质醇水 平改善心情、提升生产率，第 段鼓励人们尝试养植物。全文核心围绕“植物对情绪和健康的积极影响” 展开。“Plants Boost Your Mood”最能概括文章主旨，适合作为文章的标题。故选 考点2文章大意题 ●辨明题类 文章大意题要求考生在理解全文的基础上，从文中提取有效信息，概括、归纳出文章的主旨大意、中心思想。 此类题目没有明显的解题依据，是对文章深层次的理解。 设问形式常有： (1)The general/main idea of the passage is (2)What is the main theme/topic/idea of this/the passage/text? (3)The passage/text is mainly about (4)What does the text/passage mainly focus on? (5)The passage mainly focuses on ●技法点拨 1,定位主题句确定文章大意 文章由段落组成，段落的中心思想服务于文章的中心思想，因此找到每个段落的主题句，总结概括后便不难 得出文章的主旨大意。 一般情况下，段落的主题句通常在该逻辑段落的首尾，但也有些难度较大的试题会隐含在段落之中，此时要 理解全文结构，找到支撑性细节内容。 以下为快速找到主题句的5个小窍门： (I)段落中出现表转折的词语(however,but,in fact,actually,while,on the contrary,in contrast等)时，其后 的句子通常为主题句。 (2)首段出现疑问句时，对该句的回答很可能就是主题句。 (3)作者有意识地反复强调的观点，通常是主旨；反复出现的词语，一般为体现文章主旨的关键词（主旨句通 常包含关键词)。 (4)首段出现具体例子或假设时，例子或假设后的内容通常为主题句。 (5)表示总结或结论的句子常包含therefore,in short,conclude,conclusion,thus等词。 2.根据不同文体的结构和写作方法来定位主题句 (1)议论文主要是论述作者的某个观点，往往采用“总一分”或“总一分一总”的模式，所以主题句常在第一段 或最后一段。 (2)说明文则是说明一个事物的用途或制作过程，主题句一般在首段。 (3)记叙文一般没有明显的主题句，需要根据文中叙述的内容和线索来概括文章大意，但是如果文章末段出 现说理性的句子，则这个句子为主题句。 ●真题体验 (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷·阅读理解C) We all know fresh is best when it comes to food.However,most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table.While farmer's markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm(BMF)shortens it even more. BMF is an indoor garden system.It can be set up for a family.Additionally,it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital,restaurant or school.The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens. Specifically,it's a farm that relies on new technology.By connecting through the Cloud,BMF is remotely monitored.Also,there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time.Because the system is automated,it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants.Rather than watering rows of soil,the system provides 025 just the right amount to each plant.After harvest,users simply replace the plants with a new pre-seeded pod()to get the next growth cycle started. Moreover,having a system in the same building where it's eaten means zero emissions()from transporting plants from soil to salad.In addition,there's no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment. BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives.About half of them walk or bike to work.Inside the office,they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic."We are passionate about reducing waste,carbon and chemicals in our environment,"said a BMF employee. 31.What does the text mainly talk about? A.BMF's major strengths. B.BMFs general management. C.BMF's global influence. D.BMF's technical standards. 【解题示范】第一步：阅读文章，确定段落主题句； 第二步：分析选项，斟酌判断：根据第段“While farmer's markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey,Babylon Micro-Fam(BMF)shortens it even more..”、第_段“By connecting through the Cloud,BMF is remotely monitored.Also,there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time.Because the system is automated,it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants.Rather than watering rows of soil,the system provides just the right amount to each plant.(通过云连接，对BMF进行远程监控。此外，还有一个方便的应 用程序可以实时提供不断增长的数据。由于该系统是自动化的，因此大大减少了种植植物所需的水量。该系统 不是给一排排土壤浇水，而是为每株植物提供合适的水量。)”以及 段“BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives.About half of them walk or bike to work.Inside the office,they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic.We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment,'said a BMF employee..”可知，文章主要介绍了巴比伦微农场(BMF)的 些主要优势，包括减少食物运输距离、通过云技术远程监控、自动化系统节约水资源、减少化学污染以及员工的环 保生活方式等。故选 考点3段落大意题 ●辨明题类 段落大意题主要考查文章某一段落的主要意思，是对一个段落的基本内容的简缩和概括。考生要用准确的、 简练的语言把一个段落的主要意思明确而完整地表达出来。设问形式常有： (1)What is the first paragraph mainly about? (2)What is Paragraph 1 mainly about? (3)What does the first paragraph mainly talk about? ●技法点拨 1.定位段落主题句，做到首尾兼顾 做题时要特别注意“首尾兼顾”，即所问段落的首句和尾句。一是因为它们往往体现主旨要义，二是因为利 用这些信息可以迅速提炼段落结构框架，在框架下判断主旨，其准确性更高。 2.通过暗示揣摩段落大意 有时，作者不直接写出主题句，而是通过情感态度等方法暗示性地体现主题，此时要根据文中所叙述的事实 和线索综合判断去揣摩并概括出段落大意。 ●真题体验 (2025·全国Ⅱ卷·阅读理解D) Does your soul die a little every time you throw away unused food?Mine does.Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa,where the phrase "there are children starving in Africa"was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time. Food waste is a growing concem in the restaurant,supermarket,and supply chain industries.From technological solutions to educational campaigns,food producers and sellers are looking for ways to use more of what we're already growing.But last month,one popular New York City restaurant tried a different way:It changed its menu to exclusively (offer food that would otherwise be thrown away. 026 For two weeks in March,Greenwich Village's Blue Hill restaurant was renamed wastED,and served items like fried skate cartilage,a juice pulp burger,and a dumpster diver's vegetable salad.Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness regarding food waste. A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for every 1,000 in revenue(),and of that waste only 15.7%is donated or recycled.Up to 84.3%is simply thrown out.Restaurants like Silo in the UK have experimented with zero-waste systems,but wastED took the concept to its logical conclusion. It should be noted that none of the items on wastED's menu was technically made from garbage.Instead,all the ingredients()used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving. Things like kale ribs,fish collars,rejected sweet potatoes,and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and,with the help of a number of good chefs,turned into excellent cuisine. Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews,it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment;Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu.Nevertheless,it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability,and that you can make an amazing meal out of almost anything. 34.What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A.Why the ingredients were used. B.Which dishes were best liked. C.What the dishes were made of. D.Where the ingredients were bought. 【解题示范】第一步：阅读题千，找出关键词： ,快速解题信息定位到文章的第 段 第二步：根据段落的内容，分析选项，判断概括准确的选项：根据第段“It should be noted that none of the items on wastED's menu was technically made from garbage.Instead,all the ingredients (used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving.Things like kale ribs,fish collars,rejected sweet potatoes,and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and,with the help of a number of good chefs,turned into excellent cuisine.(值得注意的是，从技术上讲，wastED的菜单上没有一项是由垃圾制成的。相反，所有使用的食 材都是大多数餐馆永远不会考虑供应的肉类部位和农产品。羽衣甘蓝茎、鱼颈肉、被挑拣的红薯和黄瓜蒂等东西 都被重新利用，在许多优秀厨师的助力下，变成了美味的菜肴。)”可知，本段主要介绍了wsED菜单上的菜品所 用的配料，如羽衣甘蓝茎、鱼颈肉、被挑拣的红薯和黄瓜蒂等，所以本段主要讲的是这些菜肴是由什么做成的。故 选 模拟精练 提考能 A (2025·云南省昆明市高三一模) Recently,African ports are expected to welcome a unique border-patrol()"team"-Giant African Pouched Rats wearing small red vests.Relying on their remarkable sense of smell,they are about to play a crucial role in the fight against illegal wildlife trade. In regions such as West Africa,the rich wildlife resources attract enormous tourists.However,poaching()and smuggling()activities are pushing some species to the danger of extinction.Poachers,driven by huge profits,either capture animals for the illegal pet trade or cruelly kill elephants,rhinos,etc.to obtain ivory and rhino homns.These precious items are then smuggled to other countries for sale,severely disturbing local biodiversity. Isabelle Szott,a behavioral ecologist,previously cooperated with the organization APOPO in Tanzania,which has successfully trained these rats for various tasks before,like detecting dangerous weapons and some infectious diseases. Given their excellent olfactory()ability,APOPO believes the rats also have great potential in port prevention and control. Szott's team carefully selected and trained 11 rats.In a specially-made training box in the laboratory,researchers placed different smell samples to teach the rats to identify the smells of poached animals.Each time a rat accurately detected the target smell and signaled,it received delicious food as a reward.After training,these rats can not only recognize the smells of elephant tusks,rhino horns and African blackwood,but also precisely distinguish them from 146 other smells. Lab training is just the first step.Some rats then underwent field drills in simulated warehouses and real ports.When these rats get too old to work,they will "retire"honorably and enjoy their remaining years surrounded by fruits, 027 vegetables,and dried fish.The involvement of Giant African Pouched Rats is expected to bring new hope to tackling wildlife poaching and smuggling. 1.Why are these rats a good choice for border-patrol? A.They are out of extinction. B.They are sensitive to the smell. C.They can maintain local biodiversity. D.They can distract poachers'attention. 2.What tasks have the African Pouched Rats been trained for before? A.Detecting threatening arms. B.Controlling wildlife products. C.Protecting tourists in West Africa. D.Identifying different kinds of fruits. 3.How did the researchers train the 11 rats in the laboratory? A.They satisfy the rats'appetite as bonus. B.They taught the rats to fit in the real fields. C.They let the rats play with different samples. D.They led the rats to track the poachers'smells. 