Unit 3 Mind and body 过去分词作表语（单元核心语法精练）英语沪教版选择性必修第三册

Unit 3 Mind and body 核心语法精练（过去分词作表语） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、单句语法填空 3 二、选词填空 7 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 11 题型一 语法填空（模考真题） 11 题型二 阅读理解（模考真题） 14 1) 过去分词作表语，总是位于系动词的后面，表语即说明主语的状态或特征。 如：They looked disappointed（失望的）. She was astonished（惊讶的） to hear what had happened. 常见的系动词有： 1.状态系动词：be 动词; 2.感官系动词：look/ feel/ smell/ taste/ sound等； 3.变化系动词：get/ become/ turn/ grow/ fall/ grow等 4.持续系动词：remain/ stay/ keep（仍然） 5.表象系动词：seem/appear（似乎，好像） 6.终止系动词：prove/ turn out(结果是，证明是) 1. She was excited to hear the good news. 2. I felt surprised at his behavior. 3. The passengers should be seated as the plane is making a landing. 2）过去分词作表语一般用来表示感受或状态。此时的过去分词作表语相当于一个形容词。 (1) 表感受的过去分词常有：disappointed/excited/frightened/surprised/delighted/encouraged/interested/puzzled/worried/pleased… (2) 表状态类的过去分词常有:dressed (打扮好的), lost (迷路的), drunk (喝醉的), seated (就坐的), absorbed(全神贯注的), devoted (忠诚的) 3）过去分词与现在分词作表语的区别? 1. The story is interesting. 2. I am interested in this story. 现在分词做表语修饰物, 翻译成“令人……的”； 过去分词做表语修饰人, 翻译成“感到……的”。 过去分词做形容词表示“感到……”之意 be amazed （at）感到惊异　　　　　　　　be amused （at）感到好笑 be annoyed （at）感到烦恼　　　　　　　 be bored （with）感到厌烦 be convinced （of）感到信服　　　　　　 be disappointed （at）感到失望 be discouraged （in）感到沮丧　　　　　 be embarrassed （in）感到为难 be encouraged （in）感到鼓舞　　　　　　be excited （at）感到激动 be frightened （of）感到害怕　　　　　　be horrified （with）感到恐惧 be moved （at）深为感动　　　　　　　　 be pleased （about）感到愉悦 be puzzled （about）感到困惑　　　　　　be satisfied （with）感到满意 be shocked （about）感到震惊　　　　　　be surprised （at）感到惊奇 be tired （of）感到厌烦 一、单句语法填空 1．The old man got (injure) in a car accident last Friday and he is still in hospital now. 2．My English level got (improve) thanks to my English teacher. 3．He felt (encourage) by his teacher’s words and decided to work harder. 4．I feel (honour) to be here to give you a lecture. 5．He was too distressed and (confuse) to answer their questions. 6．The wound from the dog bite has become (infect). 7．We don’t want any of you to get (lose) in the crowd. 8．A number of people have become (involve) in the matter. 9．When employees feel (misunderstand), they may have a low efficiency in the workplace. 10．Our relationship was (base) on mutual dependence. 11．He was so (devote) to his work that he was named “Crazy Jack Ma”. 12．A person who has high IQ is very intelligent, but to get (promote), you need a high EQ. 13．People feel more and more (cheat) and get more and more angry. 14．You can get (refresh) after applying the cream evenly to the skin of your face and neck . 15．I find it hard to stay (focus) on my homework when the TV is on. 16．Vehicles go faster than ever, but they remain (trap) in traffic jams. 17．It’s hard to train children to be well (behave) at the table. 18．When the wheel got (stick)in the mud，he jumped into the swamp to push the cart out with his shoulder. （所给词的适当形式填空） 19．Waiting for an opportunity to get (employ)，Henry did his best to perform his duty. 20．This government is (commit) to extending parental choice in education. 二、选词填空 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．ran  B．coverage  C． engagement  D．heights  E. intensifies F. moment  G. stood  H. straight  I. sustained  J. transition  K. updated Cambridge Dictionary Word of the Year 2025 The Cambridge Dictionary Word of the Year 2025 is “parasocial”, which means involving or relating to a connection that someone feels between themselves and a famous person they do not know, a character in a book, film, TV series, etc., or an artificial intelligence. As social media 21 the intimacy that fans feel with their adored celebrities, and with the rise in popularity of AI companions that can take on personalities, the word for these one-way relationships — parasocial — is having its own 22 . A 23 trend in increased searches for parasocial had already begun, driven in part by debate on social platforms about the ethics of marketers and influencers who take advantage of parasocial relationships. But in June, lookups also surged due to media 24 about Meta and OpenAI and the potential effect of their chatbots on children and mental health. By September of 2025, the Cambridge Dictionary definition of parasocial was 25 to include the possibility of a relationship with an artificial intelligence. In August, global coverage of the way in which Taylor Swift announced her 26 to Travis Kelce caused lookups of parasocial to surge as the media dissected fans’ reactions. Posts by fans say “I’m not being parasocial about it” and talk about “a Swiftie being parasocial for ten minutes 27 ”. Parasocial 28 out in 2025 for several reasons. Public interest in the term increased massively this year, as we can see from our data: the number of searches for it in the Cambridge Dictionary as well as on Google spiked on several occasions. It’s interesting from a language point of view because it has made the 29 from an academic term to one used by ordinary people in their social media posts. And it also captures the zeitgeist of 2025, as the public’s fascination with celebrities and their lifestyles continues to reach new 30 . 题型一 语法填空 （25-26高二上·上海浦东新·期末）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. How to Spot AI-Generated Videos: Look at the Eyes As artificial intelligence continues to transform digital media, experts are sounding the alarm about a growing challenge: distinguishing between real and AI-generated videos. According to recent analysis, there is now a clear, often 1 (overlook) sign that can help viewers identify when a video is not what it appears to be. One of the most reliable indicators of an AI-generated video is the unnatural stillness of the eyes. Unlike human eyes, which are constantly in motion with blinks (眨眼) and focus shifts, AI-generated faces lack these delicate movements. The eyes 2 appear fixed or unnaturally steady, even when the rest of the face is animated. “The eyes are the window to the soul, and they’re also the window to 3 (detect) AI,” said Dr. Emily Chen, an expert at the University of Cambridge. “AI