Unit 8 I'll help to clean up the city parks-2025-2026学年七年级下册英语词汇变形及词缀精讲（鲁教版）

7年级下册鲁教版 【寒假专版】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 寒假专版 【Unit8】I'll help to clean up the city parks 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 cheer /tfia/v.欢呼：喝彩n.欢fix /fiks/v.修理：安装；确定 understand Anda'staend/v.(un- 呼声：喝彩声 broken/'braukan/adj.破碎的；derstood,understood)理解；明白 volunteer/voln'ta(r)/n.志愿损坏的 change∫emd3/v.改变：变化： 者V.自愿做：义务做 disabled/ds'ebld/adj.残疾的；交换n.变化；零钱 sig/sa/n.标志：信号v.签名：有缺陷的 several/'sevra/adj.几个；若干 示意 imagine/i'med3n/v.想象；设pron.几个 notice/nautis/n.通知；布告V.想 strong/strD)/ad.强壮的：坚固 注意到；意识到 difficulty/drfikalti/n.困难；难的：强烈的 lonely/'launli/adj.孤独的：寂寞题 satisfaction/.saetis'faek [n/n. 的 excited/ik'sartId/adj..兴奋的：激意；满足 raise/reiz/v.举起：提高：筹集；动的 journey/d33ni/n.旅行；旅程 养育 training/'tremu)/n.训练：培训interest/'mntrast/n.兴趣；爱好 alone/A'lan/adj.单独的：独自kindness/kaindnas/n.仁慈：善V.使感兴趣 的adv.独自地 良 project/'prDd3ekt/.n.项目；工程 repair'pea(r)/v.&n.修理；修clever /'kleva)/adj.聪明的：聪coach /kaut[/n.教练；长途汽车 补 颖的 V.训练：指导 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.volunteer/,vplan'ta(r)/n.志愿者v.自愿做；义务做 名词形式：volunteer(志愿者) 动词形式：volunteer(自愿做) 构词解析：前缀volun-(-will,意志)+后缀-eer(表“从事…职业的人”)，合为“按个人意志 行动的人”，即“志愿者”。 同类词：engineer(工程师)、pioneer(先锋) Many students volunteer to help the elderly in the community on weekends. 真题链接（鲁教版七年级下册同步练习）：He decidedto__(volunteer)at the animal hospital during the summer vacation.(答案：volunteer) 2.lonely/launli/ad.孤独的：寂寞的 7年级下册鲁教版 【寒假专版】 E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 名词形式：loneliness(孤独) 近义词辨析：alone(独自的，强调状态)：lonely(孤独的，强调情感) 构词解析：词根lone(单独的)+后缀y(形容词后缀，表“具有…性质的”)，强调“情感上的 孤独”。 The old man lives alone,but he never feels lonely because he has many friends. 真题链接（鲁教版七年级下册教材例句）：She was lonely and needed a friend to talk to. 3.disabled/ds'erbld/adj.残疾的；有缺陷的 动词形式：disable(使残疾：使丧失能力) 名词形式：disability(残疾：缺陷) 构词解析：前缀dis(表“否定、相反”)+ble(能够的)+后缀-ed(构成形容词)，合为“不能 (正常)行动的”，即“残疾的”。 同类词：unhappy(不开心的)、dislike(不喜欢) 例句：We should help disabled people instead of laughing at them. 真题链接（鲁教版七年级下册同步练习）：The organization provides job training for(disable) people.(答案：disabled) 4.excitement/ik'saitment/n.兴奋；激动 形容词形式：excited(感到兴奋的，修饰人)：exciting(令人兴奋的，修饰物) 动词形式：excite(使兴奋：使激动) 构词解析：前缀ex-（表“加强"”)+cite(唤起)+后缀-ment(名词后缀，表“行为或结果”)，合 为“被唤起的强烈情绪”，即“兴奋”。 The children jumped up and down with excitement when they heard the good news. 真题链接（鲁教版七年级下册同步练习）：The(excite))news made everyone cheer loudly..(答 案：exciting) 5.kindness/kaindnas/n.仁慈；善良 形容词形式：kind(善良的：友好的) 副词形式：kindly(友好地；和蔼地) 构词解析：词根kind(善良的)+后缀-ness(名词后缀，表“性质、状态”)，合为“善良的品质”。 同类词：happiness(幸福)、sadness(悲伤) 例句：Her kindness to the homeless cat made us all moved, 真题链接（鲁教版七年级下册教材例句）：Thank you for your kindness,.but I can do it myself. 6.satisfaction/.sets'fek/n.满意：满足 形容词形式：satisfied(感到满意的，修饰人)：satisfying(令人满意的，修饰物) 动词形式：satisfy(使满意：满足) 构词解析：前缀satis-(足够)+fact(做)+后缀-ion(名词后缀，表“行为或结果”)，合为“做得 足够好的结果”，即“满意”。 例句：Ie smiled with satisfaction after finishing the difficult task. 真题链接（鲁教版七年级下册同步练习）：My parents are (satisfy)with my progress in study. (答案：satisfied) 7年级下册鲁教版 【寒假专版】 ,E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 7.interesting/'mntrostu)/adj.有趣的：引起兴趣的 名词形式：interest(兴趣；爱好) 形容词形式：interested(感兴趣的，修饰人)：interesting(令人感兴趣的，修饰物) 构词解析：前缀inter--(表“在…之间”)+est(存在)+后缀-ing（形容词后缀，表“令人… 的”)，合为“在人之间存在的吸引力”，即“有趣的”。 This story is so interesting that all the students are listening carefully. 真题链接（鲁教版七年级下册同步练习）：一Are you(interest)in playing basketball?一Yes,I am.(答案：interested) 8.several/'sevral/adj.几个；若干pron.几个 近义词：some(一些)、afew(几个) 构词解析：词根sever(分开)+后缀-al(形容词/代词后缀)，原指“分开的多个”，后引申为“几 个；若干”。 例句：He bought several books from the bookstore yesterday 真题链接（鲁教版七年级下册教材例句）：There are several students waiting for the teacher in the classroom 9.strong/stD则/ad.强壮的：坚固的：强烈的 副词形式：strongly(强烈地：坚定地) 名词形式：strength（力量；强度) 构词解析：词根song（力量)+后缀-y(副词后缀)，构成副词“强烈地”。 固定搭配：be strong in(在…方面擅长) 例句：Regular exercise can make us strong and healthy 真题链接（鲁教版七年级下册同步练习)：She(strong)believes that hard work leads to success. (答案：strongly) l0.project/'pDd3kt/n.项目；工程 动词形式：project(计划；投射，读音为pra'd3kt/) 构词解析：前缀pro-(表“向前”)+ject(投掷)，合为“向前投掷（计划或方案）”，即“项目；工 程”。 同类词：inject(注射)、reject(拒绝) 例句：Our class is working on a science project about the environment. 真题链接（鲁教版七年级下册教材例句）：We need to finish the school project by the end of this month. 11.journey/d33nin.旅行；旅程 近义词：trip（短途旅行)、travel(泛指旅行) 构词解析：词根joum(=day,一天)+后缀-ey(名词后缀)，原指“一天的行程”，后泛指“旅行”。 例句：We had a wonderful journey from Beijing to Shanghai by train.. 真题链接（鲁教版七年级下册同步练习）：The_(journey)to the mountain took us three hours. (答案：journey) l2.training/'tremn/n.训练：培训 3 7年级下册鲁教版 【寒假专版】 ,E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 动词形式：train(训练：培训) 名词形式：trainer(教练：训练者) 构词解析：词根train(训练)+后缀-ing(名词后缀，表“行为或过程”)，合为“训练的过程”。 The athletes are having daily training to prepare for the competition. 真题链接（鲁教版七年级下册同步练习）：She needs more (train)before she can become a good dancer..(答案：training) 综合训练 一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.Many students want to be (志愿者)to help people in need. 2.The old woman lives alone but never feels (孤独的)because she has a pet dog. 3.We should show kindness to_(残疾的)people in our daily life 4.The children cheered with (兴奋)when they saw the cartoon characters.. 5.Her_ (善良)touched everyone around her. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.She decided to (volunteer)at the community center this weekend. 2.The (excite)news made all of us jump with joy. 3.My parents are (satisfy)with my grades this term. 4.Are you (interest)in learning English songs? 5.He (strong)believes that we can achieve our dreams with hard work. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.这位工程师正在努力完成这个新项目。 The is working hard to finish the new 2.我们的旅程花了大约两小时。 Our took about two hours. 3.她需要更多的训练才能成为一名优秀的歌手。 She needs more to become a good singer. 4 7年级下册鲁教版 【寒假专版】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 4.他独自一人生活，但并不感到孤独。 He lives but he doesn't feel 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Last summer,I joined a volunteer project.We helped(disable)children in a special school.At first,I was a little nervous,but their (kind)made me feel at home.Every day,we did (interest)activities with them,like drawing and singing.Seeing their happy faces brought me a lot of (satisfy).One boy even said I was his best friend,which filled me with (excite).This experience taught me the importance of helping others.Now,I often (volunteer)my time to help people in need. 参考答案 I根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.volunteer 2.lonely 3.disabled 4.excitement 5.kindness Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.volunteer 2.exciting 3.satisfied 4.interested 5.strongly I.完成句子 1.engineer;project 2.journey 3.training 4.alone;lonely V.语篇填空 1.disabled 2.kindness 3.interesting 4.satisfaction 5.excitement 6.volunteer 5