Unit 2 Getting Along-2025-2026学年九年级下册英语词汇变形及词缀精讲（教科版）

9年级下册教科版 【寒假专版】 ，E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 寒假专版 【Unit2】Getting Along 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 go bowling/ga0'bal/短语去片；滑稽 consideration /kan,sida'reIfn/n. 打保龄球 annual/'enju3l/adj.每年的；年考虑；深思；体贴 sketch/sket/n.素描：速写：草度的；一年生的n.年刊；年鉴sample/'sa:mpl//n.样本：样品： 图V.画素描：速写：概述 afford/'fo:d/v.买得起；承担试样v.抽样检查：采样 romance/raumaens/n.浪漫史；得起：提供 tube /tju:b/n.管子；软管；地铁 爱情故事：浪漫文学 scream/skri:m/V.尖叫；惊呼n.set up/setp/短语建立；设立； horror/'hDra(r/n.恐怖；恐惧；尖叫声；惊呼 安装 恐怖作品 pretend /prI'tend/v.假装：佯装： comedy/'kpmadi/n.喜剧：喜剧自称 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.annual/'enjual/a.每年的；年度的：一年生的n.年刊；年鉴 词汇变形 副词形式：annually(每年地；年度地) 构词解析 前缀annu-:表示“年”（来源于拉丁语annus);后缀-al:加在名词后构成形容词，表“有关… 的；具有…性质的”。 同类词：national(国家的)、natural(自然的) 例句：Our school holds an annual sports meeting in October.. 真题链接（教科版九年级下册同步练习）：The company publishes its(annual)report every March. (答案：annual) 2.afford/af6:d/v.买得起：承担得起；提供 词汇变形 形容词形式：affordable(负担得起的) 构词解析 前缀af:加强语气（相当于ad-,因f音同化）：词根ford:表示“提供”；后缀-able:加在动词后 构成形容词，表“可…的：能…的”。 同类词：comfortable(舒适的)、enjoyable(愉快的) 9年级下册教科版 【寒假专版】 ,E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 例句：We can't afford to buy a new house now because the price is too high. 真题链接（教科版九年级下册同步练习）：These new cars are small and (afford)for young people. (答案：affordable) 3.scream/skri:m/V.尖叫：惊呼n.尖叫声；惊呼 词汇变形 名词形式：screamer（尖叫者：发出尖叫声的东西) 构词解析 后缀-r:加在动词后，表“做…动作的人或物”。 同类词：teacher(教师)、unner(跑步者) 例句：The girl screamed when she saw a snake in the garden. 真题链接（教科版九年级下册同步练习)：The(scream)from the next room woke me up last night.(答案：scream) 4.pretend /pri'tend/v.假装：佯装；自称 词汇变形 形容词形式：pretended(假装的；虚假的) 名词形式：pretence/pretense(假装；借口，英式为pretence,美式为pretense) 构词解析 前缀pre-:表示“预先；向前”；词根tend:表示“伸展；趋向”；后缀-ed:构成形容词；-ence/ -ense:构成名词。 例句：He pretended to be sick so that he wouldn't have to go to school. 真题链接（教科版九年级下册同步练习）：She made a__(pretend)of being busy and refused to talk tous.(答案：pretence) 5.consideration /kan,sIa'reIn/n.考虑；深思；体贴 词汇变形 动词形式：consider(考虑：认为) 形容词形式：considerate(体贴的：考虑周到的) 构词解析 前缀con-:表示“共同；一起”；词根sider:表示“星星；思考”（原义“同星星一起观察”，引申 为“考虑”)：后缀-ation:加在动词后构成名词，表“动作或过程”；-ate:构成动词：-ate+-y一 considerate（去e加-ate+-ly变为形容词)。 同类词：education(教育)←-educate（教育)、invitation(邀请)←-invite(邀请) Please give the problem careful consideration before you make a decision. 真题链接（教科版九年级下册同步练习）：It was very(consider)of you to help me carry the heavy box.（答案：considerate) 6.sample/sa:mpl/n.样本；样品；试样v.抽样检查：采样 词汇变形 动词形式：sample(同形，本身可作动词) 形容词形式：sampling(抽样的：取样的，较少用) 9年级下册教科版 【寒假专版】 ,E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 构词解析 后缀ig:加在动词后可构成名词或形容词，表“…的行为或过程”。 例句：The company sent us a sample of their new product to test.. 真题链接（教科版九年级下册同步练习）：We need to(sample)the water in the river to check if it's polluted.（答案：sample) 7.tube/tju:b/n.管子；软管；地铁 词汇变形 动词形式：ube(用管子输送，较少用) 构词解析 无明显前后缀，属于基本词汇，动词形式由名词转化而来（名词动用）。 同类词：book(n.书→v.预订)、watr(n.水→V.浇水) 例句：She bought a tube of toothpaste from the supermarket. 真题链接（教科版九年级下册同步练习）：They_(ube)the oil from the well to the factory.(答 案：tubed) 8.set up/set Ap/短语建立；设立；安装 词汇变形 名词形式：stup(设置；机构：组织) 构词解析 由动词短语s$tup构成复合名词，中间无连字符，表“建立的事物或过程”。 例句：They plan to set up a new school in the village next year. 真题链接（教科版九年级下册同步练习）：The(set up)of the new library will take about six months.(答案：setup) 9.sketch/sketf/n.素描；速写：草图v.画素描；速写：概述 词汇变形 名词形式：sketcher(素描者：速写者) 动词形式：sketch(同形，本身可作动词) 构词解析 后缀-r:加在动词后，表“做…动作的人”。 She made a quick sketch of the mountain before painting it in detail. 真题链接（教科版九年级下册同步练习）：The artist_(sketch)the scene while sitting by the river. (答案：sketched) l0.romance/r3mens/n.浪漫史；爱情故事：浪漫文学 词汇变形 形容词形式：romantic(浪漫的：浪漫主义的) 构词解析 后缀tc:加在名词后构成形容词，表“与…有关的：具有…性质的”。 同类词：realistic(现实的)、dramatic(戏剧的) 例句：This novel is a beautiful romance about two young people in Paris. 3 9年级下册教科版 【寒假专版】 ，E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 真题链接（教科版九年级下册同步练习）：She likes reading (romance)novels because they make her feel happy.(答案：romantic) 11.horror/'hDra)/n.恐怖：恐惧；恐怖作品 词汇变形 形容词形式：horrible(可怕的：恐怖的) 副词形式：horribly(可怕地：非常) 构词解析 后缀-ible:加在名词后构成形容词(horror→horrible,去r加-ible;注意：-ible与-able类似，表 “可…的”，但此处已演变为“具有…性质的”)；y:构成副词。 同类词：terrible(可怕的)、visible（可见的) 例句：Idon't like watching horror movies because they make me scared.. 真题链接（教科版九年级下册同步练习）：The weather was(horror)yesterday-一cold and rainy all day.(答案：horrible) 12.comedy/'kpmadi/n.喜剧：喜剧片：滑稽 词汇变形 形容词形式：comic(喜剧的：滑稽的) 副词形式：comically(滑稽地) 构词解析 后缀-ic:加在名词后构成形容词，表“与…有关的；具有…性质的”；-ally:构成副词(comic →comically)。 同类词：nusic(音乐)→musical(音乐的)、magic(魔法)→magical(神奇的) 例句：We watched a comedy last night and laughed a lot 真题链接（教科版九年级下册同步练习)：His(comedy)performance made the audience clap loudly..(答案：comic) 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.My parents can't (买得起)to send me to study abroad, 7.We need to collect a (样本)of water from the lake for testing 8.The (地铁)is a convenient way to travel in big cities. 9.She drew a quick (素描)of the beautiful scenery. 10.The novel tells a touching (爱情故事)between two young people. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 4 9年级下册教科版 【寒假专版】 E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 6.The company holds an (annual)meeting to discuss future plans. 7.These books are」 (afford)for most students. 8.The girl let out a loud (scream)when she saw the mouse. 9.He made a (pretend)of being asleep to avoid talking to her 10.Thank you for your (consider),which made me feel warm 三、完成句子（每空一词) 5.这家工厂每年生产大量汽车。 The factory produces a lot of cars 6.他假装生病，所以没去上学。 He be ill,so he didn't go to school. 7.我们计划在这个社区建立一个新的图书馆。 We plan to a new library in this community. 8.她的表演非常滑稽，让我们都笑了。 Her performance made us all laugh. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Tom likes reading different kinds of books.He especially enjoys (romance)novels because they are full of love stories.Last week,he read a(horror)book,but it was too scary for him. He prefers (comedy)movies to sad ones because they can make him happy. Tom's father works in a company.Every March,the company publishes its (annual)report. His father is always busy at that time.Tom wants to help his father,but he is too young.He (pretend)to be an adult and tried to do some simple work,but it didn't work.His mother told him that he should study hard first.Tom thinks his mother is very (consider). 参考答案 I根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.afford 7.sample 8.tube 9.sketch 10.romance 9年级下册教科版 【寒假专版】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.annual 7.affordable 8.scream 9.pretence 10.consideration I.完成句子 5.annually 6.pretended to 7.set up 8.comic V.语篇填空 1.romantic 2.horror 3.comedy 4.annual 5.pretended 6.considerate 6