models struggle to reproduce the complexity of human eye movement, 4 is why the eyes often give away the game.” Human eye movement is incredibly complex. Even when we think we’re staring straight ahead, our eyes are making tiny, unconscious movements that help us process visual information. These movements are so delicate 5 most people aren’t even aware of them. However, they are essential for making faces look lifelike. AI-generated videos, especially 6 created with deepfake technology, often rely on still or repetitive eye animations. This can result in a “dead-eyed” look that is difficult to miss once you know what to look for. In some cases, the eyes may blink at unnatural intervals (间隔) or fail 7 (track) movement in the scene. The ability to create realistic AI-generated videos 8 (advance) rapidly in recent years. As the technology becomes 9 (accessible), it’s crucial that people know how to spot the signs of AI-generated content. Experts say that public awareness is key 10 fighting the spread of AI-generated misinformation. （25-26高二上·上海·月考）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. A comedy about animal cops investigating a reptilian (爬虫类) mystery has become the highest-grossing foreign animated film ever in China, going against the trend of 1 (decline) interest in overseas productions that has resulted in Hollywood films struggling in the Chinese box office. Zootopia 2 (called Zootropolis 2 in some European countries), a hotly anticipated and widely marketed sequel (续集) to 2016’s Zootopia, made about 2bn yuan (£213m) in ticket sales in the first seven days after 2 (release) in China, making it one of the best-performing films of the year. On its fourth day of release, it broke the single-day earnings record for an imported film, surpassing the previous record-holder, Avengers: Endgame. The Walt Disney production has a track record in China: the original Zootopia reportedly 3 (make) 1.5bn yuan in the Chinese box office, making it the country’s highest-grossing animated Hollywood film at the time — a title now taken by its sequel, which has performed better in Chinese theatres than in North American 4 in its first week. Given the craze among audiences, it is estimated that Zootopia 2’s box office performance 5 surpass that of the first film in China. Hollywood once saw China as a huge potential market for boosting box office sales. But in recent years Chinese cinemagoers have chosen domestic productions rather than overseas films. So the success of a foreign movie — the imports 6 are strictly controlled in China — has surprised some observers. Chinese cinemagoers and critics say the film’s feel-good energy can’t be 7 (appealing), especially in a challenging economic and geopolitical environment. “I am grateful that Disney is still willing to present stories like this in such a divided era,” wrote one user on Douban, a Chinese review website. “ 8 this film had been released 10 years ago, I would have said Disney was merely serving another plate of exquisite, old-fashioned dessert. 9 precisely because it was born into today’s world, I sincerely hope to see more films like this.” Walt Disney’s chief creative officer, Jared Bush, who wrote and co-directed Zootopia 2, has said that the success of the 2016 original took the company 10 surprise. “We didn’t know that it was going to turn into this phenomenon in China,” he told the LA Times. Bush said that Chinese regulators had allowed Zootopia to be screened in cinemas for six weeks, rather than the standard four. 题型二 阅读理解 （25-26高二上·上海徐汇·期中）(The following is an excerpt from Robinson Crusoe, Chapter 1.) I was born in the year 1632, in the city of York, of a good family, though not of that country, my father being a foreigner of Bremen, who settled first at Hull. He got a good estate by merchandise, and leaving off his trade, lived afterwards at York, from whence he had married my mother. I had two elder brothers, one of whom was a lieutenant-colonel killed in battle. As I was the third son and not bred to any trade, my head began to be filled early with wandering thoughts. My father designed me for the law, but I would be satisfied with nothing but going to sea. My desire led me so strongly against the will of my father and the appeals of my mother that there seemed to be something unavoidable in that propensity of nature, tending directly to the life of misery which was to happen to me. My father, a wise man, gave me serious counsel. He told me it was men of desperate fortunes or of aspiring ones who went abroad on adventures. These things were all either too far above me or too far below me; that mine was the middle state. He had found by long experience that this was the best state in the world, the most suited to human happiness. It was not exposed to the hardships of the lower class, nor embarrassed with the pride of the upper class. He said the tragedies of life were shared among the upper and lower parts of mankind, but the middle station had the fewest disasters. It was calculated for all kinds of virtues and enjoyments; that peace and plenty, temperance, moderation, and health were the blessings attending it. He pressed me earnestly not to plunge myself into miseries. To close all, he told me I had my elder brother for an example, to whom he had used the same persuasions to keep him from the wars, but could not win. He told me if I did take this foolish step, God would not bless me. I observed the tears running down his face. I was sincerely affected, and I resolved not to think of going abroad any more, but to settle at home according to my father’s desire. But alas! A few days wore it all off. In a few weeks I resolved to run away. I told my mother that my thoughts were entirely bent upon seeing the world. I was now eighteen. I begged her to persuade my father to let me go on one voyage, promising if I came back and did not like it, I would go no more. 1．Which of the following is the main conflict in this passage? A．A struggle between the narrator’s desire and his father’s wish. B．