4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A.New Hope Brought by APOPO for the Rats in Red Vests B.Measures Taken to Prevent Poaching and Smuggling C.The Remarkable Life of Giant African Pouched Rats D.A New Force in Fighting Wildlife Smuggling (2025·河北省沧州市高三二模) "I was wondering if Patrick would sing The Power of Love during the service on Thanks-giving Day,"the community youth director asked in a message left on our answering machine. My wife Catherine and I struggled to contain our excitement about our five-year-old son's first solo().Catherine carefully explained the possibility,reminding Patrick how beautifully he sang,telling him how much fun it would be. Patrick himself seemed less convinced."You know,Mom,he said,"sometimes when I have to do something important,I get kind of scared. Grown-ups feel that way,too,we told him,but the decision was left to him.He took only a few minutes."Okay," Patrick said."I'll do it."From the time he was a baby,Patrick has enjoyed an unusual passion for music.By age four, he could pound out several bars of Wagner's Ride of the Vallyries on the piano.Still,I could hardly imagine myself,at age five,singing into a microphone before hundreds of people.When Thanks-giving Day arrived,my expectations were limited. Catherine,our daughter Melanie and I sat in darkness as a spotlight found my son,standing alone at the microphone.He was dressed in white,with a pair of angel wings.Slowly,confidently,Patrick hit every note.As his voice washed over the people,he seemed a true angel.There was eternity (in Patrick's voice that night,a beauty rich enough to bring heavy tears to my eyes. His song was soon over,and at my side,Catherine brushed away tears and Melanie sobbed,too.Outside,I received congratulations from fellow community members.I found my son who looked at me with curiosity."You're crying？Why,Dad?” "I have to cry,for nothing else but your singing." Patrick smiled proudly and flew into my arms. “Idon't understand,”my son said into my shoulder,“But maybe you do have your reason to cry.” 5.What did the community youth director intend to do in the message? A.Invite Patrick to perform. B.Admire Patrick's singing skills. C.Enquire about a singing event. D.Decline Patrick's participation. 6.How did Patrick react to the news initially? A.He was over-excited. B.He was less confident. C.He showed no interest. D.He rejected the offer directly. 7.What does the father mean at last? A.Every cloud has a silver lining. B.The early bird catches the worm. C.Actions speak louder than words. D.True beauty lies in overcoming one's fears. 8.What is the text mainly about? A.A celebration for Thanks-giving Day. B.A family's selfless service at the community. C.A young boy's extraordinary talent for music. D.A father's experience of his son's performance. 028 (2025·贵州省毕节市高三一模】 Turning used cooking oil into pleasant smelling soap might sound like magic.But that's what Janetti Francischi has been doing since 2020.Dispensing the soap in her community,Francischi has not only made residents in her neighbourhood use the valuable products but also contributed to the environment by repurposing a common waste item. Inspired by her mother,who was a druggist,Francischi pursued a bachelor's degree in biomedical sciences and a master's degree in pharmacology()at the University of Sao Paulo.She also earned a PhD there.After 32 years as a professor at the Federal University of Minas Gerais,where she taught more than 5,000 students,Francischi retired in 2017. Seeing the mess of used oil in the kitchen and heavy waste from community oil pollution,Francischi felt an urge to help her community to change the situation.Based on what she had learnt,Francischi started producing bars of soap from used cooking oil. Francischi tried the soap-making process at her home.The first step was to extract the oil with a cloth to remove any residues(s残渣).After that,she heated water to near boiling point and added sodium hydroxide(氢氧化钠)，mixing it very well until they dissolved.Then,she added the cooking oil.This is the most challenging part because the mixture must be stirred with a stick for 40 minutes.To increase foaming and fragrance,she also added some washing powder. Then she poured it into a plastic container,and cut it hours later. Francischi collected cooking oil first from her family,friends and neighbors and later from small businesses,such as street food sellers.She distributed the soap in the community.People came,brought their bottles of oil and returned later for their soap.She also partnered with the non-governmental organization Seu Vizinho in a poor neighborhood where even basic items can be considered a luxury.She designed four workshop sessions last summer to teach more people,where the participants were provided with all the materials.Francischi did this work as a volunteer.She hopes to continue with this project for the rest of her life. 9.What does the word "dispensing"in paragraph I probably mean? A.Giving out. B.Taking in. C.Putting away. D.Using up. 10.What inspired Francischi to make soap at home? A.Her mother's influence. B.Her academic background. C.Her wish for new career. D.Her concern for pollution. 