Unit 7 An Amazing Plant-2025-2026学年八年级下册英语词汇变形及词缀精讲（教科版）

8年级下册教科版 【同步精讲】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 同步精讲 【Unit7】An Amazing Plant 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 plenty /'plenti/n. 大量：众多 ,from now on /fram nau pn/短语想象；想象力：空想 pron.大量；充足 从现在起：今后 fat/faet/n.脂肪：肥肉adj.肥胖 cough /kpf/v.&n.咳嗽 prevent /prI''vent/v.预防；阻止；的；肥的 scene/sin/n.场景；场面：景色防止 risk /risk/n.风险；危险：冒险 awfl/'ofl/adj.糟糕的；可怕inform/m'fom/v.通知；告知；v.冒险：冒…的风险 的：极坏的 报告 bean /bi:n/n.豆：豆类；豆科植 blood /blAd/n.血；血液；血统fire/'far(r)/n.火；火灾；炉火物 cut up /kAt△p/短语切碎；剁碎；V.点燃：解雇 vitamin/'vItamin/n.维生素；维 抨击 indoors/,n'db:zadv.在室内；他命 uncooked/n'kkt/adj.未煮过进入室内 的：生的 imagination /I maed3I'neifn/n 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.plenty/plenti/n.大量；众多pron.大量；充足 形容词形式：plentiful(丰富的；充足的) 副词形式：plentifully(丰富地) 构词解析：后缀-：加在名词后构成形容词，表“充满…的”；y构成副词。 同类词：beautiful(美丽的)、careful(仔细的) 例句：There are plenty of books in our school library. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册同步练习）：We have time to finish the work,so don't worry 2.awful/'of/adj.糟糕的；可怕的：极坏的 副词形式：awfully(非常；极其) 构词解析：后缀ful:加在名词awe(敬畏；恐惧)后构成形容词，表“充满…的”；y构成副词。 例句：The weather is awful today,so we can't go out. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册教材例句）：What an awful day!It has rained for three hours. 3.blood /blAd/n.血；血液；血统 形容词形式：bloody(流血的；血腥的) 8年级下册教科版 【同步精讲】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 构词解析：后缀-y:加在名词后构成形容词，表“有…的；似…的”。 同类词：cloudy(多云的)、rainy(下雨的) 例句：He hurt his hand and there was blood on his shirt.. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册同步练习）：The_story made the children scared. 4.uncooked/,n'kkt/adj.未煮过的：生的 反义词：cooked(煮熟的) 构词解析：前缀un-:表“否定；相反”，加在过去分词cooked前构成反义词。 同类词：unhappy(不开心的)、unhealthy(不健康的) 例句：Eating uncooked meat is bad for your health. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册教材例句）：Do you like uncooked vegetables in salads? 5.prevent /prI'vent/v.预防；阻止；防止 名词形式：prevention(预防；阻止) 固定搭配：prevent sb.from doing sth.(阻止某人做某事) 构词解析：前缀pre-:表“预先；提前”；后缀ion:构成名词，表“动作或过程”。 例句：We should wash hands often to prevent illness. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册同步练习）：The government took action to_the spread of the disease. 6.inform/m'fm/v.通知：告知；报告 名词形式：information(信息；消息) 形容词形式：informative(提供信息的) 构词解析：前缀in-:表“进入；向内”：后缀-ation:构成名词，表“结果或状态”；-ative:构成形 容词，表“有…性质的”。 例句：Please inform me when you arrive at the station, 真题链接（教科版八年级下册同步练习）：Can you give me some about the summer camp? 7.fire /'fara(/n.火；火灾；炉火v.点燃；解雇 形容词形式：fiery(火的：炽热的：易怒的) 构词解析：后缀y:加在名词后构成形容词，表“有…性质的”。 例句：Be careful with fire when you are camping 真题链接（教科版八年级下册教材例句）：The fire spread quickly and burned down the house. 8.indoors/,m'dbz/adv.在室内：进入室内 反义词：outdoors(在户外) 构词解析：前缀in-:表“在…内”，加在名词doors前构成副词；out-表“在…外”，构成反义 词。 例句：It's raining heavily,so we have to stay indoors. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册同步练习)：We usually do sports._in winter. 9.imagination1,med3'neun/n.想象：想象力：空想 8年级下册教科版 【同步精讲】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 动词形式：imagine(想象：设想) 形容词形式：imaginative(富有想象力的) 构词解析：前缀im-:表“使…；加以…”；后缀-ation:构成名词，表“动作或结果”；-ative: 构成形容词。 例句：Children have a strong imagination and can create many stories. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册同步练习）：Can you what life will be like in 100 years? 10.fat/fet/n.脂肪；肥肉adj.