A family dispute over the correct way to honor a son killed in war. C．The narrator’s internal struggle between studying law or business. D．The challenges of an immigrant father adapting to new society. 2．The word “propensity” in paragraph 2 most probably means . A．a natural preference or tendency B．a foolish and hasty decision C．a carefully considered plan D．a temporary and passing interest 3．What was the father’s main argument for the narrator accepting a “middle state” in life? A．It offered the greatest opportunity for fame and adventure. B．It was the easiest way to accumulate a vast fortune. C．It was most likely to lead to a life of peace and happiness. D．It was the social class he was born into and could not escape. 4．Which of the following statements is TRUE about the passage? A．The narrator’s father was born in York and made a fortune by practicing law. B．The narrator sought his mother’s help to support his goal of going to sea. C．The narrator made an unconditional promise to his father that he wouldn’t go to sea. D．The narrator permanently gave up his voyage dream after seeing his father’s tears. （25-26高二上·上海·月考）Reports that English Heritage, the charity that runs more than 400 state-owned buildings and monuments, plans to reduce its staff and opening hours as part of a cost-cutting drive should worry anyone who cares about the nation’s culture. These castles, ruins and other sites play an important part in people’s lives — particularly on weekends and holidays, when treasured memories are made. The value placed on access to these historic places can be seen from the fact that more than 1.3 million people are members. Stonehenge has 1.5 million visitors annually. It and other jewels in the charity’s crown will be left alone by the accountants. Winter closures are planned only at less-favoured sites where visitors are sparse, bosses have said. But given that membership, visitor and volunteer numbers are all up, it is concerning that the charity is so short of money that it may cut nearly 200 jobs. English Heritage is a less-glamorous cousin to the UK’s best-known buildings and landscapes charity, the National Trust (which operates in Northern Ireland and Wales as well as England). While the Trust, which was founded in 1895, has an elected council of members, English Heritage’s members get free entry and parking but no voting rights. Measured by members and income, English Heritage is roughly a fifth of the Trust’s size, and has existed in its current form since 2015. This was when David Cameron’s government decided to take away its government grant and spin it off as an independent entity. The optimistic gloss put on this was that it would enable the organisation “to grow with greater freedom”. Instead, just a couple of years after public funding was fully phased out, there is a real chance that the charity’s work will be degraded as a result of the need to make savings. MPs, members and anyone with an interest in the heritage sector should be dismayed by the prospect of the charity’s workforce being deskilled, if curators are replaced by other staff, as has been reported. Tourists as well as local visitors expect high-quality information and displays at landmarks. But these kinds of visits, combining historical education with pleasure (shops, cafes, children’s games), have been decades in the making — with roots in the postwar campaign to democratise leisure by opening up beautiful buildings that were previously the preserve of the very wealthy to the ticket-buying public. Experts are part of this winning formula. It is their knowledge that English Heritage, and other organisations, rely on when designing an experience — for example, the walk around the site of the Battle of Hastings — or updating displays to reflect contemporary concerns. Castles that have survived for hundreds of years can withstand a downturn in their keepers’ fortunes. But the historic public realm that they represent, like the rest of the culture sector, is in need of knights to defend it. 1．What is the author’s main concern about English Heritage? A．Its plan to close some well-known sites in winter. B．The possible decline in the quality of its work due to cost-cutting. C．The fact that it has fewer members than the National Trust. D．Its members’ failure to obtain the voting rights. 2．By saying “It and other jewels in the charity’s crown will be left alone by the accountants”, the author means __________ A．The accountants will avoid making major cost cuts at jewels in the crowns displayed in those sites. B．Less-favoured sites with sparse visitors will be temporarily closed in winter except those with jewels in crowns. C．English Heritage will protect all its historic sites from cost-cutting, especially those with jewels in crowns.​ D．Popular and valuable sites of English Heritage like Stonehenge will not be targeted by cost-cutting measures. 3．What can we learn about English Heritage from the passage? A．It has existed as an independent entity since the National Trust was founded in 1895. B．Its members enjoy free entry and parking with voting rights on the charity’s management. C．It is about one-fifth the scale of the National Trust in terms of membership size and income. D．It received government grants until a few years after 2015, when public funding was fully stopped. 4．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A．English Heritage vs. National Trust: Heritage Protection Differences. B．English Heritage: From Public Funding to Cost-Cutting Challenges. C．Stonehenge & Historic Sites: Need More Funds to Survive. D．Experts’ Role in Preserving English Heritage Sites. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Mind and body 核心语法精练（过去分词作表语） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、单句语法填空 3 二、选词填空 7 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 11 题型一 语法填空（模考真题） 11 题型二 阅读理解（模考真题） 14 1) 过去分词作表语，总是位于系动词的后面，表语即说明主语的状态或特征。 如：They looked disappointed（失望的）. She was astonished（惊讶的） to hear what had happened. 常见的系动词有： 1.状态系动词：be 动词; 2.感官系动词：look/ feel/ smell/ taste/ sound等； 3.