精品解析：江苏连云港市灌南县2025-2026学年度高一第一学期期末学业水平质量监测英语试题

2025-2026学年度高一第一学期期末学业水平质量监测英语试题 注意事项 1.本试卷共10页，满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。 2.答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、考试号等用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在答题卡的规定位置。 3.作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑;如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。作答非选择题，必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效。 第二部分 阅读(共20小题 每小题2.5分 满分50分) A Part of STEM learning is seeing and doing, and then recording and analyzing the results. But not all online or homeschool programs are set up to accommodate science experiments or other STEM learning activities. Let’s take a look at a few mind-blowing labs that can help bring STEM topics alive for your child’s online school experience. Weather Laboratories To make learning about weather accessible and fun the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) created a lot of informative weather activities and virtual labs they recommend for students and educators. In fact, their weather science content for kids features a Weather Lab application that allows middle school students to predict weather patterns, and learn what happens when ocean currents and air masses interact. Simulations (模拟) for Science and Math It is a project of the University of Colorado Boulder and one of the richest single databases of online science interactives and virtual labs. Investigate more than 150 physics, chemistry, math, biology, and Earth science topics. Available in dozens of languages, the interactives are searchable by grade level, subject, and accessibility. Space Exploration Simulations The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) features many STEM learning activities for students in grades K-12. The interactive simulations are also gamified and make learning engaging and fun for your child. The app allows users to explore the universe and unlock stories of trailblazing scientists and their contributions to space exploration and science. 1. Who are the intended readers? A. Parents. B. Students. C. Teachers. D. Researchers. 2 What makes Simulations for Science and Math different from the other labs? A. It covers the most subjects. B. It has a translation centre. C. It offers gamified learning experiences. D. It provides multiple tools for recording. 3. What do all the three labs have in common? A. They centre on problem solving skills. B. They facilitate advanced scientific research. C. They provide virtual scientific exploration. D. They help students with STEM projects from school. B One quiet afternoon in France in her working place, wood crafting (木制工艺) artist Hua Yong found herself watching water boil. Without thinking, she reached for her phone and looked at the screen again. At that very moment, she realized how much modern life is controlled by speed. “We are completely caught up by the quick speed of life,” she said. “It’s becoming harder to find time to relax among our daily mess of life.” Hua Yong, the 2024 receiver of the Hand of Wisdom prize, a China-France crafts exchange program, spent two months in Paris last year, which allowed her to think deeply about the act of creation. She started trying simple shapes with straight lines and angles, doing them many times to make visual (视觉的) effects that seemed to go past time and space. “I thought about how to make something new from nothing, and used the highest standards of traditional Chinese skills to bring these ideas to life,” she said. “Wood crafting requires a lot of time,” she said. Her show Changing the World in Silence at Yishu8, a place for art in Beijing, was the most meaningful part of a year’s deep thought. Running until mid-June, the show has 25 pieces of artwork, 11 of which were made after her stay in Paris. Among the works was a vortex-shaped (旋涡状的) table, which drew the viewer’s mind into another world. “We hope all the artworks here quietly stay with the viewers, giving their minds a short break and a moment of relaxation,” described Hua. “She has long worked with traditional Chinese materials and kept thinking,” said Su Dan, the art leader of Hand of Wisdom, watching Hua’s change since her return. “Works made in such deep thought become perfect models of designing ideas: They may last only for a short time in our daily life, but remain forever in our mind.” 4. What is the purpose of the first paragraph? A. To show the artist’s skill in wood crafting. B. To explain the artist’s mess of life in detail. C. To describe the artist’s working environment. D. To introduce the artist’s idea about modern life. 5. How did Hua Yong’s experience in Paris influence her creation? A. It won her the Hand of Wisdom prize. B. It offered her thoughts on Chinese skills. C. It changed her understanding of creation. D. It gave her some simple shapes to work with. 6. Why was “a vortex- shaped table” included in her show at Yishu 8? A. To test viewers’ interest in wooden art. B. To show the highest standards of skills. C. To make it remain forever in viewers’ mind. D. To give viewers’ minds a getaway from daily life. 7. What can we learn from Su Dan’s words about Hua Yong’s artworks? A. They do not last for a long time. B. They require too much time to make. C. They provide perfect models for viewers. D. They leave a lasting impression on viewers. C People casually describe themselves as people-pleasers as they might describe their hair color or music preference. However, people-pleasing can be a very real mental health problem, often associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) (强迫症). Approval-seeking behavior is self-injurious by nature. To satisfy this obsession, we must be inauthentic (不真实的) and reduced versions of ourselves, overly vigilant of the preferences of others. Essentially, our main compulsion is avoidance of causing distress in others. Few things make me shake more than a confrontation (对抗). I see this behavior as a response to my childhood, which was filled with intense fear. My single parent had weekly moments of being angry and abusive. I learned early on that my safety depended on my mother’s view of me. So I began to predict what my mother wanted me to do and say. By the time I was in middle school, over-apologizing and shifting my personality to please others became firmly established in my social behavior. For most adult people-pleasers, including me, it feels natural to cling on to (依赖) the comfort of agreeability. Even with my own children, I give up my own authority. I recently noticed that when I say the word “no,” my voice strikes an uncomfortable register. I challenge and displease my clients, but only because it is demanded for effective treatment. People-pleasing is clearly holding me back; but what makes me cling on? I am starting to realize that I am avoiding the uncertainty of people’s reactions. When I am universally agreeable, I rarely have to go outside my comfort zone in interpersonal dynamics. Authentic interactivity with others requires taking a risk. Displeased people are stressful. So the key seems to be exposure. The more interactions I experience where I am not pleasing others, the more comfort I gain with this dynamic. As I practice saying “no,” my voice will naturally deepen. Confidence will come with repetition. Yes, people’s negative reactions are uncertain, but not dangerous. The less I people-please, the more I will welcome growth into my interpersonal relationships. The challenge of others is, in fact, a joyous opportunity. 