Unit 4 Natural disasters Discovering useful Structures 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

该高中英语课件核心围绕限制性定语从句展开，聚焦关系代词that、which、who、whom、whose的用法。课堂导入通过台风卡通形象及手机屏幕文字的“Watch and guess”活动，从形容词、数词等已知定语形式过渡到定语从句，搭建旧知到新知的学习支架，清晰呈现定义、结构及关系代词作用。 其亮点在于情境化与实践性结合，以台风等自然灾害为主题贯穿教学，通过观察分析例句总结关系代词使用规则（如先行词为人/物及从句成分决定代词选择），多样活动（猜灾害、完成短文）提升语言能力，小组讨论与分层作业（写信应用定语从句）培养思维品质与学习能力，总结表格直观清晰，助力教师高效教学，学生语言运用与思维能力双提升。

Discovering Useful Structures Restrictive Relative Clause(1) that, which, who, whom, whose That/which Who/whom Whose 1 Master the form of the restrictive relative clause(定语从句). Learning Objectives 1 2 Choose proper relative pronouns(关系代词) for relative clause. 3 Form the habit of independent learning and be willing to cooperate with the members in the group activity. Language ability 1 Master the form of the Attributive Clause(定语从句). Learning ability 2.Choose proper relative pronouns(关系代词)for Attributive Clause. Thinking quality 3. Form the habit of independent learning and be willing to cooperate with the members in the group activity. Cultural Cultural awareness: Master the definition, structure, and function of restrictive relative clauses. Correctly identify and use relative pronounsthat, which, who, whom, and whose. Specifically understand the usage of whose to show possession. Knowledge (知识目标):Learning Objectives Analyze sentences to discover grammar rules independently. Construct grammatically correct sentences using restrictive relative clauses. Apply relative clauses in oral and written descriptions of people and events. Skills (能力目标):Develop an appreciation for how precise language can enrich descriptions. Cultivate independent learning and problem- solving skills in grammar study. Foster a sense of social responsibility by being able to describe and discuss natural disasters effectively.Affective (情感目标): 2 Step1: Lead in: Watch and guess WHAT IT IS. typhoon What’s the function of terrible? The most terrible one in our hometown this year was Matmo during the National Day holiday. It brings strong winds and heavy rain. It broke ten windows in our classroom. The most terrible one in our hometown this year was Matmo during the National Day holiday. It may broke power lines which give us light. It's a huge storm that forms over the sea.  3 It brings strong winds and heavy rain. It broke ten windows in our classroom. Those who stayed here saw its terrible power. It broke power lines that bring us light. Q1: What’s the function of the underlined words? Q2: What can be used as an attribute? attribute 定语 形容词 数词 介词短语 名词 句子 the relative clause定语从句 Step 2: Observe & Discover Step1: lead in Look at the sentences from the video Activity1 observe and discover 4 在复合句中修饰___________的从句叫定语从句。 定语从句相当于一个形容词，意为_________。 Those who stayed here saw its great power. 那些留在这儿的人见识到了它的可怕威力。 It broke power lines that bring us light. 它可能会破坏给我们带来光亮的电线。 Step 2: Observe & Discover Q1: What is relative clause? Q2: What is the structure? Q3: What’s the functions of relative pronouns? 名词或代词 “.......的” ？ + ？ + ？ 从句 作用： 1.连接主句和从句 2.指代先行词 3.在定语从句中充当成分 关系词 先行词 discussion Step2: presentaion Definition: to modify the people and things we are talking about. Can you translate the sentence? What’s before the relative clause？ Structure ........subject is missing 1.定义：在复合句中修饰___________的从句叫定语从句。 定语从句相当于一个形容词，意为_________。被修饰的名词或代词叫______。______包括关系代词和关系副词。 2.位置：定语从句一般位于所修饰的____词或___词之后，故称作后置定语。 3.结构：定语从句的结构为_______ +________ +________。 4. 作用：关系词的作用是①_______定语从句；②代替__________; ③在定语从句中_____________。 5 The typhoon that/which hit Hepu last month was very strong.  There are some safety rules (that/which) we must follow during a typhoon. People who/that live near the sea often suffer from typhoons. The volunteers (who/that/whom) we respect are heroes. A family whose house was damaged received timely help. We saw a tree whose branches were broken in the typhoon. Step3: Perceive & Clarify: the usage of relative pronouns. discussion 2. We should prepare supplies which can last for some days before a typhoon.（which指代supplies，作主语） 7. The scientist who studies weather warned us about the typhoon in advance.