肥胖的；肥的 比较级：fatter(更胖的) 最高级：fattest(最胖的) 动词形式：fatten（使变胖) 构词解析：形容词变比较级和最高级时，以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写末尾字 母加-er/-cst。 例句：Eating too much sweet food will make you fat. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册同步练习）：The pig is getting Land because it eats a lot 11.risk/risk/n.风险；危险；冒险V.冒险：冒…的风险 形容词形式：isky(有风险的；危险的) 固定搭配：take a risk(冒险)：at risk(处于危险中) 构词解析：后缀-y:加在名词后构成形容词，表“有…风险的”。 例句：Don't risk climbing that tall tree.It's dangerous. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册同步练习）：Swimming in the river alone is_ l2.vitamin/'vitamm/n.维生素；维他命 复数形式：vitamins 构词解析：名词变复数时，一般在词尾加-s(无特殊变化)。 例句：Fruits and vegetables are rich in vitamins. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册教材例句）：You need to take vitamins every day to stay healthy. 综合训练 一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.Eating more fruits and vegetables can provide enough (维生素)for your body. 7.The government has taken action to improve public health _measures. 8.She has a strong_ (想象力)and often writes interesting stories. 9.There is a. (of rain tomorrow,so take an umbrella with you 10.His (from the party made everyone feel disappointed. 8年级下册教科版 【同步精讲】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The story was so (blood)that some children cried.(blood) 2.We should wash hands often to prevent the (spread)of diseases.(spread) 3.The teacher asked us to (imagination)life on Mars.(imagination) 4.Eating _(cook)meat is safer than eating raw meat.(cook) 5.The (inform)you provided helped us solve the problem quickly.(inform) 6.The (fat)man decided to lose weight by exercising every day.(fat) 7.Swimming alone in deep water is_(risk).(risk) 8.The room was (plenty)decorated with colorful balloons.(plenty) 9.He spoke (awful)fast,so I couldn't catch his words.(awful) 10.The (prevent)of forest fires is everyone's responsibility.(prevent) 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.医生建议我们阻止孩子们玩危险的游戏。 Doctors advise us to children dangerous games. 2.他的演讲充满了有用的信息，非常有教育意义。 His speech was full of useful_and very 3.我们有充足的时间完成这项工作，所以不用着急。 We have. time to finish the work,so don't worry. 4.吃未煮熟的食物对你的健康有害。 Eating food is bad for your 5.她的想象力很丰富，能创造出许多有趣的角色。 She has an and can create many interesting characters. 6.为了保持健康，我们应该每天摄入足够的维生素。 To keep healthy,we should take enough every day. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 4 8年级下册教科版 【同步精讲】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 Health is important for everyone.To stay healthy,we need to pay attention to our diet and habits. First,we should eat more fruits and vegetables,which are rich in_(vitamin).Avoid eating too much_ (fat)food or_ -(cook)meat,as they may harm our health.Second,we should take exercise regularly to prevent_ (ill).It's also important to have a good(imagine)and stay positive.Remember, (prevent)is better than cure.If you feel unwell,inform your parents or teachers (immediate). 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.vitamins 7.prevention 8.imagination 9.risk 10.absence I工.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.bloody 2.spread 3.imagine 4.cooked 5.information 6.fat 7.risky 8.plentifully 9.awfully 10.prevention I.完成句子 1.prevent;from playing 2.information;informative 3.plenty of 4.uncooked;health 5.imaginative mind 6.vitamins V,语篇填空 vitamins;fat;uncooked,illness;imagination;prevention;immediately 5