变化系动词：get/ become/ turn/ grow/ fall/ grow等 4.持续系动词：remain/ stay/ keep（仍然） 5.表象系动词：seem/appear（似乎，好像） 6.终止系动词：prove/ turn out(结果是，证明是) 1. She was excited to hear the good news. 2. I felt surprised at his behavior. 3. The passengers should be seated as the plane is making a landing. 2）过去分词作表语一般用来表示感受或状态。此时的过去分词作表语相当于一个形容词。 (1) 表感受的过去分词常有：disappointed/excited/frightened/surprised/delighted/encouraged/interested/puzzled/worried/pleased… (2) 表状态类的过去分词常有:dressed (打扮好的), lost (迷路的), drunk (喝醉的), seated (就坐的), absorbed(全神贯注的), devoted (忠诚的) 3）过去分词与现在分词作表语的区别? 1. The story is interesting. 2. I am interested in this story. 现在分词做表语修饰物, 翻译成“令人……的”； 过去分词做表语修饰人, 翻译成“感到……的”。 过去分词做形容词表示“感到……”之意 be amazed （at）感到惊异　　　　　　　　be amused （at）感到好笑 be annoyed （at）感到烦恼　　　　　　　 be bored （with）感到厌烦 be convinced （of）感到信服　　　　　　 be disappointed （at）感到失望 be discouraged （in）感到沮丧　　　　　 be embarrassed （in）感到为难 be encouraged （in）感到鼓舞　　　　　　be excited （at）感到激动 be frightened （of）感到害怕　　　　　　be horrified （with）感到恐惧 be moved （at）深为感动　　　　　　　　 be pleased （about）感到愉悦 be puzzled （about）感到困惑　　　　　　be satisfied （with）感到满意 be shocked （about）感到震惊　　　　　　be surprised （at）感到惊奇 be tired （of）感到厌烦 一、单句语法填空 1．The old man got (injure) in a car accident last Friday and he is still in hospital now. 【答案】injured 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：这位老人上周五在一场车祸中受伤，现在仍在医院。“get + 过去分词”构成系表结构，get injured是固定搭配，意为“受伤”，这里injured在句中作表语。故填injured。 2．My English level got (improve) thanks to my English teacher. 【答案】improved 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：多亏了我的英语老师，我的英语水平得到了提升。my English level与improve是被动关系，“get + 过去分词”可表示被动含义，需用improve的过去分词形式，故填improved。 3．He felt (encourage) by his teacher’s words and decided to work harder. 【答案】encouraged 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：老师的话让他感到深受鼓舞，他决定更加努力地学习。设空处接在felt系动词后作表语，主语He和encourage之间是被动关系，应用过去分词encouraged。故填encouraged。 4．I feel (honour) to be here to give you a lecture. 【答案】honoured 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我很荣幸能在这里给你们做讲座。feel honoured to do是固定表达，意为“做某事感到荣幸”，因此用过去分词honoured，作表语。故填honoured。 5．He was too distressed and (confuse) to answer their questions. 【答案】confused 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他太痛苦和困惑了，以至于无法回答他们的问题。分析句子结构可知，空白处在句子中作表语，表示人的状态，需用confuse的过去分词confused形式作表语。故填confused。 6．The wound from the dog bite has become (infect). 【答案】infected 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：狗咬伤的伤口已经感染了。本句谓语为has become，此处为非谓语动词，The wound与infect“传染，使感染”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作表语。故填infected。 7．We don’t want any of you to get (lose) in the crowd. 【答案】lost 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们不希望你们中有人在人群中迷路。lose意为“迷路”，you和lose为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式lost，作表语。故填lost。 8．A number of people have become (involve) in the matter. 【答案】involved 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多人卷入了这件事。be/become invovled in“卷入”是固定搭配，此处为过去分词作表语，故填involved。 9．When employees feel (misunderstand), they may have a low efficiency in the workplace. 【答案】misunderstood 【详解】考查动词的过去分词作表语。句意：当员工感到被误解时，他们的工作效率可能会很低。设空处为非谓语在when引导的时间状语从句中作表语，和其逻辑主语employees之间是逻辑的被动关系，应用动词过去分词的形式作表语。故填misunderstood。 10．Our relationship was (base) on mutual dependence. 【答案】based 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我们的关系建立在相互依赖的基础上。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定短语be based on，意为“以……为基础”，base与主语relationship是被动关系，用被动语态。故填based。 11．He was so (devote) to his work that he was named “Crazy Jack Ma”. 【答案】devoted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他对工作如此投入，以至于他被称为“疯狂的马云”。 be devoted to…致力于……，过去分词devoted to…作表语。故填devoted。 12．A person who has high IQ is very intelligent, but to get (promote), you need a high EQ. 【答案】promoted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一个智商高的人很聪明，但要得到晋升，你需要一个高情商。此处promote与you构成被动关系，故用过去分词作表语。故填promoted。 13．People feel more and more (cheat) and get more and more angry. 【答案】cheated 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人们感到越来越受骗，越来越生气。此处非谓语动词cheat与逻辑主语people构成被动关系，故用过去分词作表语。故填cheated。 14．You can get (refresh) after applying the cream evenly to the skin of your face and neck . 【答案】refreshed 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：将面霜均匀涂抹在面部和颈部皮肤上后，你可以精神焕发。get为连系动词，后接过去分词作表语，get refreshed：变得精神抖擞，符合句意，故填refreshed。 15．I find it hard to stay (focus) on my homework when the TV is on. 【答案】focused 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我发现电视开着的时候很难集中注意力做作业。stay后应用过去分词作表语，故填focused。 16．Vehicles go faster than ever, but they remain (trap) in traffic jams. 【答案】trapped 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：车辆的速度比以往任何时候都快，但它们仍然困在交通堵塞中。分析句子可知，空处作remain的表语，they（Vehicles）和trap之间为被动关系，应用trap的过去分词形式trapped，构成remain trapped，表示“仍然被困”。故填trapped。 17．It’s hard to train children to be well (behave) at the table. 【答案】behaved 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：要训练孩子在餐桌上举止得体是很难的。结合句意表示“举止得体”可知短语为be well behaved，故填behaved。 18．When the wheel got (stick)in the mud，he jumped into the swamp to push the cart out with his shoulder. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】stuck 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当车轮陷进泥里时，他跳进沼泽，用肩膀把马车推出去。get stuck“被困住”，stick作表语，主语wheel 和stick 之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填stuck。 19．Waiting for an opportunity to get (employ)，Henry did his best to perform his duty. 【答案】employed 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：在等待就业机会的时候，亨利尽了最大努力履行职责。get后常跟过去分词构成被动语态的结构。get employed意为“被雇佣；就业”。故填employed。 20．This government is (commit) to extending parental choice in education. 【答案】committed 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：本届政府承诺扩大父母在教育方面的选择权。be committed to doing sth.意为“致力于做某事，承诺做某事”，用过去分词committed做表语。故填committed。 二、选词填空 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．ran  B．coverage  C． engagement  D．