8. What does the underlined word “vigilant” in the first paragraph mean? A. Tired. B. Fond. C. Uncertain. D. Mindful. 9. Why does the author mention her childhood? A. To justify her approval-seeking behavior. B. To offer an example of people-pleasing behavior. C. To explain the reason for her people-pleasing behavior. D To stress the effect of family education on one’s social behavior. 10. What prevents the author from getting rid of people-pleasing? A. Her dislike of her authentic self. B. Her fear of facing displeased people. C. Her ignorance of interpersonal dynamics. D. Her misunderstanding of the comfort zone. 11. What does the author suggest to deal with people-pleasing? A. Practice authenticity. B. Interact more with others. C. Ignore people’s negative reactions. D. Seek comfort from existing relationships. D The effects of high altitude (海拔) on the human body could protect against obesity (肥胖), according to a study of more than 4 million children across Colombia. The findings support the theory that low oxygen levels drive increased energy consumption, though prior evidence comes mainly from adults. To understand the potential impact on children, Lizcano Losada at the University of La Sabana analysed data on 4.16 million children aged up to 5 years old from 1123 cities. The children were separated into four groups relating to the height above sea level at which they lived: up to 1000 metres, 1001 to 2000 metres, 2001 to 3000 metres or above 3000 metres. In the two lower-altitude regions, around 80 out of every 10,000 children had obesity. However, at altitudes of 2001 to 3000 metres, the prevalence (发生率) of obesity fell to 40 in 10,000. At altitudes above 3000 metres, the prevalence was higher again: 86 out of 10,000. However, the team says this may be a statistical accident, as this data set included fewer cities and children than the other three altitude ranges. “That’s a fair comment,” says David Stensel at Loughborough University. But he also emphasises the study is observational, so it doesn’t prove high altitude prevents obesity. “They’ve tried to make sure they’ve adjusted for the other potential influencing factors,” he says. These include measures of poverty and low income. But “you can’t account for everything”, says Stensel. Assuming high altitude really does make obesity less likely, Stensel says it isn’t clear how this knowledge could be of practical use in reducing the condition. However, Losada argues the findings support the creation of geographically tailored public health strategies. He suggests further studies are needed to better understand the biological pathways linking altitude to childhood obesity, which could lead to more precise health advice for different regions. 12. What was the analysis in Losada’s study mainly based on? A. Grouped data. B. Sample size. C. Children’s age. D. City type. 13. What is the team’s view on the unexpected result of the study? A. It’s a definite trend. B. It’s a chance occurrence. C. It’s a misleading signal. D. It’s a measurement error. 14. What does the author try to illustrate by mentioning Stensel in paragraph 4? A The importance of health knowledge. B. The necessity of actionable strategies. C. The limitation of the research method. D. The complexity of the influencing factors. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Altitude’s Role in Childhood Weight B. Less Oxygen, Healthier Children? C. A New Approach to Fighting Obesity D. Why the Weight Gap in Colombia? E Sleep is not just a passive activity; it’s an important process that affects every aspect of a teenager’s life. ____16____ Research shows that teens who get enough sleep - typically 8-10hours nightly-perform better in study, have reduced mood swings and stress, and even lower the risk of sports injuries. Not enough sleep can lead to serious health results, especially for developing minds and bodies. During deep sleep, the brain strengthens memories and processes information learned during the day, increasing neural connections that are key to keeping new knowledge. This is why staying up all night before exams often has the opposite effects. ____17____ Many factors contribute to poor sleep in teenagers, from busy schedules to body changes. ____18____ The blue light produced by smartphones, tablets, and laptops makes it harder to fall asleep and reduces sleep quality. Experts recommend turning off screens at least one hour before bedtime and keeping devices out of the bedroom to create a clearer separation between daytime activity and sleep. Creating a sleep-friendly environment is equally important for improving sleep habits. Keeping the bedroom cool, dark, and quiet, helps set the stage for restful sleep. Developing a regular bedtime habit also tells the body that it’s time to relax. ____19____ Remember, regular exercise promotes deeper sleep, but it’s best done earlier in the day as exercising too close to bedtime can have the opposite effect. ____20____ By creating a sleep-friendly environment, avoiding factors that influence sleep and engaging in regular exercise, teenagers can significantly improve their sleep quality and lead a healthier and more productive life. A. Diet also plays a key role in sleep quality. B. Electronic products are among the biggest causes. C. It’s the foundation for both mental and physical health. D. Their body clocks naturally change during the teenage years. E. This could include reading a book or practicing light exercises. F. In conclusion, enough sleep is of greatest importance for teenagers. G. The brain loses its chance to organize and store the material properly. 第三部分 语言运用(共2节 满分45分)(共15小题 每小题1分 满分15分) A few years ago, I stood underneath a red overhanging cliff near my hometown, Carbondale, Colorado. The scenery was ____21____. Elk (驼鹿) chewed on the brown grasses by the river below. A hawk rode the wind. I was tied in, ready to climb. I was ____22____ to do a tough route for the first time. “Onsight” (首次攀登), as we call it, means I didn’t know where I was climbing to. It would be hard for me to onsight a difficult route. You need focus. No ____23____. Just as I was about to climb, ____24____ in my body, which I hadn’t felt yet, said hello. That was not good for any athlete. Amused, I painted a coat of confidence on my inner walls of doubt to ease my tension. I ____25____ myself at the top, celebrating. “You can do this,” I firmly told myself. “If you believe, success is for sure.” It didn’t work. I fell near the top. Defeated, I lowered myself to the ground and realized powerfully that the too strong desire to climb the route had ____26____ me from doing it. My self-worth was closely ____27____ at that unnatural moment with my success or failure, and that ____28____ a chain of reaction: unnatural desire, pressure, performance anxiety. I had just climbed with a mind fascinated with the top but a body struggling below with irregular and unnatural movement. I told myself that on my next attempt, success or failure didn’t ____29____. “Make one move at a time. That’s all.” I gave myself a pass from whatever would happen. Case closed, it ____30____. I floated to the top with grace, clarity and contentment. That moment got me thinking, and then researching. At some point, I framed this experience ____31____ simple mathematics: When I added determination, self-confidence, desire, I ____32____; when I took away the desire for success, my body moved with greater ____33____ and I improved. I enjoyed it more as well, which, as an athlete of 30 years, I didn’t think was ____34____. I discovered the ____35____ of subtraction (减法). 