11.What is the last but one paragraph mainly about? A.The inspiration of recycling. B.The process of making soaps. C.The way of collecting oil. D.The plan of helping people. 12.What may Francischi do in the future? A.Do her design work. B.Develop new products. C.Share ways to make soap. D.Teach back to university. D (2025·河南省创新发展联盟高三三模)】 A tiny,soft,and flexible robot that can crawl through earthquake ruins to find trapped victims or travel inside the human body to deliver medicine may seem like science fiction,but an international team led by researchers at the Pennsylvania State University (Penn State)are pioneering such adaptable robots by integrating flexible electronics with magnetically(有磁力地)controlled motion. Soft robotics,unlike traditional rigid robots,are made from flexible materials that copy the movement of living organisms.This flexibility makes them ideal for navigating tight spaces,such as debris in a disaster zone or the complicated pathways of the human body.However,integrating sensors and electronics into these flexible systems has posed a significant challenge,according to Huanyu Cheng,Jr.Memorial Associate Professor of Engineering Science and Mechanics at Penn State. 029 "Even though we designed the electronics to be flexible,their rigidity is still hundreds to thousands of times greater than the soft robotic material,"Cheng said."To overcome this,we distributed the electronics across the structure, reducing their impact on movement. Another challenge was blocking unwanted electrical interference(电子千干扰)，which can disrupt how an electronic device or system works.This interference comes from outside sources,like other electronics or wireless signals.Such interference would prevent movement and affect sensor performance. Magnetic fields are crucial for controlling motion,but they can also disrupt electronic signals.Researchers had to carefully design the electronic layout to minimize these interactions,ensuring that the sensors remained functional even in the presence of strong magnetic fields. With the magnetic interference minimized,the robots can be guided remotely using electromagnetic fields. Additionally,integrated sensors allow them to react autonomously to environmental cues.In search-and-rescue,for example,they are smart enough to navigate by detecting heat or obstacles.In medical applications,they might respond to pH changes or pressure,ensuring precise drug delivery or accurate sample collection. "If we can make these robots even smaller,they could be injected into blood vessels(Il)to treat cardiovascular diseases or deliver medication directly to affected areas,"Cheng said."That would open up entirely new possibilities for non-invasive medical treatments." 13.In which aspect is Cheng's robot different from traditional ones? A.Its material. B.Its design. C.Its usage. D.Its structure 14.Why did researchers distribute flexible electronics across the robot's structure? A.To improve heat detection. B.To make robots move smoothly C.To reduce impact on robots. D.To enhance electromagnetic response. 15.What does Cheng stress about the robots in the last paragraph? A.Their drawback. B.Their feature. C.Their potential. D.Their popularity. 16.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Future of Medical Treatments B.Innovations in Disaster Rescue C.Challenges in Robotics Development D.Flexible Robots:Pioneering New Frontiers 第4讲 词句猜测题 〈高频吉点 研析透 词句猜测题旨在考查考生根据上下文推断单词、短语或句子的本意或外延含义的能力，既可以考查生词的意 义，也可以考查熟词的新意，还可以考查对替代词所替代内容的判断。在阅读理解文章中，常常有一些单词或短 语超出了考试大纲，但又没有附加注释，需要考生猜测词义才能准确理解文章。 考点」词语猜测题 ●辨明题类 词语猜测题是基本上每年必考的阅读理解题型。词义判断是一种阅读技巧和能力，主要考查考生在短时间 内根据上下文快速判断所指定的某一个生词或短语含义的能力，而这些词和词组往往都超出考纲范围，但在文章 阅读中起到一定的作用。 词语猜测题的命题方式有： (1)The underlined word "...in Paragraph...is closest in meaning to (2)What does the underlined word "..."probably mean? (3)The underlined word“..”could best be replaced by“ (4)Which of the following words can take the place of the word "..." (5)By saying“..”,the author means_ (6)"..."used in the passage can best be defined as