heights  E. intensifies F. moment  G. stood  H. straight  I. sustained  J. transition  K. updated Cambridge Dictionary Word of the Year 2025 The Cambridge Dictionary Word of the Year 2025 is “parasocial”, which means involving or relating to a connection that someone feels between themselves and a famous person they do not know, a character in a book, film, TV series, etc., or an artificial intelligence. As social media 21 the intimacy that fans feel with their adored celebrities, and with the rise in popularity of AI companions that can take on personalities, the word for these one-way relationships — parasocial — is having its own 22 . A 23 trend in increased searches for parasocial had already begun, driven in part by debate on social platforms about the ethics of marketers and influencers who take advantage of parasocial relationships. But in June, lookups also surged due to media 24 about Meta and OpenAI and the potential effect of their chatbots on children and mental health. By September of 2025, the Cambridge Dictionary definition of parasocial was 25 to include the possibility of a relationship with an artificial intelligence. In August, global coverage of the way in which Taylor Swift announced her 26 to Travis Kelce caused lookups of parasocial to surge as the media dissected fans’ reactions. Posts by fans say “I’m not being parasocial about it” and talk about “a Swiftie being parasocial for ten minutes 27 ”. Parasocial 28 out in 2025 for several reasons. Public interest in the term increased massively this year, as we can see from our data: the number of searches for it in the Cambridge Dictionary as well as on Google spiked on several occasions. It’s interesting from a language point of view because it has made the 29 from an academic term to one used by ordinary people in their social media posts. And it also captures the zeitgeist of 2025, as the public’s fascination with celebrities and their lifestyles continues to reach new 30 . 【答案】 21．E 22．F 23．I 24．B 25．K 26．C 27．H 28．G 29．J 30．D 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，介绍了《剑桥词典》2025年年度词汇parasocial（准社会的），阐述该词当选的原因、使用热度的攀升及背后的社会背景。 21．考查动词。句意：随着社交媒体加深粉丝与心仪名人之间的亲密感，且具有人格特质的人工智能陪伴者日益受欢迎，用来描述这种单向关系的词汇——准社会的——也迎来了属于自己的高光时刻。根据句意“社交媒体让粉丝和名人的亲密感变得更强”，此处需要表达“增强、加剧”的动词，且主语social media为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，应选intensifies，故选E。 22．考查名词。句意：随着社交媒体加深粉丝与心仪名人之间的亲密感，且具有人格特质的人工智能陪伴者日益受欢迎，用来描述这种单向关系的词汇——准社会的——也迎来了属于自己的高光时刻。根据句意“这个词汇迎来了受关注的时刻”，结合固定搭配have one’s moment“迎来高光时刻、走红”，应选moment，作宾语。故选F。 23．考查形容词。句意：受社交平台上关于营销人员和网红利用准社会关系的道德性争论的部分推动，parasocial一词的搜索量持续上升的趋势早已开始。根据句意“搜索量上升的趋势是持续的”，此处需要表达“持续的”形容词修饰名词trend，应选sustained，故选I。 24．考查名词。句意：但到了6月，由于媒体对Meta公司和开放人工智能公司及其聊天机器人对儿童和心理健康的潜在影响的相关报道，该词的查询量也大幅飙升。根据句意“媒体的相关报道引发查询量上升”，结合固定搭配media coverage“媒体报道”，应选coverage，作宾语。故选B。 25．考查动词。句意：到2025年9月，《剑桥词典》中parasocial的定义已更新，纳入了与人工智能产生这种关系的可能性。根据句意“词典定义被补充更新”，此处需要表达“更新”的动词，且句子为被动语态，用过去分词形式，应选updated，故选K。 26．考查名词。句意：8月，泰勒·斯威夫特宣布与特拉维斯·凯尔西订婚的相关全球报道，使得媒体剖析粉丝反应时，parasocial的查询量再次飙升。根据句意“泰勒·斯威夫特与他人建立恋爱关系的公开动态”，此处需要表达“订婚”相关的名词，应选engagement“订婚”，符合“订婚”的语境，作宾语。故选C。 27．考查副词。句意：粉丝们发布的帖子中写道“我对此并没有产生准社会情感”，也有人提到“一个泰勒的粉丝短暂地产生了十分钟的准社会情感”。根据句意“短暂地、直接地（产生这种情感）”，结合固定搭配ten minutes straight，表示“连续十分钟、短短十分钟”，应用straight，符合语境，应选straight，故选H。 28．考查动词。句意：parasocial一词在2025年脱颖而出，原因有几个。根据句意“这个词汇在众多词汇中显得突出”，结合固定搭配stand out“脱颖而出、引人注目”，且句子描述2025年的客观事实，用一般过去时，stand的过去式为stood，应选stood，故选G。 29．考查名词。句意：从语言学角度来看，这个词的有趣之处在于，它已经从一个学术术语转变为普通人在社交媒体帖子中使用的词汇。根据句意“从学术术语到日常词汇的转变”，结合固定搭配make the transition from...to...“从……转变到……”，应选transition，故选J。 30．考查名词。句意：它也捕捉到了2025年的时代精神，因为公众对名人及其生活方式的痴迷持续达到新的高度。根据句意“痴迷的程度达到新的高度”，结合固定搭配reach new heights“达到新高度”，应选heights，作宾语。故选D。 题型一 语法填空 （25-26高二上·上海浦东新·期末）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. How to Spot AI-Generated Videos: Look at the Eyes As artificial intelligence continues to transform digital media, experts are sounding the alarm about a growing challenge: distinguishing between real and AI-generated videos. According to recent analysis, there is now a clear, often 1 (overlook) sign that can help viewers identify when a video is not what it appears to be. One of the most reliable indicators of an AI-generated video is the unnatural stillness of the eyes. Unlike human eyes, which are constantly in motion with blinks (眨眼) and focus shifts, AI-generated faces lack these delicate movements. The eyes 2 appear fixed or unnaturally steady, even when the rest of the face is animated. “The eyes are the window to the soul, and they’re also the window to 3 (detect) AI,” said Dr. Emily Chen, an expert at the University of Cambridge. “AI models struggle to reproduce the complexity of human eye movement, 4 is why the eyes often give away the game.” Human eye movement is incredibly complex. Even when we think we’re staring straight ahead, our eyes are making tiny, unconscious movements that help us process visual information. These movements are so delicate 5 most people aren’t even aware of them. However, they are essential for making faces look lifelike. AI-generated videos, especially 6 created with deepfake technology, often rely on still or repetitive eye animations. This can result in a “dead-eyed” look that is difficult to miss once you know what to look for. In some cases, the eyes may blink at unnatural intervals (间隔) or fail 7 (track) movement in the scene. The ability to create realistic AI-generated videos 8 (advance) rapidly in recent years. As the technology becomes 9 (accessible), it’s crucial that people know how to spot the signs of AI-generated content. Experts say that public awareness is key 10 fighting the spread of AI-generated misinformation. 【答案】 1．overlooked 2．may/can/might/could 3．detecting 4．which 5．that 6．those 7．to track 8．has advanced 9．more accessible 10．to 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了识别AI生成视频的一个关键方法——观察人物的眼睛，指出AI生成视频中人物眼睛存在不自然的静止状态这一明显特征，同时说明人类眼球运动的复杂性，以及随着AI技术发展，提升公众识别AI生成内容的意识对抵制虚假信息的重要性。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：根据最近的分析，现在有一个清晰且常常被忽视的迹象，能帮助观众识别视频是否并非表面看上去的那样。sign与overlook之间是被动关系，需用过去分词作定语，修饰sign，表“被忽视的”。故填overlooked。 2．考查情态动词。句意：这些眼睛可能会显得僵硬或不自然地稳定，即使脸部的其他部位是动态的。结合语境，此处是对AI生成视频中眼睛状态的推测，语气委婉，may/can/might/could均表示“可能”，符合语义。故填may/can/might/could。