21. A. challenging B. depressing C. breathtaking D. astonishing 22. A. attempting B. training C. managing D. promising 23. A. hesitation B. distraction C. equipment D. engagement 24. A. desire B. motivation C. passion D. nerves 25. A. pictured B. realized C. supposed D. dreamed 26. A. sheltered B. rescued C. discouraged D. banned 27. A. equipped B. connected C. contrasted D. decorated 28. A. looked up B. looked through C. brought up D. brought about 29. A. strike B. mind C. matter D. occur 30. A. hit B. worked C. admitted D. interrupted 31. A. in terms of B. in charge of C. in place of D. in response to 32. A. changed B. failed C. envied D. evaluated 33. A. flow B. inflexibility C. strength D. naturalness 34. A. professional B. significant C. possible D. admirable 35. A. strength B. trick C. resource D. power 第二节 (共2节 满分30分) A 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 This year marks the 80th anniversary of China’s victory in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. The 14-year struggle began on July 7, 1937, ____36____ Japan started the Lugou Bridge Incident. Today the bridge still stands, ____37____ (witness) both the past and China’s journey toward ____38____ brighter future. Built in the Jin Dynasty, the bridge crosses the Yongding River. It ____39____ (repair) many times in the Ming and Qing dynasties after floods. Now it is 266.5 meters long and 7.5 meters wide, with 10 piers (桥墩) and 11 arches. Triangular iron pillars (三角铁柱) on each pier protect it from floods and ice. What ____40____ (true) fires the imagination are the bridge’s lifelike stone lions, ____41____ are of different sizes and in various postures added in different dynasties from Jin to Qing. For generations, ____42____ (local) have said the lions are “uncountable” and modern technology finally helped record a total of 501 lions. The bridge is also famous for its beautiful natural views. Since the Jin Dynasty, “The Moon Over the Lugou Bridge at Dawn” has been known ____43____ one of ancient Beijing’s eight great scenic spots. Marco Polo once praised the bridge was “so wonderful that few others in the world can match it.” Today, it is not just a great building, but also a cultural symbol and a ____44____ (remind) of peace. Whether you are a history lover, an architecture fan, or simply looking for a quiet place to think about the past, Lugou Bridge gives you a unique opportunity ____45____ (connect) with Beijing’s lasting spirit. B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As one of China’s oldest art forms, shadow puppetry (皮影戏) has a history of more than 2,200 years. It ____46____ (use) light to project figures onto a screen, creating a charming artistic experience. In 2011, Chinese shadow puppetry ____47____ (add) into the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity (《联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录》), and Xiaoyi city in Shanxi province is recognized ____48____ an important birthplace. “The Xiaoyi shadow puppetry is one of the cultural ____49____ (treasure) of the Chinese people,” said Hou Jianchuan, ____50____64-year-old practitioner (从业者) from Xiaoyi. “I’m focusing on protecting and ____51____ (bring) new life to this ancient art form.” ____52____ (spread) Xiaoyi shadow puppetry worldwide, Hou creatively integrates (融合)music from Chinese movies and Western dramas into Chinese traditional stories to enable Western audiences to connect with shadow puppetry through music ____53____ they have already known. This has been ____54____ (wide) welcomed and has been seen as an important symbol of cross-cultural exchange. With the opening of the Xiaoyi Shadow Puppetry Museum and the inclusion of this art form in local schools, shadow puppetry has been achieving _____55_____ (popular) in the area. 第四部分 写作(满分25分) 56. 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter来信说，他因拒绝让好友抄作业与对方闹僵，两人多日不说话。他既烦恼又不知如何处理，特向你求助。请你写一封回信。内容包括： 1. 表达理解与安慰； 2. 给出具体的建议。 注意： 1. 词数80字左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 Dear Peter, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年度高一第一学期期末学业水平质量监测英语试题 注意事项 1.本试卷共10页，满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。 2.答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、考试号等用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在答题卡的规定位置。 3.作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑;如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。作答非选择题，必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效。 第二部分 阅读(共20小题 每小题2.5分 满分50分) A Part of STEM learning is seeing and doing, and then recording and analyzing the results. But not all online or homeschool programs are set up to accommodate science experiments or other STEM learning activities. Let’s take a look at a few mind-blowing labs that can help bring STEM topics alive for your child’s online school experience. Weather Laboratories To make learning about weather accessible and fun, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) created a lot of informative weather activities and virtual labs they recommend for students and educators. In fact, their weather science content for kids features a Weather Lab application that allows middle school students to predict weather patterns, and learn what happens when ocean currents and air masses interact. Simulations (模拟) for Science and Math It is a project of the University of Colorado Boulder and one of the richest single databases of online science interactives and virtual labs. Investigate more than 150 physics, chemistry, math, biology, and Earth science topics. Available in dozens of languages, the interactives are searchable by grade level, subject, and accessibility. Space Exploration Simulations The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) features many STEM learning activities for students in grades K-12. The interactive simulations are also gamified and make learning engaging and fun for your child. The app allows users to explore the universe and unlock stories of trailblazing scientists and their contributions to space exploration and science. 1. Who are the intended readers? A. Parents. B. Students. C. Teachers. D. Researchers. 2. What makes Simulations for Science and Math different from the other labs? A. It covers the most subjects. B. It has a translation centre. C. It offers gamified learning experiences. D. It provides multiple tools for recording. 3. What do all the three labs have in common? A. They centre on problem solving skills. B. They facilitate advanced scientific research. C. They provide virtual scientific exploration. D. They help students with STEM projects from school. 