Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected-2025-2026学年九年级全一册英语词汇变形及词缀精讲（人教版）

9年级全一册人教 【寒假专版】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 寒假专版 【Unit 12】Life is full of the unexpected, 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 unexpected /.Anik'spektid/adj.airport /'eap:(r)t/n. sell out卖光 出乎意料的；始料不及的 till /trl/conj.&prep到；直到 discovery/d'skAvarI/n.发现： by the time在…以前 west/west//adv.向西：朝西adj.发觉 backpack/bakpaek/n.背包；旅 向西的：西部的n.西：西方 lady/'led/n.女士；女子 行包 dead[ded]adj..死的：失去生命cancel/'kaensl/v.取消：终止 oversleep/.va(r)'slip/v.睡过的 officer/'fisa/,'a:fisa/n.军官： 头；睡得太久 cream /kri::m/n.奶油；乳脂 官员 give.a lift捎（某人）一程 workday/'w3:r)kde/n.工作日 believable /br'li:vabl/adj.可相 block /blpk/,/blak/n.街区 show up赶到；露面 信的：可信任的 in line with(与…)成一排 bean/bi::n/n.豆；豆荚 disappear/.dsa'pIa/V.消失： worker/w3:)k)/n.工作者；market/‘ma:r)kt/n.市场：集不见 工人 市 embarrassing /Im'baerasin/a. stare/ste3,/ster/v.盯着看：凝fool/fu:l/n.蠢人：傻瓜v.愚弄人害羞的（难堪的或惭愧的） 视 costume /kDstju:m/,/'ka:sju:m/New Zealand /nju:'zi:land/ disbelief/dsbr'Ii:fn.不信：怀n.服装；装束 西兰 疑 embarrassed/m'ber3st/adj.窘Italy/'tal/意大利 above/'bav/adv.在上面：向迫的；害羞的 Mars /ma:()z/火星 上面prep.在…上面 costume party化装舞会 Matt/'met/马特（男名) burn /b3:)n/v.着火；燃烧 announce/'naons/v.宣布；宣Kevin/'kevm/凯文（男名） burning/b3:(r)n/adj.着火的；告 Carl /ka:V卡尔（男名） 燃烧的 spaghetti/sp3'get/n.意大利面Orson Welles/‘o:)san welz/奥 alive/a'larv/adj.活着：有生气条 森·韦尔斯 的 hoax /hauks/n.骗局：恶作刷 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.unexpected/.nk'spektId/adj.出乎意料的；始料不及的 动词形式：expect(期待：预料) 名词形式：expectation（期待；期望) 构词解析：前缀un-:表“否定”，加在形容词前构成反义词；expect+-ed构成形容词“预期的”， 1 9年级全一册人教 【寒假专版】 E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 unexpected即“未预期的”。 同类词：unhappy(不开心的)、unfair(不公平的) 例句：The unexpected rain made us cancel the picnic 真题链接（人教版九年级同步练习)：To everyone's surprise,.the_(expect)guest arrived at the party.(答案：unexpected) 2.oversleep/,va()'sli:p/V.睡过头；睡得太久 过去式/过去分词：overslept 名词形式：oversleeping(睡过头的行为) 构词解析：前缀over-:表“超过；过度”，sleep(睡觉)+over-构成“睡得过度”即“睡过头”。 同类词：overwork(过度工作)、入overeat(过量饮食) 例句：He overslept and missed the early bus this morning. 真题链接（人教版九年级教材例句)：By the time I got up,.my brother had already overslept, 3.disappear/dsa’pe/V.消失；不见 名词形式：disappearance(消失) 反义词：appear(出现) 构词解析：前缀dis-:表“否定；相反”，appear(出现)+dis-构成“不出现”即“消失”。 同类词：disagree(不同意)、dislike(不喜欢) 例句：The sun disappeared behind the clouds. 真题链接（人教版九年级同步练习)：The magician made the rabbit(appear)in a second.(答 案：disappear） 4.believable /bI'li:vabl/adj.可相信的；可信任的 动词形式：believe(相信) 反义词：unbelievable(难以置信的) 构词解析：后缀-able:加在动词后构成形容词，表“可…的”，believe+-able即“可相信的”。 同类词：comfortable(舒适的)、enjoyable(愉快的) 例句：His story sounds believable,.so we all trust him. 真题链接（人教版九年级同步练习)：It's (believe)that he finished the task in such a short time. (答案：unbelievable) 5.embarrassed/im'baerast/adj.窘迫的：害羞的 动词形式：embarrass(使窘迫) 形容词（物作主语）：embarrassing(使人难堪的) 构词解析：前缀em-:表“使…”，embarrass+-ed构成形容词，表“感到窘迫的”；-ing表“令人 窘迫的”。 例句：She felt embarrassed when she forgot the answer in class. 真题链接（人教版九年级教材例句)：He was embarrassed to admit his mistake in front of the class. 6.discovery/d'SkAvarI/n.发现；发觉 动词形式：discover(发现) 2 9年级全一册人教 【寒假专版】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 构词解析：前缀dis-:表“去除；揭示”，cover(覆盖)+dis构成“揭开覆盖物”即“发现”，后缀 -y构成名词。 同类词：invention(发明)←-invent（发明) 例句：The discovery of electricity changed the world greatly. 真题链接（人教版九年级同步练习）：Columbus_(discovery)America in 1492.（答案：discovered) 7.cancel/'kaensl/v.取消：终止 过去式/过去分词：cancelled(英式)/canceled(美式) 名词形式：cancellation(取消) 构词解析：前缀ca-（此处为词源简化，原义“空白”)+-c构成“使空白”即“取消”。 例句：The flight was cancelled due to bad weather 真题链接（人教版九年级同步练习)：They decided」 (cancel)the meeting because of the heavy rain.(答案：to cancel) 8.worker'w3:)kar)/n.工作者：工人 动词形式：work(工作) 同类词：teacher(教师)←-teach(教)、writer(作家)←write(写) 构词解析：后缀-e:加在动词后构成名词，表“从事…的人”，work+-er即“工作的人”。 例句：My father is a factory worker and he works very hard.. 真题链接（人教版九年级教材例句)：The workers are building a new hospital in our neighborhood, 9.burning /'b3:c)nm/adj.着火的：燃烧的 动词原形：burn(燃烧) 过去式/过去分词：bumt/burned 构词解析：动词bum+后缀-ing构成形容词，表“正在燃烧的：燃烧着的”。 例句：We could see the burning building from miles away.. 真题链接（人教版九年级同步练习)：The(burni)candle gave off a warm light in the dark room. (答案：burning) l0.alive'laIv/ad.活着；有生气的 近义词：living(活着的)、live(活的，作定语) 反义词：dead(死的) 构词解析：前缀a-:表“在…状态中”，live(活)+a-构成“处于活着的状态”，只作表语。 例句：The cat was still alive after the accident. 真题链接（人教版九年级教材例句)：He was happy to find that all his family members were alive after the earthquake. 11.announcement/A'naunsmant//(衍生词)n.公告；宣告 动词形式：announce(宣布) 构词解析：announce+后缀-ment（表“行为结果”)构成名词，如“announce the news'”→“make an announcement”。 例句：The principal made an announcement about the school trip. 3 9年级全一册人教 【寒假专版】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 真题链接（人教版九年级同步练习)：The government (announcement)a new policy to protect the environment.(答案：announced) 12.helpful/helpfl/(拓展词，虽未直接出现，但构词典型)adj.有帮助的 动词形式：help(帮助) 反义词：helpless(无助的) 构词解析：后缀-fl:表“充满…的”，help+f即“有帮助的”；less表“无…的”。 例句：It's helpful to take notes in class. 真题链接（人教版九年级同步练习）：The little girl is so(help)that everyone likes her..(答案： helpful) 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The (出乎意料的)rain made us cancel the picnic. 2.He (睡过头)and missed the early bus this morning: 3.The sun (消失)behind the clouds. 4.His story sounds (可相信的)，so we all trust him, 5.She felt (窘迫的)when she forgot the answer in class. 6.The (of electricity changed the world greatly. 7.The flight was (取消)due to bad weather 8.My father is a factory (and he works very hard. 9.We could see the (燃烧的)building from miles away. 10.The cat was still (话着)after the accident. 11.The principal made an (公告)about the school trip. l2.It's_(有帮助的)to take notes in class. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.To everyone's surprise,the (expect)guest arrived at the party. 2.By the time I got up,my brother had already (oversleep). 3.The magician made the rabbit (appear)in a second. 9年级全一册人教 【寒假专版】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 4.It's (believe)that he finished the task in such a short time. 5.He was_ (embarrass)to admit his mistake in front of the class. 6.Columbus (discovery)America in 1492. 7.They decided (cancel)the meeting because of the heavy rain. 8.The (work)are building a new hospital in our neighborhood. 9.The (burn)candle gave off a warm light in the dark room. 10.He was happy to find that all his family members were_ (live)after the earthquake. 11.The government(announcement)a new policy to protect the environment. 12.The little girl is so (help)that everyone likes her. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.他的故事听起来难以置信。 His story sounds 2.父母总是期待孩子们的成功。 Parents always have for their children's success. 3.太阳消失后，天很快黑了下来。 After the sun behind the clouds,it got dark quickly. 4.老师建议我们每天练习英语口语。 The teacher suggested we practice spoken English every day,which is very 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 5 9年级全一册人教 【寒假专版】 ,E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 Yesterday was full of (expect)events.I (oversleep)and almost missed the school bus. When I finally arrived,the teacher was making an (announce)about a surprise test.At first,I thought it was (believe),but it turned out to be true. During the test,I saw a bird (appear)outside the window.It flew away quickly,and I couldn' t focus.After the test,I felt (embarrass)because I didn't finish it.My friend Tom tried to cheer me up with a(help)story,but I was too upset. In the afternoon,we heard the news of a new (discovery)in science class.The teacher said it was (believe)how much technology has changed our lives.By the end of the day,I realized even (expected)days can teach us something new. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.unexpected 2.overslept 3.disappeared 4.believable 5.embarrassed 6.discovery 7.cancelled/canceled 8.worker 9.burning 10.alive 11.announcement 12.helpful Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.unexpected 2.overslept 3.disappear 4.unbelievable 5.embarrassed 6.discovered 7.to cancel 8.workers 9.burning 10.alive 11.announced 12.helpful I.完成句子 1.unbelievable 2.expectations 3.disappeared 4.helpful V,语篇填空 1.unexpected 2.overslept 3.announcement 4.unbelievable 5.disappear 6.embarrassed 7.helpful 8.discovery 9.believable 10.unexpected 6