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：剑桥大学的专家艾米丽·陈博士说：“眼睛是心灵的窗户，也是发现人工智能的窗户。”此处位于介词to后，作介词的宾语，需用动名词形式。故填detecting。 4．考查定语从句。句意：人工智能模型难以还原人类眼球运动的复杂性，这就是为什么眼睛常常会暴露真相的原因。先行词是前面整个句子AI models struggle to reproduce the complexity of human eye movement，空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，需用关系代词which。故填which。 5．考查连词固定句型。句意：这些动作非常细微，以至于大多数人甚至都没有意识到它们的存在。so+形容词/副词+that...是固定句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，that引导结果状语从句，符合句子结构和语义。故填that。 6．考查代词。句意：人工智能生成的视频，尤其是那些用深度伪造技术制作的视频，往往依赖于静止或重复的眼部动画。此处指代前文的AI-generated videos，且特指同类事物中的那些，需用代词those。故填those。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：在某些情况下，眼睛可能会以不自然的间隔眨眼，或者无法追踪场景中的动态。fail to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“未能做某事；无法做某事”，此处需用动词不定式作宾语。故填to track。 8．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：近年来，制作逼真的人工智能生成视频的能力发展迅速。根据时间状语in recent years可知，句子需用现在完成时，其结构为have/has+动词的过去分词；主语The ability是单数名词，助动词用has，advance的过去分词是advanced。故填has advanced。 9．考查形容词比较级。句意：随着这项技术变得更容易获取，人们知道如何识别人工智能生成内容的迹象就变得至关重要。结合语境，此处暗含“技术相比以往更容易获取”的比较含义，accessible是多音节形容词，其比较级形式为more accessible。故填more accessible。 10．考查介词。句意：专家表示，公众意识是打击人工智能生成的虚假信息传播的关键。the key to (doing) sth.是固定搭配，意为“（做）某事的关键”，to为介词，后接名词或动名词。故填to。 （25-26高二上·上海·月考）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. A comedy about animal cops investigating a reptilian (爬虫类) mystery has become the highest-grossing foreign animated film ever in China, going against the trend of 1 (decline) interest in overseas productions that has resulted in Hollywood films struggling in the Chinese box office. Zootopia 2 (called Zootropolis 2 in some European countries), a hotly anticipated and widely marketed sequel (续集) to 2016’s Zootopia, made about 2bn yuan (£213m) in ticket sales in the first seven days after 2 (release) in China, making it one of the best-performing films of the year. On its fourth day of release, it broke the single-day earnings record for an imported film, surpassing the previous record-holder, Avengers: Endgame. The Walt Disney production has a track record in China: the original Zootopia reportedly 3 (make) 1.5bn yuan in the Chinese box office, making it the country’s highest-grossing animated Hollywood film at the time — a title now taken by its sequel, which has performed better in Chinese theatres than in North American 4 in its first week. Given the craze among audiences, it is estimated that Zootopia 2’s box office performance 5 surpass that of the first film in China. Hollywood once saw China as a huge potential market for boosting box office sales. But in recent years Chinese cinemagoers have chosen domestic productions rather than overseas films. So the success of a foreign movie — the imports 6 are strictly controlled in China — has surprised some observers. Chinese cinemagoers and critics say the film’s feel-good energy can’t be 7 (appealing), especially in a challenging economic and geopolitical environment. “I am grateful that Disney is still willing to present stories like this in such a divided era,” wrote one user on Douban, a Chinese review website. “ 8 this film had been released 10 years ago, I would have said Disney was merely serving another plate of exquisite, old-fashioned dessert. 9 precisely because it was born into today’s world, I sincerely hope to see more films like this.” Walt Disney’s chief creative officer, Jared Bush, who wrote and co-directed Zootopia 2, has said that the success of the 2016 original took the company 10 surprise. “We didn’t know that it was going to turn into this phenomenon in China,” he told the LA Times. Bush said that Chinese regulators had allowed Zootopia to be screened in cinemas for six weeks, rather than the standard four. 【答案】 1．declining 2．being released 3．made 4．ones 5．will 6．which/that 7．more appealing 8．If 9．But 10．by 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了迪士尼动画电影《疯狂动物城2》在中国市场取得票房成功的现象，分析了其受欢迎的原因，并提及了主创人员对此成功的看法，该现象在好莱坞电影中国票房遇冷的大趋势下尤为引人关注。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：一部关于动物警察调查爬虫类神秘案件的喜剧片，成为了中国影史上票房最高的外国动画电影，这一成绩与海外影片关注度持续下降的趋势背道而驰——正是这一趋势导致了好莱坞电影在中国票房遇冷。句子谓语为has become，空处为非谓语动词，decline与逻辑主语interest是主动关系，因此应用现在分词declining作定语修饰名词interest。故填declining。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：《疯狂动物城2》（在部分欧洲国家名为《动物大都会2》）是2016年《疯狂动物城》备受期待且营销广泛的续集，该片在中国上映后的前七天内票房就达到了约20亿元人民币（2.13亿英镑），使其成为年度表现最佳的电影之一。介词after后需接名词或动名词作宾语，release与逻辑主语Zootopia 2是被动关系，因此应用动名词的被动形式being released。故填being released。 3．考查动词时态。句意：这部迪士尼出品的影片在中国有着亮眼的历史成绩：据报道，原版《疯狂动物城》在中国的票房达到了15亿元人民币，使其成为当时中国票房最高的好莱坞动画电影——如今这一头衔已被其续集取代，该续集首周在中国影院的表现优于北美影院。空处作谓语，根据the original Zootopia可知，此处表过去事实，应用一般过去时，make的过去式为made。故填made。 4．考查代词。句意：这部迪士尼出品的影片在中国有着亮眼的历史成绩：据报道，原版《疯狂动物城》在中国的票房达到了15亿元人民币，使其成为当时中国票房最高的好莱坞动画电影——如今这一头衔已被其续集取代，该续集首周在中国影院的表现优于北美影院。空格前是North American，需用代词指代前文的theatres来表示“北美影院”，以避免重复。ones用于指代可数名词复数，符合语境。故填ones。 5．考查动词时态。句意：考虑到观众的狂热程度，据估计《疯狂动物城2》在中国的票房表现将超过第一部。It is estimated that...“据估计”后接的从句表示“未来可能发生的事情”（票房将超过第一部），因此应用一般将来时的助动词will。故填will。 6．考查定语从句。句意：因此，一部外国电影的成功——在中国，进口影片受到严格管控——让一些观察人士感到惊讶。空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是the imports，指物，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that来引导。故填which或that。 7．考查形容词比较级。句意：中国观众和评论家表示，这部电影传递的正能量再受欢迎不过了，尤其是在当前充满挑战的经济和地缘政治环境下。空格前是can’t be，结合语境“这部电影的正能量再受欢迎不过了”，需用比较级表达最高级含义。can’t be+比较级是固定结构，意为“再……不过了”， appealing的比较级为more appealing。故填more appealing。 8．考查状语从句。句意：如果这部电影十年前上映，我会说迪士尼不过是又端上了一盘精致却老套的甜点。从句用了had been released(过去完成时)，主句用了would have said，是对过去的虚拟。虚拟条件句的引导词应用if，表示“如果这部电影十年前上映”，句首单词,首字母需大写。故填If。 9．考查连词。句意：但是正因为它诞生于当下这个世界，我由衷地希望能看到更多这样的电影。前一句表示“十年前上映会觉得是老套的甜点”，后一句表示“正因为诞生在当下，才希望看到更多这样的电影”，前后是转折关系，因此应用连词but来连接，句首单词,首字母需大写。故填But。 10．考查介词。句意：迪士尼首席创意官贾里德・布什既是《疯狂动物城2》的编剧也是联合导演，他表示2016年原版影片的成功让公司感到意外。take sb. by surprise是固定短语，意为“使某人惊讶；出乎某人意料”，因此应用介词by。故填by。 题型二 阅读理解 （25-26高二上·上海徐汇·期中）(The following is an excerpt from Robinson Crusoe, Chapter 1.) I was born in the year 1632, in the city of York, of a good family, though not of that country, my father being a foreigner of Bremen, who settled first at Hull. He got a good estate by merchandise, and leaving off his trade, lived afterwards at York, from whence he had married my mother. I had two elder brothers, one of whom was a lieutenant-colonel killed in battle. As I was the third son and not bred to any trade, my head began to be filled early with wandering thoughts. My father designed me for the law, but I would be satisfied with nothing but going to sea. My desire led me so strongly against the will of my father and the appeals of my mother that there seemed to be something unavoidable in that propensity of nature, tending directly to the life of misery which was to happen to me. My father, a wise man, gave me serious counsel. He told me it was men of desperate fortunes or of aspiring ones who went abroad on adventures. These things were all either too far above me or too far below me; that mine was the middle state. He had found by long experience that this was the best state in the world, the most suited to human happiness. It was not exposed to the hardships of the lower class, nor embarrassed with the pride of the upper class. He said the tragedies of life were shared among the upper and lower parts of mankind, but the middle station had the fewest disasters. It was calculated for all kinds of virtues and enjoyments; that peace and plenty, temperance, moderation, and health were the blessings attending it. He pressed me earnestly not to plunge myself into miseries. To close all, he told me I had my elder brother for an example, to whom he had used the same persuasions to keep him from the wars, but could not win. He told me if I did take this foolish step, God would not bless me. I observed the tears running down his face. I was sincerely affected, and I resolved not to think of going abroad any more, but to settle at home according to my father’s desire. But alas! A few days wore it all off. In a few weeks I resolved to run away. I told my mother that my thoughts were entirely bent upon seeing the world. I was now eighteen. I begged her to persuade my father to let me go on one voyage, promising if I came back and did not like it, I would go no more. 1．Which of the following is the main conflict in this passage? A．A struggle between the narrator’s desire and his father’s wish. B．A family dispute over the correct way to honor a son killed in war. C．The narrator’s internal struggle between studying law or business. D．The challenges of an immigrant father adapting to new society. 2．The word “propensity” in paragraph 2 most probably means . A．a natural preference or tendency B．a foolish and hasty decision C．a carefully considered plan D．a temporary and passing interest 3．What was the father’s main argument for the narrator accepting a “middle state” in life? A．It offered the greatest opportunity for fame and adventure. B．It was the easiest way to accumulate a vast fortune. C．It was most likely to lead to a life of peace and happiness. D．It was the social class he was born into and could not escape. 4．Which of the following statements is TRUE about the passage? A．The narrator’s father was born in York and made a fortune by practicing law. B．The narrator sought his mother’s help to support his goal of going to sea. C．The narrator made an unconditional promise to his father that he wouldn’t go to sea. D．The narrator permanently gave up his voyage dream after seeing his father’s tears. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了1632年生于约克的鲁滨逊，一心渴望出海，违背父亲希望他过中产生活的意愿，虽曾因父亲落泪动摇，却仍决心离家远航的故事。 1．推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第二段中“My father designed me for the law, but I would be satisfied with nothing but going to sea. My desire led me so strongly against the will of my father and the appeals of my mother that there seemed to be something unavoidable in that propensity of nature, tending directly to the life of misery which was to happen to me.( 我父亲打算让我当律师，但我只要当海员就心满意足了。我的欲望使我如此强烈地违背了父亲的意愿和母亲的呼吁，似乎在这种天性中有某种不可避免的倾向，直接导致了我即将经历的悲惨生活。)”可知，文章核心围绕叙述者（鲁滨逊）渴望出海冒险，而父亲希望他留在国内从事法律行业、过安稳的中产生活展开。二者的意愿冲突是贯穿全文的主要矛盾。故选A项。 2．词义猜测题。根据第二段中“My desire led me so strongly against the will of my father and the appeals of my mother that there seemed to be something unavoidable in that … of nature, tending directly to the life of misery which was to happen to me.( 我的欲望使我如此强烈地违背了父亲的意愿和母亲的呼吁，似乎在这种天性中有某种不可避免的……，直接导致了我即将经历的悲惨生活。)”以及前文提到叙述者对出海的渴望强烈违背父母意愿，由此可知，这里的propensity 指代这种“天性里的倾向”。A 选项a natural preference or tendency“天生的偏好或倾向”符合语义。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中“He had found by long experience that this was the best state in the world, the most suited to human happiness. It was not exposed to the hardships of the lower class, nor embarrassed with the pride of the upper class. He said the tragedies of life were shared among the upper and lower parts of mankind, but the middle station had the fewest disasters. It was calculated for all kinds of virtues and enjoyments; that peace and plenty, temperance, moderation, and health were the blessings attending it.( 根据长期的经验，他发现这是世界上最好的状态，最适合人类的幸福。它不受下层阶级苦难的影响，也不因上层阶级的骄傲而感到尴尬。他说，生活的悲剧是人类的上层和下层共同承担的，但中层的灾难最少。它是为各种美德和享受而设计的；平安、富足、节制、和健康是随之而来的祝福。)”可知，父亲让叙述者接受“中产生活”的主要理由是它最有可能带来和平与幸福的生活。故选C项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“I told my mother that my thoughts were entirely bent upon seeing the world. I was now eighteen. I begged her to persuade my father to let me go on one voyage, promising if I came back and did not like it, I would go no more.( 我告诉母亲，我一心只想去看看这个世界。那时我十八岁。我恳求她说服父亲让我去一次，并答应如果我回来后不喜欢，我就不再去了。)”可知，最后一段叙述者告诉母亲自己一心想看看世界，并请求母亲说服父亲允许他出海一次。ACD选项均与原文实意不符。故选B项。 （25-26高二上·上海·月考）Reports that English Heritage, the charity that runs more than 400 state-owned buildings and monuments, plans to reduce its staff and opening hours as part of a cost-cutting drive should worry anyone who cares about the nation’s culture. These castles, ruins and other sites play an important part in people’s lives — particularly on weekends and holidays, when treasured memories are made. The value placed on access to these historic places can be seen from the fact that more than 1.3 million people are members. Stonehenge has 1.5 million visitors annually. It and other jewels in the charity’s crown will be left alone by the accountants. Winter closures are planned only at less-favoured sites where visitors are sparse, bosses have said. But given that membership, visitor and volunteer numbers are all up, it is concerning that the charity is so short of money that it may cut nearly 200 jobs. English Heritage is a less-glamorous cousin to the UK’s best-known buildings and landscapes charity, the National Trust (which operates in Northern Ireland and Wales as well as England). While the Trust, which was founded in 1895, has an elected council of members, English Heritage’s members get free entry and parking but no voting rights. Measured by members and income, English Heritage is roughly a fifth of the Trust’s size, and has existed in its current form since 2015. This was when David Cameron’s government decided to take away its government grant and spin it off as an independent entity. The optimistic gloss put on this was that it would enable the organisation “to grow with greater freedom”. Instead, just a couple of years after public funding was fully phased out, there is a real chance that the charity’s work will be degraded as a result of the need to make savings. MPs, members and anyone with an interest in the heritage sector should be dismayed by the prospect of the charity’s workforce being deskilled, if curators are replaced by other staff, as has been reported. Tourists as well as local visitors expect high-quality information and displays at landmarks. But these kinds of visits, combining historical education with pleasure (shops, cafes, children’s games), have been decades in the making — with roots in the postwar campaign to democratise leisure by opening up beautiful buildings that were previously the preserve of the very wealthy to the ticket-buying public. Experts are part of this winning formula. It is their knowledge that English Heritage, and other organisations, rely on when designing an experience — for example, the walk around the site of the Battle of Hastings — or updating displays to reflect contemporary concerns. Castles that have survived for hundreds of years can withstand a downturn in their keepers’ fortunes. But the historic public realm that they represent, like the rest of the culture sector, is in need of knights to defend it. 1．What is the author’s main concern about English Heritage? A．Its plan to close some well-known sites in winter. B．The possible decline in the quality of its work due to cost-cutting. C．The fact that it has fewer members than the National Trust. D．Its members’ failure to obtain the voting rights. 2．By saying “It and other jewels in the charity’s crown will be left alone by the accountants”, the author means __________ A．The accountants will avoid making major cost cuts at jewels in the crowns displayed in those sites. B．Less-favoured sites with sparse visitors will be temporarily closed in winter except those with jewels in crowns. C．English Heritage will protect all its historic sites from cost-cutting, especially those with jewels in crowns.​ D．Popular and valuable sites of English Heritage like Stonehenge will not be targeted by cost-cutting measures. 3．What can we learn about English Heritage from the passage? A．It has existed as an independent entity since the National Trust was founded in 1895. B．Its members enjoy free entry and parking with voting rights on the charity’s management. C．It is about one-fifth the scale of the National Trust in terms of membership size and income. D．It received government grants until a few years after 2015, when public funding was fully stopped. 4．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A．English Heritage vs. National Trust: Heritage Protection Differences. B．English Heritage: From Public Funding to Cost-Cutting Challenges. C．Stonehenge & Historic Sites: Need More Funds to Survive. D．Experts’ Role in Preserving English Heritage Sites. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章围绕英国遗产组织的成本削减计划展开，指出该计划可能导致员工裁减、开放时间缩短，进而影响其运营质量；文章对比了该组织与英国国家信托基金的差异，回顾了其脱离政府资助成为独立实体的背景，强调专家资源对文化遗产保护的重要性，呼吁重视并保护这一文化领域。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Reports that English Heritage, the charity that runs more than 400 state-owned buildings and monuments, plans to reduce its staff and opening hours as part of a cost-cutting drive should worry anyone who cares about the nation’s culture (有报道称，运营着400多处国有建筑和纪念碑的慈善机构英国遗产组织计划裁减员工、缩短开放时间，作为成本削减举措的一部分，这理应让所有关心国家文化的人感到担忧)”、第四段“Instead, just a couple of years after public funding was fully phased out, there is a real chance that the charity’s work will be degraded as a result of the need to make savings (相反，在公共资金完全停止后的短短几年内，由于需要节省开支，该慈善机构的工作质量极有可能下降)”以及第五段“MPs, members and anyone with an interest in the heritage sector should be dismayed by the prospect of the charity’s workforce being deskilled, if curators are replaced by other staff, as has been reported (有报道称，若策展人被其他员工取代，该慈善机构员工将面临技能退化的前景，国会议员、该组织会员以及所有关注遗产领域的人都应为此感到沮丧)”可知，作者最担心的是成本削减计划会导致英国遗产组织的工作质量下降。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Stonehenge has 1.5 million visitors annually (巨石阵每年有150万游客)”以及第二段“It and other jewels in the charity’s crown will be left alone by the accountants. Winter closures are planned only at less-favoured sites where visitors are sparse, bosses have said (负责人表示，它和该慈善机构王冠上的其他珠宝不会被会计人员盯上。冬季关闭计划仅针对那些游客稀少的不受欢迎景点)”可知，“It”指代前文提及的游客众多的巨石阵，“jewels in the charity’s crown”引申为该组织旗下像巨石阵这样受欢迎、有价值的核心景点，这句话的意思是这些优质景点不会成为成本削减的目标，只有那些游客稀少的冷门景点会被计划冬季关闭。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Measured by members and income, English Heritage is roughly a fifth of the Trust’s size (以会员数量和收入来衡量，英国遗产组织的规模大约是国家信托基金的五分之一)”可知，从会员数量和收入来看，英国遗产组织的规模大约是国家信托基金的五分之一。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章开篇介绍英国遗产组织的成本削减计划及引发的担忧，随后对比其与国家信托基金的差异，回顾2015年脱离政府资助成为独立实体的背景，阐述成本削减可能带来的员工技能退化、工作质量下降等负面影响，最后强调专家对文化遗产保护的重要性并呼吁保护这一文化领域，全文围绕英国遗产组织从依赖政府资助到如今面临成本削减挑战的过程展开。选项B“英国遗产组织：从公共资助到成本削减的挑战”能够概括全文主旨，适合用作标题。故选B。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $