Unit 7 What's the matter-2025-2026学年七年级下册英语词汇变形及词缀精讲（鲁教版）

7年级下册鲁教版 【寒假专版】 ，E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 寒假专版 【Unit7】What's the matter? 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 matter/'mata)/n.事情：问题sick/sk/ad.生病的：恶心的 性；重要 V.要紧；有重大影响 climber/'kama)/n.登山者：decision/dr'sI3n/n.决定；抉择 stomachache/'stamakerk/n.胃攀登者 control /kan'tr/v.控制：支配 痛；腹痛 risk /risk/n.风险：危险 n.控制：管理 fever/fi:var)/n.发烧：发热 V冒险 spirit/'sprt/n.精神；心灵；勇 break /brerk/v.(broke,.broken)take risks/teik risks/短语冒险 气 打破；打碎：违反 situation/,stu'en/n.情况；形death/de0/n.死：死亡 n.休息 势 trouble/'trAbl/n.麻烦；烦恼 hurt /h3t/v.hut,hut)伤害：疼mean /mi:n/v.(meant,neant)意v.使烦恼：打扰 痛 思是：打算：意味着 nurse /n3s/n.护士 n.伤害痛苦 importance/m'p3tns/n.重要V.护理；照料 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.sick/sk/adj.生病的：恶心的 名词形式：sickness(疾病；呕吐) 构词解析：后缀-nss:加在形容词后构成抽象名词，表“性质、状态”。 同类词：illness(疾病)、happiness(幸福) 例句：My mother took care of me when I was sick. 真题链接（鲁教版7下同步练习）：The old man often suffers from_(sick)in winter.(答案： sickness) 2.climber/'klarme()/n.登山者：攀登者 动词形式：climb(爬：攀登) 构词解析：后缀-：加在动词后，表示“做…的人/物”。 同类词：teacher(教师)、unner(跑步者) 例句：The climber reached the top of the mountain after hours of hard work. 真题链接（鲁教版7下教材例句)：Many climbers try to climb Qomolangma every year. 3.importance/im'po:tns/n.重要性；重要 形容词形式：important(重要的) 1 7年级下册鲁教版 【寒假专版】 E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 构词解析：后缀-ce:加在形容词后构成名词，表“性质、状态”。 同类词：distance(距离)、difference(差异) 例句：Our teacher always tells us the importance of studying hard. 真题链接（鲁教版7下同步练习）：It's(importance)for us to learn English wel.(答案： important) 4.decision/dr'sI3m/n.决定；抉择 动词形式：decide(决定) 构词解析：后缀-son:加在动词后构成名词，表“动作或结果”。 同类词：discussion(讨论)、division(（分开) 例句：She made a decision to study abroad next year. 真题链接（鲁教版7下教材例句）：We need to make a decision before Friday.. 5.control /kan'tral/v.控制：支配n.控制：管理 形容词形式：controllable(可控制的) 构词解析：前缀con-:表“共同、一起”；后缀-ble:加在动词后构成形容词，表“可…的”。 例句：The driver tried to control the car when it skidded. 真题链接（鲁教版7下同步练习)：You should learn to__(control)your emotions..(答案：control) 6.death/deθ/n.死；死亡 动词形式：die(死亡) 形容词形式：dead(死的) 构词解析：后缀-h:加在动词后构成抽象名词，表“动作或状态”。 同类词：growth(成长)、uth(真理) The doctor worked hard to save the patient's life,but he still faced death 真题链接（鲁教版7下同步练习）：His grandfather(death)last year..(答案：died) 7.nurse /n3s/n.护士V.护理；照料 名词形式：nursing(护理；护理工作) 构词解析：后缀-ig:加在动词后构成名词，表“动作或职业”。 例句：The nurse took good care of the sick child in the hospital. 真题链接（鲁教版7下教材例句)：My aunt works as a nurse in a big hospital. 8.mean/min/v.(meant,.meant)意思是；打算；意味着 名词形式：meaning（意思；含义) 形容词形式：meaningful(有意义的) 构词解析：后缀-ig:加在动词后构成名词：-：加在名词后构成形容词，表“充满…的”。 例句：What does this word mean?Can you tell me its meaning? 真题链接（鲁教版7下同步练习）：The trip to the museum was very _(meaning)for us..(答案： meaningful) 9.trouble'trAbl/n.麻烦：烦恼v.使烦恼：打扰 2 7年级下册鲁教版 【寒假专版】 ,E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 形容词形式：troublesome(麻烦的：讨厌的) 构词解析：后缀-some:加在名词后构成形容词，表“引起…的：具有…性质的”。 同类词：tiresome(令人疲倦的)、awesome(令人敬畏的) 例句：Don't trouble your parents when they are busy: 真题链接（鲁教版7下教材例句）：HIe often gets into trouble at school. 10.risk /risk/n.风险；危险V.冒险 形容词形式：isky(有风险的) 构词解析：后缀-y:加在名词后构成形容词，表“具有…性质的”。 同类词：cloudy(（多云的)、rainy(下雨的) 例句：It's dangerous to take risks when climbing mountains.. 真题链接（鲁教版7下同步练习）：Swimming in the river alone is」 risk).(答案：isky) l1.situation/,stu'e虹n/n.情况；形势 动词形式：situate(使位于：使处于) 构词解析：后缀-ation:加在动词后构成名词，表“动作或状态”。 同类词：edt1 cation(教育)、invitation(邀请) 例句：We need to think of a way to improve the situation. 真题链接（鲁教版7下教材例句）：Can you describe the situation in detail? 综合训练 一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.The doctor explained the (重要性)of regular exercise to the patients. 7.After hours of discussion,they finally made a()to postpone the trip 8.The (登山者)prepared enough food and water for the journey. 9.The nurse's()helped the patient recover quickly 10.Parents should teach children how to face()correctly. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 5.It's(risk)to walk on the thin ice in winter. 6.The (mean)of this sentence is not clear to me. 7.We need to take (control)of our own future 8.The (sick)made him stay in bed for a whole week. 3 7年级下册鲁教版 【寒假专版】 ,E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 9.Her (decide)to study medicine surprised everyone 10.The situation is getting better with our efforts,but it's still not (control). 三、完成句子（每空一词) 4.他的祖父去年去世了。 His grandfather last year. 5.这位护士擅长照顾生病的孩子。 The is good at taking care of children 6.我们应该学会控制自己的情绪。 We should learn to our 7.这个单词是什么意思？你能告诉我它的含义吗？ What does this word Can you tell me its? 8.独自在河里游泳是有风险的。 in the river alone is 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Mountaineering is a popular sport,but it can be very dangerous.Every year,many (climb)try to reach the top of high mountains.Some of them face great (difficult),and even (die) sometimes Last month,a team of climbers had an accident.They lost(control)of their path in a sudden storm.Luckily,a(nurse)who was traveling nearby gave them first aid.Her quick action saved their lives.After the accident,the team realized the(important)of preparing well before climbing.They also learned to make wise (decide)in dangerous situations. Although climbing has its(risk),people still love it because it brings a sense of achievement 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.importance 7.decision 8.climber 9.nursing 10.death Ⅱ用所给单词的适当形式填空 5.risky 6.meaning 7.control 8.sickness 9.decision 10.controllable 4 7年级下册鲁教版 【寒假专版】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 II完成句子 4.died 5.nurse;sick 6.control;emotions 7.mean;meaning 8.Swimming;risky V,语篇填空 1.climbers 2.difficulties 3.death 4.control 5.nurse 6.importance 7.decisions 8.risks 5