【答案】1. A 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用。文章主要介绍了一些能让孩子在线学习 STEM 课程时更生动有趣的实验室，包括气象实验室、科学与数学模拟实验室、太空探索模拟实验室。 【1题详解】 推理判断题、根据第一段“But not all online or homeschool programs are set up to accommodate science experiments or other STEM learning activities. Let’s take a look at a few mind-blowing labs that can help bring STEM topics alive for your child’s online school experience.(但并不是所有的在线或家庭学校课程都是为了适应科学实验或其他STEM学习活动而设置的。让我们来看看一些令人兴奋的实验室，它们可以帮助您的孩子在在线学校体验中活跃STEM主题)”可知，文章介绍这些实验室是为了孩子的在线学习，所以目标读者是家长，故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Simulations (模拟) for Science and Math中的“It is a project of the University of Colorado Boulder and one of the richest single databases of online science interactives and virtual labs. Investigate more than 150 physics, chemistry, math, biology, and Earth science topics. Available in dozens of languages, the interactives are searchable by grade level, subject, and accessibility. (它是科罗拉多大学博尔德分校的一个项目，也是在线科学互动和虚拟实验室最丰富的单一数据库之一。调查超过150个物理、化学、数学、生物和地球科学主题。有几十种语言版本，可以根据年级、科目和可访问性进行搜索)”可知，科学和数学模拟涵盖多个学科，而其他实验室未提及如此广泛的学科范围。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Weather Laboratories中的“To make learning about weather accessible and fun,the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) created a huh of informative weather activities and virtual labs they recommend for students and educators. In fact, their weather science content for kids features a Weather Lab application that allows middle school students to predict weather patterns, and learn what happens when ocean currents and air masses interact.(为了让了解天气变得更容易、更有趣，美国国家海洋和大气管理局（NOAA）为学生和教育工作者推荐了一系列信息丰富的天气活动和虚拟实验室。事实上，他们的儿童天气科学内容以一个天气实验室应用程序为特色，该应用程序允许中学生预测天气模式，并了解当洋流和气团相互作用时会发生什么)”可知，气象实验室有虚拟实验室让学生预测天气模式；Simulations (模拟) for Science and Math“It is a project of the University of Colorado Boulder and one of the richest single databases of online science interactives and virtual labs.(它是科罗拉多大学博尔德分校的一个项目，也是在线科学互动和虚拟实验室最丰富的单一数据库之一)”可知，科学和数学模拟是在线科学互动和虚拟实验室数据库；Space Exploration Simulations中的“The interactive simulations are also gamified and make learning engaging and fun for your child.(互动模拟，也游戏化，使学习参与和乐趣为您的孩子)”可知，太空探索模拟实验室有互动模拟，让用户探索宇宙。综上所述，它们都提供了虚拟科学探索。故选C。 B One quiet afternoon in France in her working place, wood crafting (木制工艺) artist Hua Yong found herself watching water boil. Without thinking, she reached for her phone and looked at the screen again. At that very moment, she realized how much modern life is controlled by speed. “We are completely caught up by the quick speed of life,” she said. “It’s becoming harder to find time to relax among our daily mess of life.” Hua Yong, the 2024 receiver of the Hand of Wisdom prize, a China-France crafts exchange program, spent two months in Paris last year, which allowed her to think deeply about the act of creation. She started trying simple shapes with straight lines and angles, doing them many times to make visual (视觉的) effects that seemed to go past time and space. “I thought about how to make something new from nothing, and used the highest standards of traditional Chinese skills to bring these ideas to life,” she said. “Wood crafting requires a lot of time,” she said. Her show Changing the World in Silence at Yishu8, a place for art in Beijing, was the most meaningful part of a year’s deep thought. Running until mid-June, the show has 25 pieces of artwork, 11 of which were made after her stay in Paris. Among the works was a vortex-shaped (旋涡状的) table, which drew the viewer’s mind into another world. “We hope all the artworks here quietly stay with the viewers, giving their minds a short break and a moment of relaxation,” described Hua. “She has long worked with traditional Chinese materials and kept thinking,” said Su Dan, the art leader of Hand of Wisdom, watching Hua’s change since her return. “Works made in such deep thought become perfect models of designing ideas: They may last only for a short time in our daily life, but remain forever in our mind.” 4. What is the purpose of the first paragraph? A. To show the artist’s skill in wood crafting. B. To explain the artist’s mess of life in detail. C. To describe the artist’s working environment. D. To introduce the artist’s idea about modern life. 5. How did Hua Yong’s experience in Paris influence her creation? A. It won her the Hand of Wisdom prize. B. It offered her thoughts on Chinese skills. C. It changed her understanding of creation. D. It gave her some simple shapes to work with. 6. Why was “a vortex- shaped table” included in her show at Yishu 8? A. To test viewers’ interest in wooden art. B. To show the highest standards of skills. C. To make it remain forever in viewers’ mind. D. To give viewers’ minds a getaway from daily life. 7. What can we learn from Su Dan’s words about Hua Yong’s artworks? A. They do not last for a long time. B. They require too much time to make. C. They provide perfect models for viewers. D. They leave a lasting impression on viewers. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. D 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了木制工艺艺术家华雍在巴黎的经历对她创作的影响以及她作品的展示和意义。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“One quiet afternoon in France in her working place, wood crafting (木制工艺) artist Hua Yong found herself watching water boil. Without thinking, she reached for her phone and looked at the screen again. At that very moment, she realized how much modern life is controlled by speed. “We are completely caught up by the quick speed of life,” she said. “It’s becoming harder to find time to relax among our daily mess of life.”(在法国一个宁静的午后，华雍在她的工作场所——一处木制工艺创作地，发现自己正看着水烧开。她不假思索地伸手又看向手机屏幕。就在那一刻，她意识到现代生活受速度的掌控程度有多深。“我们完全被生活的快节奏裹挟了，”她说道，“在日常生活的一团乱麻中，要找到放松的时间正变得越来越难。”)”可知，第一段的目的是介绍艺术家对现代生活的看法。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Hua Yong, the 2024 receiver of the Hand of Wisdom prize, a China-France crafts exchange program, spent two months in Paris last year, which allowed her to think deeply about the act of creation.(华雍是2024年“智慧之手”奖（中法工艺交流项目）的获得者，去年在巴黎待了两个月，这让她对创作行为进行了深入思考。)”可知，华雍在巴黎的经历改变了她对创作的理解。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Among the works was a vortex-shaped (旋涡状的) table, which drew the viewer’s mind into another world. “We hope all the artworks here quietly stay with the viewers, giving their minds a short break and a moment of relaxation,” described Hua.(其中有一件漩涡形状的桌子，将观众的思想引入另一个世界。“我们希望这里的所有艺术品都能静静地陪伴着观众，让他们的思想得到短暂的休息和放松，”华雍描述道。)”可知，在展览中加入“漩涡形桌子”是为了让观众的思想从日常生活中解脱出来。故选D。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段““She has long worked with traditional Chinese materials and kept thinking,” said Su Dan, the art leader of Hand of Wisdom, watching Hua’s change since her return. “Works made in such deep thought become perfect models of designing ideas: They may last only for a short time in our daily life, but remain forever in our mind.”(“她长期使用中国传统材料，并不断思考，”智慧之手的艺术负责人苏丹说，他观察着华雍回国后的变化。“经过如此深入思考的作品成为设计理念的完美典范：它们可能只在我们日常生活中存在很短的时间，但却永远留在我们的脑海中。”)”可知，从苏丹关于华雍艺术作品的话中我们可以了解到它们给观众留下了持久的印象。故选D。 C People casually describe themselves as people-pleasers as they might describe their hair color or music preference. However, people-pleasing can be a very real mental health problem, often associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) (强迫症). Approval-seeking behavior is self-injurious by nature. To satisfy this obsession, we must be inauthentic (不真实的) and reduced versions of ourselves, overly vigilant of the preferences of others. Essentially, our main compulsion is avoidance of causing distress in others. Few things make me shake more than a confrontation (对抗). I see this behavior as a response to my childhood, which was filled with intense fear. My single parent had weekly moments of being angry and abusive. I learned early on that my safety depended on my mother’s view of me. So I began to predict what my mother wanted me to do and say. By the time I was in middle school, over-apologizing and shifting my personality to please others became firmly established in my social behavior. For most adult people-pleasers, including me, it feels natural to cling on to (依赖) the comfort of agreeability. Even with my own children, I give up my own authority. I recently noticed that when I say the word “no,” my voice strikes an uncomfortable register. I challenge and displease my clients, but only because it is demanded for effective treatment. People-pleasing is clearly holding me back; but what makes me cling on? I am starting to realize that I am avoiding the uncertainty of people’s reactions. When I am universally agreeable, I rarely have to go outside my comfort zone in interpersonal dynamics. Authentic interactivity with others requires taking a risk. Displeased people are stressful. So the key seems to be exposure. The more interactions I experience where I am not pleasing others, the more comfort I gain with this dynamic. As I practice saying “no,” my voice will naturally deepen. Confidence will come with repetition. Yes, people’s negative reactions are uncertain, but not dangerous. The less I people-please, the more I will welcome growth into my interpersonal relationships. The challenge of others is, in fact, a joyous opportunity. 8. What does the underlined word “vigilant” in the first paragraph mean? A. Tired. B. Fond. C. Uncertain. D. Mindful. 9. Why does the author mention her childhood? A. To justify her approval-seeking behavior. B. To offer an example of people-pleasing behavior. C. To explain the reason for her people-pleasing behavior. D. To stress the effect of family education on one’s social behavior. 10. What prevents the author from getting rid of people-pleasing? A. Her dislike of her authentic self. B. Her fear of facing displeased people. C. Her ignorance of interpersonal dynamics. D. Her misunderstanding of the comfort zone. 11. What does the author suggest to deal with people-pleasing? A. Practice authenticity. B. Interact more with others. C. Ignore people’s negative reactions. D. Seek comfort from existing relationships. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了取悦他人这一行为背后的心理原因及其影响，并提出了应对策略。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段“To satisfy this obsession, we must be inauthentic and reduced versions of ourselves, overly vigilant of the preferences of others.(为了满足这种执念，我们不得不压抑真实的自我，活成一个“缩水版”的自己，还得时刻高度______他人的喜好。)”可知，讨好型人格的人为了迎合他人，会时刻留意他人的喜好。由此可知，vigilant意为“留意的”。故选D。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“I see this behavior as a response to my childhood, which was filled with intense fear. My single parent had weekly moments of being angry and abusive. I learned early on that my safety depended on my mother’s view of me. So I began to predict what my mother wanted me to do and say.(我认为这种讨好行为源于我那段充满极度恐惧的童年。我的单亲母亲每周都会有几次发怒、谩骂的时刻。我很小就意识到，自己能否平安度日，全取决于母亲对我的看法。于是，我开始揣测母亲希望我做什么、说什么。)”可知，作者提到她的童年是为了解释她取悦他人的行为的原因。故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“People-pleasing is clearly holding me back; but what makes me cling on? I am starting to realize that I am avoiding the uncertainty of people’s reactions. When I am universally agreeable, I rarely have to go outside my comfort zone in interpersonal dynamics. Authentic interactivity with others requires taking a risk. Displeased people are stressful.(讨好型人格显然在阻碍我的发展，但究竟是什么让我难以摆脱它呢？我渐渐意识到，我是在逃避他人反应的不确定性。当我一味迎合所有人时，在人际交往中就几乎不用走出自己的舒适区。与他人进行真诚的互动，本身就需要承担风险。面对那些面露不悦的人，我总会感到压力重重。)”可知，难以摆脱讨好型人格，是因为害怕面对他人反应的不确定性，以及他人不悦时给自己带来的压力。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“So the key seems to be exposure. The more interactions I experience where I am not pleasing others, the more comfort I gain with this dynamic. As I practice saying “no,” my voice will naturally deepen. Confidence will come with repetition. (因此，解决问题的关键似乎在于主动尝试。我经历的拒绝讨好他人的互动越多，就越能适应这种相处模式。当我反复练习说 “不” 时，语气自然会变得坚定有力。自信会在一次次的练习中逐渐建立。)”可知，作者提出解决方法是“exposure”，也就是主动尝试不讨好他人的互动，练习说 “不”。这些做法的核心都是展现真实的自我。故选A。 D The effects of high altitude (海拔) on the human body could protect against obesity (肥胖), according to a study of more than 4 million children across Colombia. The findings support the theory that low oxygen levels drive increased energy consumption, though prior evidence comes mainly from adults. To understand the potential impact on children, Lizcano Losada at the University of La Sabana analysed data on 4.16 million children aged up to 5 years old from 1123 cities. The children were separated into four groups relating to the height above sea level at which they lived: up to 1000 metres, 1001 to 2000 metres, 2001 to 3000 metres or above 3000 metres. In the two lower-altitude regions, around 80 out of every 10,000 children had obesity. However, at altitudes of 2001 to 3000 metres, the prevalence (发生率) of obesity fell to 40 in 10,000. At altitudes above 3000 metres, the prevalence was higher again: 86 out of 10,000. However, the team says this may be a statistical accident, as this data set included fewer cities and children than the other three altitude ranges. “That’s a fair comment,” says David Stensel at Loughborough University. But he also emphasises the study is observational, so it doesn’t prove high altitude prevents obesity. “They’ve tried to make sure they’ve adjusted for the other potential influencing factors,” he says. These include measures of poverty and low income. But “you can’t account for everything”, says Stensel. Assuming high altitude really does make obesity less likely, Stensel says it isn’t clear how this knowledge could be of practical use in reducing the condition. However, Losada argues the findings support the creation of geographically tailored public health strategies. He suggests further studies are needed to better understand the biological pathways linking altitude to childhood obesity, which could lead to more precise health advice for different regions. 12. What was the analysis in Losada’s study mainly based on? A. Grouped data. B. Sample size. C Children’s age. D. City type. 13. What is the team’s view on the unexpected result of the study? A. It’s a definite trend. B It’s a chance occurrence. C. It’s a misleading signal. D. It’s a measurement error. 14. What does the author try to illustrate by mentioning Stensel in paragraph 4? A. The importance of health knowledge. B The necessity of actionable strategies. C. The limitation of the research method. D. The complexity of the influencing factors. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Altitude’s Role in Childhood Weight B. Less Oxygen, Healthier Children? C. A New Approach to Fighting Obesity D. Why the Weight Gap in Colombia? 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一项关于高海拔对儿童肥胖影响的研究及相关观点与探讨。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The children were separated into four groups relating to the height above sea level at which they lived: up to 1000 metres, 1001 to 2000 metres, 2001 to 3000 metres or above 3000 metres. (研究人员根据孩子们居住的海拔高度将他们分为四组：海拔1000米及以下、1001至2000米、2001至3000米以及3000 米以上。)”可知，洛萨达的研究分析主要基于分组数据。故选A项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“At altitudes above 3000 metres, the prevalence was higher again: 86 out of 10,000. However, the team says this may be a statistical accident, as this data set included fewer cities and children than the other three altitude ranges. (在海拔3000米以上的地区，肥胖发生率又有所上升，达到万分之八十六。然而，研究团队表示这可能是一个统计偶然，因为该数据集包含的城市和儿童数量少于其他三个海拔区间。)”可知，研究团队认为这个意外结果是偶然发生的。故选B项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“But he also emphasises the study is observational, so it doesn’t prove high altitude prevents obesity. (但他也强调，这项研究是观察性的，因此并不能证明高海拔可以预防肥胖。)”以及“But “you can’t account for everything”, says Stensel. (但是“你不可能考虑到所有因素”，斯滕塞说。)”可知，作者提及斯滕塞尔是为了说明该研究方法存在局限性。故选C项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段中的“The effects of high altitude (海拔) on the human body could protect against obesity (肥胖), according to a study of more than 4 million children across Colombia. (一项针对哥伦比亚400多万名儿童开展的研究显示，高海拔对人体产生的影响或可预防肥胖。)”可知，文章围绕一项关于不同海拔高度与儿童肥胖发生率关系的研究展开，介绍了研究结果、相关质疑以及后续研究建议，核心是探讨海拔对儿童体重的影响。A项“海拔对儿童体重的影响”概括文章主旨，可以作为最佳标题。故选A项。 E Sleep is not just a passive activity; it’s an important process that affects every aspect of a teenager’s life. ____16____ Research shows that teens who get enough sleep - typically 8-10hours nightly-perform better in study, have reduced mood swings and stress, and even lower the risk of sports injuries. Not enough sleep can lead to serious health results, especially for developing minds and bodies. During deep sleep, the brain strengthens memories and processes information learned during the day, increasing neural connections that are key to keeping new knowledge. This is why staying up all night before exams often has the opposite effects. ____17____ Many factors contribute to poor sleep in teenagers, from busy schedules to body changes. ____18____ The blue light produced by smartphones, tablets, and laptops makes it harder to fall asleep and reduces sleep quality. Experts recommend turning off screens at least one hour before bedtime and keeping devices out of the bedroom to create a clearer separation between daytime activity and sleep. Creating a sleep-friendly environment is equally important for improving sleep habits. Keeping the bedroom cool, dark, and quiet, helps set the stage for restful sleep. Developing a regular bedtime habit also tells the body that it’s time to relax. ____19____ Remember, regular exercise promotes deeper sleep, but it’s best done earlier in the day as exercising too close to bedtime can have the opposite effect. ____20____ By creating a sleep-friendly environment, avoiding factors that influence sleep and engaging in regular exercise, teenagers can significantly improve their sleep quality and lead a healthier and more productive life. A Diet also plays a key role in sleep quality. B. Electronic products are among the biggest causes. C. It’s the foundation for both mental and physical health. D. Their body clocks naturally change during the teenage years. E. This could include reading a book or practicing light exercises. F. In conclusion, enough sleep is of greatest importance for teenagers. G. The brain loses its chance to organize and store the material properly. 【答案】16. C 17. G 18. B 19. E 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了睡眠对青少年身心健康至关重要，充足睡眠有益学习、情绪等，睡眠不足影响记忆，电子产品是主要影响因素，可通过优化睡眠环境等方式改善睡眠质量。 【16题详解】 前文“Sleep is not just a passive activity; it’s an important process that affects every aspect of a teenager’s life.( 睡眠不仅仅是一种被动的活动；这是一个影响青少年生活方方面面的重要过程。)”点明“睡眠是影响青少年生活各方面的重要过程”，后文“Research shows that teens who get enough sleep - typically 8-10hours nightly-perform better in study, have reduced mood swings and stress, and even lower the risk of sports injuries.( 研究表明，睡眠充足的青少年——通常每晚8-10小时——在学习上表现更好，情绪波动和压力减少，甚至运动受伤的风险也更低。)”通过研究数据说明“充足睡眠对学习、情绪、健康的积极作用”，空格需起到“总起下文，强调睡眠核心价值”的作用。C项“It’s the foundation for both mental and physical health.( 它是身心健康的基础。)”中“It”指代前文“sleep”，“foundation for both mental and physical health”（身心健康的基础）直接呼应后文“perform better in study, reduced mood swings, lower injury risk”等具体益处，衔接自然。故选C项。 【17题详解】 前文“During deep sleep, the brain strengthens memories and processes information learned during the day, increasing neural connections that are key to keeping new knowledge. This is why staying up all night before exams often has the opposite effects.( 在深度睡眠期间，大脑加强记忆和处理白天学到的信息，增加神经连接，这是保持新知识的关键。这就是为什么考试前熬夜通常会产生相反的效果。)”提到“深度睡眠时大脑强化记忆、处理信息”，并指出 “考前熬夜适得其反”，空格需解释“熬夜为何效果差”，即大脑失去整理存储知识的机会。G项“The brain loses its chance to organize and store the material properly.( 大脑失去了正确组织和储存信息的机会。)”中“The brain”承接前文“the brain strengthens memories and processes information”，“loses its chance to organize and store the material”直接回应“考前熬夜的负面影响”，逻辑通顺。故选G项。 【18题详解】 前文“Many factors contribute to poor sleep in teenagers, from busy schedules to body changes.( 很多因素导致青少年睡眠不足，从繁忙的日程安排到身体变化。)”提出“多种因素导致青少年睡眠差”，后文“The blue light produced by smartphones, tablets, and laptops makes it harder to fall asleep and reduces sleep quality.( 智能手机、平板电脑和笔记本电脑发出的蓝光会让人更难入睡，降低睡眠质量。)”具体说明“电子产品的蓝光影响入睡和睡眠质量”，空格需引出“电子产品这一关键因素”。B项“Electronic products are among the biggest causes.( 电子产品是主要原因之一。)”直接衔接后文对蓝光危害的描述，构成 “总述因素→具体解释”的逻辑。故选B项。 【19题详解】 前文“Developing a regular bedtime habit also tells the body that it’s time to relax.( 养成规律的就寝习惯也会告诉身体是时候放松了。)”提到“养成规律的睡前习惯能让身体放松”，空格需举例说明“具体的睡前习惯”。E项“This could include reading a book or practicing light exercises.( 这可以包括读一本书或做一些轻松的练习。)”中“This”指代前文“regular bedtime habit”，“reading a book or practicing light exercises”（读书或做轻度运动）是典型的健康睡前习惯，符合语境。故选E项。 【20题详解】 后文“By creating a sleep-friendly environment, avoiding factors that influence sleep and engaging in regular exercise, teenagers can significantly improve their sleep quality and lead a healthier and more productive life.( 通过创造一个有利于睡眠的环境，避免影响睡眠的因素，经常锻炼，青少年可以显著提高他们的睡眠质量，过上更健康、更有成效的生活。)”通过“创造睡眠环境、避开干扰因素、规律运动”等具体建议，总结“青少年如何改善睡眠”，空格需起到“总结全文，重申充足睡眠的重要性”的作用。F项“In conclusion, enough sleep is of greatest importance for teenagers.( 总之，充足的睡眠对青少年来说是最重要的。)”明确体现总结功能，“enough sleep is of greatest importance for teenagers”呼应文章开头“睡眠对青少年的重要性”，并引出后文改善睡眠的具体方法，首尾呼应。故选F项。 第三部分 语言运用(共2节 满分45分)(共15小题 每小题1分 满分15分) A few years ago, I stood underneath a red overhanging cliff near my hometown, Carbondale, Colorado. The scenery was ____21____. Elk (驼鹿) chewed on the brown grasses by the river below. A hawk rode the wind. I was tied in, ready to climb. I was ____22____ to do a tough route for the first time. “Onsight” (首次攀登), as we call it, means I didn’t know where I was climbing to. It would be hard for me to onsight a difficult route. You need focus. No ____23____. Just as I was about to climb, ____24____ in my body, which I hadn’t felt yet, said hello. That was not good for any athlete. Amused, I painted a coat of confidence on my inner walls of doubt to ease my tension. I ____25____ myself at the top, celebrating. “You can do this,” I firmly told myself. “If you believe, success is for sure.” It didn’t work. I fell near the top. Defeated, I lowered myself to the ground and realized powerfully that the too strong desire to climb the route had ____26____ me from doing it. My self-worth was closely ____27____ at that unnatural moment with my success or failure, and that ____28____ a chain of reaction: unnatural desire, pressure, performance anxiety. I had just climbed with a mind fascinated with the top but a body struggling below with irregular and unnatural movement. I told myself that on my next attempt, success or failure didn’t ____29____. “Make one move at a time. That’s all.” I gave myself a pass from whatever would happen. Case closed, it ____30____. I floated to the top with grace, clarity and contentment. That moment got me thinking, and then researching. At some point, I framed this experience ____31____ simple mathematics: When I added determination, self-confidence, desire, I ____32____; when I took away the desire for success, my body moved with greater ____33____ and I improved. I enjoyed it more as well, which, as an athlete of 30 years, I didn’t think was ____34____. I discovered the ____35____ of subtraction (减法). 21. A. challenging B. depressing C. breathtaking D. astonishing 22. A. attempting B. training C. managing D. promising 23. A. hesitation B. distraction C. equipment D. engagement 24. A. desire B. motivation C. passion D. nerves 25. A. pictured B. realized C. supposed D. dreamed 26. A. sheltered B. rescued C. discouraged D. banned 27. A. equipped B. connected C. contrasted D. decorated 28. A. looked up B. looked through C. brought up D. brought about 29. A. strike B. mind C. matter D. occur 30. A. hit B. worked C. admitted D. interrupted 31. A. in terms of B. in charge of C. in place of D. in response to 32. A. changed B. failed C. envied D. evaluated 33. A. flow B. inflexibility C. strength D. naturalness 34. A. professional B. significant C. possible D. admirable 35. A. strength B. trick C. resource D. power 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者一次攀岩的经历，从中领悟到“减法”的力量。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：风景美得令人窒息。A. challenging有挑战性的；B. depressing令人沮丧的；C. breathtaking美得令人窒息的；D. astonishing令人惊讶的。根据下文“Elk (驼鹿) chewed on the brown grasses by the river below. A hawk rode the wind.”可知，驼鹿在下面河边嚼着褐色的草，一只鹰乘风而行，所以此处表示风景美得令人窒息。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我第一次尝试一条艰难的路线。A. attempting尝试；B. training训练；C. managing管理；D. promising承诺。根据下文“to do a tough route for the first time”和““Onsight” (首次攀登), as we call it”可知，作者第一次攀登这条艰难的路线，所以这是尝试。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不要分心。A. hesitation犹豫；B. distraction分心；C. equipment装备；D. engagement参与。根据上文“You need focus.”可知，高度集中注意力，因此“不能分心”。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：正当我准备攀爬时，我身体里的紧张感冒了出来，这是我之前从未感受过的。A. desire渴望；B. motivation动机；C. passion热情；D. nerves紧张。根据下文“I painted a coat of confidence on my inner walls of doubt to ease my tension”可知，下文描写缓解紧张的措施，此处表示身体里的紧张感出现了。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在脑海中想象自己站在山顶庆祝。A. pictured想象；B. realized意识到；C. supposed假设；D. dreamed梦想。根据下文“myself at the top, celebrating. “You can do this,” I firmly told myself. “If you believe, success is for sure.””和“I fell near the top. Defeated”可知，作者是在通过“想象成功后的场景”给自己打气。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我沮丧地降到地面，强烈意识到对攀登这条路线的过度渴望阻碍了我成功。A. sheltered庇护；B. rescued营救；C. discouraged阻止；D. banned禁止。根据下文“I had just climbed with a mind fascinated with the top but a body struggling below with irregular and unnatural movement.”可知，刚才攀登时，作者心里满是对山顶的执念，而身体却在下方挣扎，动作既不规律又僵硬别扭，所以此处表示过于强烈的攀登路线的欲望阻止了作者的成功。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那种不自然的时刻，我的自我价值与我的成功或失败紧密相连，这引发了一系列的反应：不自然的欲望、压力、表现焦虑。A. equipped装备；B. connected连接；C. contrasted对比；D. decorated装饰。根据上文“My self-worth was closely”和下文“with my success or failure”可知，作者将自我价值与成败绑定，才产生了负面效果。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. looked up查阅；B. looked through浏览；C. brought up抚养；D. brought about引发。根据下文“a chain of reaction: unnatural desire, pressure, performance anxiety”可知，“自我价值与成败绑定”这一情况导致了后续的负面情绪。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我告诉自己，下一次尝试时，成功或失败并不重要。A. strike打击；B. mind介意；C. matter重要；D. occur发生。根据下文“Make one move at a time. That’s all.”可知，一次只做一个动作，仅此而已，作者不再关注结果，而是专注过程，因此“成败不重要”，matter表示“重要”，符合语境。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：就这样，它奏效了。A. hit打击；B. worked起作用，奏效；C. admitted承认；D. interrupted打断。根据下文“I floated to the top with grace, clarity and contentment.”可知，作者调整心态后成功了，即之前的自我暗示“起作用了，奏效了”。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：在某种程度上，我用简单的数学来诠释这段经历：当我加上决心、自信和欲望时，我失败了；当我去掉对成功的渴望时，我的身体移动得更加自然，我进步了。A. in terms of用……的方式诠释，从……角度；B. in charge of负责；C. in place of代替；D. in response to回应。根据上文“I framed this experience”和下文“simple mathematics”可知，作者用“加法、减法”的数学概念来解释自己的经历。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在某种程度上，我用简单的数学来诠释这段经历：当我加上决心、自信和欲望时，我失败了；当我去掉对成功的渴望时，我的身体移动得更加自然，我进步了。A. changed改变；B. failed失败；C. envied嫉妒；D. evaluated评估。根据上文“When I added determination, self-confidence, desire, I”和下文“when I took away the desire for success, my body moved with greater ____ and I improved”可知，当作者去掉对成功的渴望时，作者进步了，所以此处表示当作者加上决心、自信和欲望时，作者失败了。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. flow流畅；B. inflexibility不灵活；C. strength力量；D. naturalness自然。根据上文 “my body struggling below with irregular and unnatural movement” 、“when I took away the desire for success, my body moved with greater”和下文“I improved”可知，第一次失败是因为动作“不自然”，而调整心态后动作变得“更自然”，naturalness与上文unnatural形成对比。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我也更喜欢它了，作为一个有30年运动生涯的运动员，我认为这是不可能的。A. professional专业的；B. significant重要的；C. possible可能的；D. admirable令人钦佩的。根据上文“as an athlete of 30 years”以及作者之前一直很看重成功或失败可推测，作者认为去掉对成功的渴望后更喜欢运动了是不可能的。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现了减法的力量。A. strength力量；B. trick诡计；C. resource资源；D. power权力。根据上文“when I took away the desire for success, my body moved with greater ____ and I improved.”、“I discovered the”以及下文“of subtraction”可知，作者通过去掉对成功的渴望，反而取得了成功，因此发现了减法的力量。故选D。 第二节 (共2节 满分30分) A 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 This year marks the 80th anniversary of China’s victory in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. The 14-year struggle began on July 7, 1937, ____36____ Japan started the Lugou Bridge Incident. Today the bridge still stands, ____37____ (witness) both the past and China’s journey toward ____38____ brighter future. Built in the Jin Dynasty, the bridge crosses the Yongding River. It ____39____ (repair) many times in the Ming and Qing dynasties after floods. Now it is 266.5 meters long and 7.5 meters wide, with 10 piers (桥墩) and 11 arches. Triangular iron pillars (三角铁柱) on each pier protect it from floods and ice. What ____40____ (true) fires the imagination are the bridge’s lifelike stone lions, ____41____ are of different sizes and in various postures added in different dynasties from Jin to Qing. For generations, ____42____ (local) have said the lions are “uncountable” and modern technology finally helped record a total of 501 lions. The bridge is also famous for its beautiful natural views. Since the Jin Dynasty, “The Moon Over the Lugou Bridge at Dawn” has been known ____43____ one of ancient Beijing’s eight great scenic spots. Marco Polo once praised the bridge was “so wonderful that few others in the world can match it.” Today, it is not just a great building, but also a cultural symbol and a ____44____ (remind) of peace. Whether you are a history lover, an architecture fan, or simply looking for a quiet place to think about the past, Lugou Bridge gives you a unique opportunity ____45____ (connect) with Beijing’s lasting spirit. 