（who指代scientist，作主语）  For people there are people 1. ______ love sunny days. Summer is fun for them. Second, there are people. Their homes were destroyed by a big typhoon. → These are people 2. ______ homes were destroyed. The typhoon 3. ______ hit the city was very strong. The floods 4. ______ the typhoon caused were serious. We must help the people. The disaster hurt these people the most. → We must help the people 5. ______ the disaster affected most. Everyone 6. ______ lives near the sea should learn from this disaster. 6 The typhoon that/which hit Hepu last month was very strong.  There are some safety rules (that/which) we must follow during a typhoon. Step3: Perceive & Clarify: the usage of relative pronouns. Rule1: 当先行词是 （人/物）时，由句___知，从句缺主语，关系代词用 ； 由句___知，从句缺宾语时，用_____________。 物 which/that (which/that) ① ② 7 People who/that live near the sea often suffer from typhoons. The volunteers (who/that/whom) we respect are heroes. Step3: Perceive & Clarify: the usage of relative pronouns. Rule 2: 当先行词是___（人/物）时，由句___知，从句缺主语时，关系代词用 ； 由句___知，从句缺宾语时，用_________________。 人 who/that (who/whom/that) ③ ④ ②There are some safety rules (that/which) we must follow during a typhoon. ④The volunteers (who/that/whom) we respect are heroes. Step3: Perceive & Clarify: the usage of relative pronouns. Rule 3:由句②、④知，关系代词在定语从句中做 语时，可省略 宾 A family whose house was damaged received timely help. We saw a tree whose branches were broken in the typhoon. Step3: Perceive & Clarify: the usage of relative pronouns. Rule4：_______在从句中做定语，既可以修饰_____也可以修饰____，表示_____关系。 物 whose 人 所属 10 The typhoon that/which hit Hepu last month was very strong.  There are some safety rules (that/which) we must follow during a typhoon. People who/that live near the sea often suffer from typhoons. The volunteers (who/that/whom) we respect are heroes. A family whose house was damaged received timely help. We saw a tree whose branches were broken in the typhoon. Step3: Perceive & Clarify: the usage of relative pronouns. Rule5：由Rule1~Rule4知，关系代词的选择取决于两个因素：________和________________。 先行词 从句所缺的成分 what determins the usage of relative pronous？ two factors It depends on the antecedent and the missing part in the clause. 2. We should prepare supplies which can last for some days before a typhoon.（which指代supplies，作主语） 7. The scientist who studies weather warned us about the typhoon in advance.（who指代scientist，作主语）  For people there are people 1. ______ love sunny days. Summer is fun for them. Second, there are people. Their homes were destroyed by a big typhoon. → These are people 2. ______ homes were destroyed. The typhoon 3. ______ hit the city was very strong. The floods 4. ______ the typhoon caused were serious. We must help the people. The disaster hurt these people the most. → We must help the people 5. ______ the disaster affected most. Everyone 6. ______ lives near the sea should learn from this disaster. 11 1. For people ___ love the sun, summer is a time of fun. 2. For people ____ _homes were destroyed by typhoon Matmo, that summer was a time of great sadness. 3. The typhoon __________ hit the city yesterday is heading north. 4. The floods ____________ the typhoon caused were serious. 5. We must help the people _________________ the disaster affected(影响) most. 6. Villagers _____ lives near the sea should learn from this disaster. Step4: Apply & Consolidate Activity1: Fill in the blanks with proper relative pronouns. which/that (who/whom/that) whose (which/that) who who discussion Activity2: Guess what kind of natural disaster it is. Step4: Apply & Consolidate Winner: the group with most correct guesses. It often happens in mountainous areas that often get heavy rain. The mud and rocks that slide can bury houses and roads. People who want to stop it can plant trees on hills. It is a big wave that is caused by an earthquake under the sea. Huge water which hits the coast can destroy towns. People who live near the ocean should go to high ground.  It is a sudden shaking that happens in the ground. The shake that it makes can ruin buildings. People who are inside can hide under a table which is strong. 13 14  It is a sudden shaking that happens in the ground. The shake which it makes can ruin buildings. Activity2: Guess what kind of natural disaster it is. Step4: Apply and consolidate earthquake 15 It is a big wave that is caused by an earthquake under the sea. People who live near the ocean should go to high ground. Activity2: Guess what kind of natural disaster it is. tsunami Step4: Apply & Consolidate 17 It often happens in mountainous areas that often get heavy rain. The mud and rocks that slide can bury houses and roads. Activity2: Guess what kind of natural disaster it is. Step4: Apply & Consolidate landslide People who want to stop it can plant trees on hills. People try to prevent it by planting trees whose roots(根) hold the soil. 19 It is a long period which has little or no rain. The crops(庄稼) that need water cannot grow. Activity2: Guess what kind of natural disaster it is. Step4: Apply & Consolidate drought 21 It is a big fire that burns forests. It spreads in areas which are hot and dry. Activity2: Guess what kind of natural disaster it is. Step4: Apply & Consolidate wildfire 23 It happens in places that have active volcanoes. People who live close may need to run away. Activity2: Guess what kind of natural disaster it is. Step4: Apply & Consolidate Volcanic Eruption 25 It is a strong wind which carries thick dust. The sand that flies makes it hard to see. People whose eyes are not protected may feel pain. Activity2: Guess what kind of natural disaster it is. Step4: Apply & Consolidate sandstorm People who go outside should cover their face. 27 Activity3: Complete the sentences, using an attributive clause. Step4: Apply & Consolidate He is a boy ______________________ Who, whom, that, whose black hair, be dressed in, relay race, outgoing, shy, friendly, helpful, kind, handsome, be good at, math, physics,… Activity3: Complete the sentences, using an attributive clause. Step4: Apply & Consolidate This is our school_____________________________ Which, that, whose Trees, teacher & student, old buildings, environment, beautiful, clean, comfortable, excellent, 120-year-old, in the southwest of LianZhou…. Step4: Apply & Consolidate A typhoon is a powerful storm 1. ________ forms over the warm ocean. It is a giant weather system 2. _________ can be hundreds of kilometers wide. People 3. ________ live in coastal areas need to be very careful. The news 4. _________ the weather reporters give helps everyone to prepare. The heavy rain 5. _________ a typhoon brings often causes flooding. The strong wind 6. _______ speed can break windows, is the most dangerous part. We should always stay in a safe place where there are no windows. Luckily, scientists now have tools 7. ________ can predict the typhoon's path. This is information 8. _________ can save many lives. Activity4: Complete the passage, using relative pronouns. that/which that/which who/that (that/which) (that/which) whose that/which that/which Step 6: Summary 关系代词 所修饰的先行词 在从句中所作的成分 who 人 whom 人 whose 人/物 主语 宾语 宾语 which 物 that 人或物 主语 宾语 主语 宾语 定语 Disasters have no mercy, but humans do. In the future, be a scientist who develops early warning systems… be an architect … builds resilient buildings… be a doctor…masters… be a warm person… shares… 31 1. Must do: Finish the exercise on P52 2.Choose to do: 假设你是李华，你的朋友Tom生活在滨海城市，该地区春夏季台风频繁。你曾在台风中被困，深知防台风的重要性。请你给Tom写一封信，内容包括： 1.你在台风中的经历； 2. 防台风的建议。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 尽可能多地使用定语从句。 Transfer & Create Step 7: Homework Dear Tom， I'm writing to offer you some advice on how to deal with typhoons，which are frequent in your coastal city. I still remember the typhoon that struck my hometown last year，which caused great damage to the area.The strong wind blew down many trees and damaged lots of buildings.During the typhoon，I was trapped in my house，which was surrounded by water.It was a terrifying experience. To avoid such disasters，you should take the following measures.First，you should stay indoors during the typhoon，which is the safest place.Second，you should keep an eye on the weather forecast，which can help you know the typhoon's path and strength.Third，you should prepare some necessary supplies，such as food，water，and candles，which can be used in case of power failure. I hope my advice will be helpful to you. Yours， Li Hua compulsory obtional 32 Thank you for your attention! Lavf58.12.100 miaojian Lavf58.12.100 miaojian $