Unit 5 Sports and sportsmanship-2025-2026学年七年级下册英语词汇变形及词缀精讲（沪外版）

初中沪外版7年级下 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 寒假专版 【Unit5】Sports and sportsmanship 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 sportsmanship/'spo:tsmanfip/h.opponent/A'paunant/n.对手；竞况；形势 体育精神：运动员风范 争者 kindness/'kamndnas/n.仁慈；善 shake/小ek/v/n.摇动；摇晃；抖rank /raenk/n.N.等级：军衔：排良；好意 动 列；把…分等级 federation/.feda'reln/n.联邦； respect /ri'spekt/v..m.尊敬；尊grant /grant/v.n.授予；给予；联盟 重；敬意 补助金 European joara'pi:an/adj./n. judge/d3Ad3w.m.判断；断定；unexpected/,nk'spektid/adj.洲的：欧洲人 法官：裁判员 出乎意料的：始料不及的 treat /tri:t/v.n.对待：看待；款 encourage/m'kId3v.鼓励：激allow /a'la/y.允许：准许；给待 励 予 reason/'i:z/m..原因；理由； support/s3ptV.h.支持；拥rush /rAf/v.n.冲：匆忙；仓促推理 护：支撑 chance /tfa:ns/n.~.机会；可能importance /im'p3tns/n.重要 mistake /mI'sterk/n.w.错误：失性；偶然发生 性重要 误：误解 advantage /ad'va:ntId3h.有利achieve/A'ti:v/w.(凭长期努力) teammate/'ti:mmert/n.队友；同 条件；优势 达到：得到 队队员 situation/,stu'eIn/n.情况；状reaction/ri'kn/m.反应；▣应 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.respect /r'spekt/v.n.尊敬；尊重；敬意 词汇变形 形容词形式：respectful(恭敬的)：副词形式：respectfully(恭敬地) 构词解析 前缀re-:表“再、重复”；后缀fl:加在名词后构成形容词，表“充满…的”；-y构成副词。 同类词 careful(小心的)→carefully(小心地) 例句 We should respect our teachers and parents. 真题链接（沪外版七年级下册同步练习） Students should be(respect)to their elders. 初中沪外版7年级下 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 2.encourage/m'kArId3y.鼓励：激励 词汇变形 名词形式：encouragement(鼓励)；形容词形式：encouraging(令人鼓舞的) 构词解析 前缀en-:表“使…成为”；后缀-ment:构成名词，表“行为或结果”；-ing构成形容词，表“令 人…的”。 例句 Teachers often encourage us to study hard. 真题链接（沪外版七年级下册教材例句） Her words were a great_(encourage)to me. 3.support /sa'po:t/v./n.支持：拥护：支撑 词汇变形 形容词形式：supportive（支持的) 构词解析 后缀-ive:加在动词后构成形容词，表“有…性质的”。 同类词 active(积极的)、creative(有创造力的) 例句 My parents always support my hobbies. 真题链接（沪外版七年级下册同步练习） She is lucky to have a-(support)family. 4.mistake/mI'tek/n.~.错误：失误；误解 词汇变形 形容词形式：mnistaken(错误的：误解的) 构词解析 前缀mis-:表“错误地”：后缀-en:构成形容词，表“处于…状态的”。 例句 Everyone makes mistakes in life. 真题链接（沪外版七年级下册同步练习） You are(mistake)about the time of the party. 5.allow/'la/w.允许；准许：给予 词汇变形 名词形式：allowance(津贴；允许)：形容词形式：allowable(允许的) 构词解析 后缀-ance:构成名词，表“行为或状态”；-able:构成形容词，表“可…的”。 同类词 enjoy→enjoyment(乐趣)：comfort→comfortable(舒适的) 例句 My parents don't allow me to stay up late. 2 初中沪外版7年级下 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 真题链接（沪外版七年级下册教材例句） We have a monthly_(allow)for books. 6.achieve/'t:vw.(凭长期努力)达到：得到 词汇变形 名词形式：achievement(成就：成绩) 构词解析 前缀a-:表“朝向”；后缀-ment:构成名词，表“结果或成就”。 例句 She worked hard to achieve her goals. 真题链接（沪外版七年级下册同步练习） Winning the competition was a great_(achieve)for her. 7.importance/m'po:tns/m.重要性；重要 词汇变形 形容词形式：important（重要的) 构词解析 前缀im-:表“使…”；后缀-ance:构成名词，对应的形容词后缀为-ant。 例句 We should understand the importance of learning English. 真题链接（沪外版七年级下册教材例句） It is_(importance)to eat healthy food. 8.kind /kamd/adj.友善的；和蔼的 词汇变形 名词形式：kindness(仁慈；善良)：副词形式：kindly(友善地) 构词解析 后缀-ness:加在形容词后构成名词，表“性质或状态”；-y构成副词。 例句 She is a kind girl and always helps others. 真题链接（沪外版七年级下册同步练习） Thank you for your_(kind). 9.Eur*opean/,jUar3'pi:an/adj.n.欧洲的：欧洲人 词汇变形 名词形式（地区）：Europe(欧洲) 构词解析 后缀-an:加在地名后，表“…的：…人”。 同类词 Asian(亚洲的：亚洲人)←-Asia(亚洲) 例句 He is a European from France. 3 初中沪外版7年级下 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 真题链接（沪外版七年级下册同步练习） (Europe)countries are famous for their history. l0.react/ri'ekt/.反应；▣应 词汇变形 名词形式：reaction(反应：回应) 构词解析 前缀re-:表“回、反”；后缀-ion:构成名词，表“动作或结果”。 例句 How did he react to the news? 真题链接（沪外版七年级下册同步练习） Her(react)to the gift was very happy. 11.judge/d3Ad3v.n.判断：断定；法官；裁判员 词汇变形 名词形式：judgment/judgement(判断；判决)；形容词形式：judicial(司法的，较高级) 构词解析 后缀ment:构成名词，表“行为或结果”。 例句 Don't judge others by their appearance. 真题链接（沪外版七年级下册同步练习) We need to make a(judge)about this problem. 12.treat/tri:t/w.n.对待：看待：款待 词汇变形 名词形式：treatment(治疗；对待) 构词解析 后缀-ment:构成名词，表“行为或过程”。 例句 My mother treats everyone with kindness. 真题链接（沪外版七年级下册同步练习） The doctor gave him good(treat). 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.We should show _(to our parents and teachers. 2.Her words gave me great_(鼓励)to keep trying 3.The_(欧洲的)culture has a long history and rich traditions. 4 初中沪外版7年级下 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 4.He made a serious(in the math exam yesterday 5.My parents always give me_(when I face difficulties. 6.The teacher's_()made it possible for us to have a picnic. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.Students should be(respect)to their elders and teachers 2.Her_(encourage)helped me get through the hard time. 3.It's(mistake)to think that learning English is easy. 4.The_(achieve)ofhis team made everyone proud. 5.She is lucky to have a(support)family that stands by her. 6.How did he(react)to the good news from his friend? 三、完成句子（每空一词) 1.我的父母总是支持我的决定。 My parents always-my decisions. 2.不要仅凭外表判断他人。 Don't others by their appearance. 3.她对这个礼物的反应非常开心。 Her to the gift was very happy 4.我们需要对这个问题做出判断。 We need to make a about this problem. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Reading is an important part of learning English.Many students find it hard to read well,but with the right methods,it can be(help).First,try to read materials that interest you.This will give you the (encourage)to keep reading.Second,don't be afraid of making-(mistake).Everyone learns from errors.Third,ask your teachers or parents for_(support)when you meet difficulties.They will give you useful advice and(allow)you to take your time.Finally,remember that reading is a journey of_(achieve).Enjoy the process,and you will see progress soon. 初中沪外版7年级下 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 参考答案 I根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.respect 2.encouragement 3.European 4.mistake 5.support 6.allowance Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.respectful 2.encouragement 3.mistaken 4.achievement 5.supportive 6.react I.完成句子 1.support 2.judge 3.reaction 4.judgment V.语篇填空 1.helpful 2.encouragement 3.mistakes 4.support 5.allow 6.achievement 6