【答案】36. when 37. witnessing 38. a 39. was repaired 40. truly 41. which 42. locals 43. as 44. reminder 45. to connect 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文纪念中国抗日战争胜利80周年，介绍了卢沟桥的历史背景、建筑特色、文化象征意义以及其美丽的自然景观。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这场长达14年的抗争始于 1937年7月7日，当日日本发动了卢沟桥事变。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词July 7, 1937，且在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，这座桥依然屹立不倒，见证着往昔的岁月，也见证着中国迈向一个更加光明未来的奋进征程。句子谓语动词是stands，空处作非谓语动词，witness与其逻辑主语bridge之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。故填witnessing。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意同上。此处泛指“一个更光明的未来”，且brighter发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 39题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：明清时期，它在洪水过后历经了多次修缮。空处为句子的谓语，根据时间状语in the Ming and Qing dynasties可知，句子应用一般过去时，repair和主语it之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语是单数，be动词应用was。故填was repaired。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：真正令人浮想联翩的，是桥上栩栩如生的石狮子，这些石狮大小不一、姿态各异，是从金朝到清朝不同朝代陆续增补而成的。空处修饰动词fires，应用副词形式truly作状语。故填truly。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词lions，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 【42题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：世世代代以来，当地人都称这些狮子“数不清”，而现代技术最终助力统计出石狮的总数为501尊。空处作主语，需填名词，local为可数名词，结合助动词have可知，使用名词复数形式。故填locals。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：自金朝起，“卢沟晓月”就作为燕京八景之一而闻名。be known as是固定短语，意为“作为……而著名”。故填as。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：时至今日，它不仅是一座宏伟的建筑，更是一个文化符号，一个和平的象征。不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词，空处需填名词reminder“提醒物”。故填reminder。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：无论你是历史爱好者、建筑迷，还是只想寻觅一处静谧之地回望历史，卢沟桥都能为你提供一个独特的契机，去触摸北京一脉相承的城市精神。opportunity后常接动词不定式形式作后置定语。故填to connect。 B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As one of China’s oldest art forms, shadow puppetry (皮影戏) has a history of more than 2,200 years. It ____46____ (use) light to project figures onto a screen, creating a charming artistic experience. In 2011, Chinese shadow puppetry ____47____ (add) into the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity (《联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录》), and Xiaoyi city in Shanxi province is recognized ____48____ an important birthplace. “The Xiaoyi shadow puppetry is one of the cultural ____49____ (treasure) of the Chinese people,” said Hou Jianchuan, ____50____64-year-old practitioner (从业者) from Xiaoyi. “I’m focusing on protecting and ____51____ (bring) new life to this ancient art form.” ____52____ (spread) Xiaoyi shadow puppetry worldwide, Hou creatively integrates (融合)music from Chinese movies and Western dramas into Chinese traditional stories to enable Western audiences to connect with shadow puppetry through music ____53____ they have already known. This has been ____54____ (wide) welcomed and has been seen as an important symbol of cross-cultural exchange. With the opening of the Xiaoyi Shadow Puppetry Museum and the inclusion of this art form in local schools, shadow puppetry has been achieving _____55_____ (popular) in the area. 【答案】46. uses 47. was added 48. as 49. treasures 50. a 51. bringing 52. To spread 53. that##which 54. widely 55. popularity 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了中国皮影戏有2200余年历史，2011年入选非遗名录，山西孝义是重要发源地。从业者侯建川创新融合中外音乐推广，博物馆及校园纳入让这一古艺重获流行度。 【46题详解】 考查时态。句意：它利用光线将图像投射到屏幕上，营造出一种迷人的艺术氛围。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为It，谓语用三单形式。故填uses。 【47题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：2011年，中国皮影戏被列入联合国教科文组织“人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录”，而山西省的孝义市被认定为这一艺术形式的重要发源地。主语Chinese shadow puppetry与谓语构成被动关系，结合上文In 2011可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was added。 【48题详解】 考查介词。句意：2011年，中国皮影戏被列入联合国教科文组织“人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录”，而山西省的孝义市被认定为这一艺术形式的重要发源地。短语be recognized as表示“被认为是……”。故填as。 【49题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：“孝义皮影戏是中华民族的文化瑰宝之一。”来自孝义的 64 岁从业者侯建川说道。此处为one of+名词复数结构，故填treasures。 【50题详解】 考查冠词。句意：“孝义皮影戏是中华民族的文化瑰宝之一。”来自孝义的 64 岁从业者侯建川说道。此处practitioner为泛指，且64-year-old是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 【51题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：“我正致力于保护并弘扬这种古老的艺术形式，使其焕发出新的生机。”作介词的宾语，用动名词形式。故填bringing。 【52题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了将孝义皮影戏推广到世界各地，侯先生创造性地将中国电影和西方戏剧中的音乐融入到中国传统故事中，以便让西方观众通过他们已经熟悉的音乐来与皮影戏产生联系。此处spread作目的状语用不定式，首字母大写。故填To spread。 【53题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：为了将孝义皮影戏推广到世界各地，侯先生创造性地将中国电影和西方戏剧中的音乐融入到中国传统故事中，以便让西方观众通过他们已经熟悉的音乐来与皮影戏产生联系。定语从句修饰先行词music，在从句作宾语，指物。故填that/which。 【54题详解】 考查副词。句意：这受到了广泛欢迎，并被视为跨文化交流的重要象征。修饰动词welcomed用副词widely。故填widely。 【55题详解】 考查名词。句意：随着孝义皮影戏博物馆的开放以及这一艺术形式被纳入当地学校课程，皮影戏在该地区逐渐受到了人们的喜爱。作动词的宾语，用名词popularity。故填popularity。 第四部分 写作(满分25分) 56. 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter来信说，他因拒绝让好友抄作业与对方闹僵，两人多日不说话。他既烦恼又不知如何处理，特向你求助。请你写一封回信。内容包括： 1. 表达理解与安慰； 2. 给出具体的建议。 注意： 1. 词数80字左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 Dear Peter, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】范文： Dear Peter, I know you’re upset and I understand how you feel. It’s kind of you to stick to your principle, and what you did is right because copying homework won’t help your friend learn. Here are some suggestions. First, you can send him a short message to explain why you refused, telling him that you care about his study and want to help him with difficult problems. Second, if he’s still upset, you can invite him to a coffee and talk face to face, which might make things clearer. I hope you two can make up soon and your friendship will become stronger. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国朋友Peter写一封回信，就其因拒绝好友抄作业而闹僵一事给出理解安慰与具体建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 原则：principle → rule 帮助：help → assist 建议：suggestion → proposal 解释：explain → clarify 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：First, you can send him a short message to explain why you refused, telling him that you care about his study and want to help him with difficult problems. 拓展句：First, you can send him a short message, in which you can explain why you refused, telling him that you care about his study and want to help him with difficult problems. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It’s kind of you to stick to your principle, and what you did is right because copying homework won’t help your friend learn. （运用了what引导的主语从句以及because引导的原因状语从句） 【高分句型2】First, you can send him a short message to explain why you refused, telling him that you care about his study and want to help him with difficult problems.（运用了why引导的宾语从句以及that引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $