Unit 1 Language Learning-2025-2026学年八年级下册英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲（沪外版）

8年级下册沪外版 【语言学习专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 语言学习专版 【Unit 1】Language Learning 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 native/netv/adj.n.本地的：土regret /r'gret/v.n.后悔；懊悔；confidently/'kpnfidantli/adv.自 著的本地人：本国人 遗憾 信地：有把握地 pronunciation/pr3,nnsi'em/n.conference/kDnfarans/n.会议；realistic/,ri:a'listrk/adj.现实的： 发音：读音 研讨会 实际的：逼真的 refer /r'f3:)/v.提及：参考：查either or/'ara):)/phrase要motivation/mautr'verfn/n.动 阅 么…要么…；或者…或者机；动力：积极性 fund /fand/n.~.基金：专款：为… motivated /'mautrveitid/adj. …提供资金 secret/'si:krat//nadj.秘密：机积极性的：有动机的 payment/permant/n.付款；支密：秘密的：保密的 equivalent /I'kwivalant/adj./n. 付：报酬 experienced /ik'sprarianst/adj.相等的；等价的；对等物 savings/servuz/n.储蓄：存款有经验的：经验丰富的 词义辨析及同义替换 1.native/netv/adj.n.本地的；土著的；本地人：本国人 词义辨析： native:作形容词时，强调”出生地的、与生俱来的”，常修饰人或语言，如native speaker（母语 者)：作名词指”本地人、本国人”。 local:仅作形容词，侧重”当地的、本地的'，修饰事物或人，如local food(当地食物)，local people(当地人)。 同义替换： local,indigenous 例句： She is a native of Shanghai,so she speaks Shanghainese very well. 真题链接：（沪外版八年级下册同步练习） This is a plant in our city.You can't find it in other places. A.foreign B.native C.new (答案：B) 8年级下册沪外版 【语言学习专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 2.pronunciation.pr3.nnsi'en/n.发音：读音 词义辨析： pronunciation:指”发音的方式或过程”，是名词，强调语音的准确性。 accent:指”口音、腔调'，侧重因地域或文化差异形成的独特发音方式。 同义替换： articulation,enunciation 例句： Your English pronunciation is very clear.Can you teach me? 真题链接：（沪外版八年级下册单元测试） -How can I improve my English -You should listen to tapes and practice every day. A.pronunciation B.grammar C.vocabulary (答案：A) 3.refer'f3)/v.提及；参考；查阅 词义辨析： refer:常与介词to搭配，refer to表示'提及、参考、查阅'，如refer to a dictionary(查字典)： mention:直接接宾语，意为”提到、说起”，不强调”查阅”之意。 同义替换： mention,consult 例句： When I don't know a word,I usually refer to the dictionary. 真题链接：（沪外版八年级下册期中测试） The teacher to the new book several times in class today. A.referred B.mentioned C.talked (答案：A) 4.fnd/fnd/n.w.基金；专款；为…提供资金 词义辨析： fnd:作名词时指”基金、专款”，强调专门用途的资金：作动词指”为…提供资金”。 money:泛指”钱、货币'，含义最广，无特定用途。 同义替换： finance,money (n.);finance,support (v.) 例句： The school set up a fund to help poor students 真题链接：（沪外版八年级下册期末测试） The government will the project to build a new hospital A.fund B.save C.earn (答案：A) 5.payment/'peimant//n.付款；支付；报酬 2 8年级下册沪外版 【语言学习专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： payment:指”付款行为或支付的款项”，是名词，如make a payment(付款)。 pay:作动词时指”支付、付款”；作名词时指”工资、薪水”，侧重劳动报酬。 同义替换： payment-pay,remuneration;pay-salary,wage(n.) 例句： I made a payment of 200 yuan for the book 真题链接：（沪外版八年级下册同步练习） Please make the before Friday,or your order will be canceled. A.payment B.money C.cost(答案：A) 6.savings/'servuz/n.储蓄：存款 词义辨析： savings:指”储蓄的钱、存款”，常用复数形式，强调长期积累的资金。 saving:单数形式时指’节省、节约”，如a saving of time(节省时间)。 同义替换： deposits,savings account 例句： My parents keep their savings in the bank 真题链接：（沪外版八年级下册单元练习） She used her to buy a new computer A.savings B.money C.salary (答案：A) 7.regret /rI'gret/v.n.后悔：懊悔；遗憾 词义辨析： regret:作动词时，regret doing sth.表示”后悔做过某事'，regret to do sth.表示”遗憾要做某事'： 作名词指”懊悔、遗憾”的情绪。 soTy:常作形容词，表”抱歉的、难过的”，口语中用I'msoy表达歉意或遗憾。 同义替换： regret-remorse,sorrow (n.);regret-be sorry for (v.) 例句： I regret not studying hard when I was young. 真题链接：（沪外版八年级下册同步测试） He that he couldn't come to the party. A.regretted B.apologized C.promised (答案：A) 8.conference/'kDnfarans/n.会议；研讨会 3 8年级下册沪外版 【语言学习专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： conference:指”正式的会议、研讨会”，通常有特定主题，参会者较多。 mneeting:泛指”会议、集会”，可指正式或非正式的聚会，规模可大可小。 同义替换： meeting,seminar 例句： Our school will hold a conference on environmental protection next week 真题链接：（沪外版八年级下册期末复习） Many scientists will attend the international on space exploration A.conference B.meeting C.party (答案：A) 9.secret/'si:krat/n./adj..秘密；机密；秘密的：保密的 词义辨析： secret:作形容词时指’秘密的、不公开的”，作名词指”秘密、机密’，强调不为人知。 private:指”私人的、个人的”，侧重属于个人隐私，不一定是”秘密”。 同义替换： confidential,hidden (adj.);secret->mystery,secret (n.) 例句： It's a secret between you and me.Don't tell anyone else 真题链接：（沪外版八年级下册单元练习） Please keep this information Only a few people know it. A.secret B.public C.open (答案：A) l0.experienced/k'sprarianst/adj.有经验的：经验丰富的 词义辨析： experienced:指”有经验的”，强调通过实践获得的技能或知识，常与介词im搭配，如experienced in teaching（有教学经验)。 skilled:指'熟练的、有技能的'，侧重具备某种专业技能，如skilled worker(熟练工人)。 同义替换： seasoned,proficient 例句： My teacher is very experienced in dealing with students'problems 真题链接：（沪外版八年级下册期中测试） We need an doctor to help us with this difficult case. A.experienced B.young C.new (答案：A) l1.confidently/kDnfidantli//adv.自信地；有把握地 8年级下册沪外版 【语言学习专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： confidently:副词，强调'充满信心地、有把握地”做某事，修饰动词。 proudly:副词，指”骄傲地、自豪地”，侧重因成就或品质而自豪。 同义替换： assuredly,self-confidently 例句： She answered the question confidently in class 真题链接：（沪外版八年级下册同步练习） He walked onto the stage to give a speech. A.confidently B.nervously C.slowly (答案：A) 12.realistic/i:a'lstk/adj.现实的；实际的：逼真的 词义辨析： realistic:指？现实的、符合实际的'，强调基于事实而非幻想；也可指”逼真的”，如realistic painting (逼真的画)。 practical:指”实用的、切实可行的”，侧重解决实际问题，如practical advice(实用建议)。 同义替换： practical,down-to-earth 例句： It's not realistic to finish all the work in one day. 真题链接：（沪外版八年级下册期末测试） You should have a plan for your study,not a dreamy one. A.realistic B.perfect C.difficult (答案：A) 13.motivation/mat'ven/n.动机：动力；积极性 词义辨析： motivation:指”动机、动力”，是名词，强调推动人行动的内在原因。 incentive:指”激励、刺激'，侧重外部因素对行动的鼓励，如financial incentive(经济激励)。 同义替换： drive,inspiration 例句： His motivation for learning English is to study abroad. 真题链接：（沪外版八年级下册单元测试） The teacher tried to increase the students' to learn math A.motivation B.interest C.knowledge (答案：A) 14.motivated/'mautiveitid/adj.有积极性的；有动机的 8年级下册沪外版 【语言学习专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： motivated: 形容词，指”有积极性的、有动机的”，强调内在驱动力。 enthusiastic:指'热情的、热心的”，侧重情感上的积极态度。 同义替换： driven,inspired 例句： She is highly motivated to succeed in her career 真题链接：（沪外版八年级下册同步练习） The students always complete their assignments on time. A.motivated B.lazy C.tired (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.This species of bird is to the tropical rainforest and cannot be found in other regions A.foreign B.native C.local 2.To improve your English you should listen to English songs and repeat after them. A.pronunciation B.accent C.grammar 3.If you don't know the meaning of the word,you can to the dictionary for help. A.mention B.refer C.talk 4.The government plans to the construction of a new community library next year. A.fund B.save C.earn 5.Please make the for your order within three days,or it will be cancelled. A.payment B.money C.cost 6 8年级下册沪外版 【语言学习专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 6.She used her to buy a gift for her mother's birthday. A.saving B.savings C.salary 7.He not telling his parents the truth about his exam results. A.regrets B.sorry C.apologizes 8.Many experts will attend the international on climate change next month A.meeting B.conference C.party 9.The team needs an coach to lead them to win the championship. A.experienced B.skilled C.new 10.She walked onto the stage and began her speech without any hesitation A.confidently B.nervously C.proudly 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.My grandparents keep their s in the bank for future use 2.It's as between us-don't tell anyone else about our plan. 3.The teacher asked us to r to the notes we took in class when doing homework 4.His main m for studying hard is to get into a good university. 5.You need ar_ plan to achieve your goals,not just daydreaming 6.The local government set up a f to help homeless people. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.Heisa (native)of Beijing,so he speaks Mandarin fluently. 2.The artist's painting is so (realistic)that it looks like a photograph. 7 8年级下册沪外版 【语言学习专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 3.She felt (regret)after refusing the job offer from that company. 4.The (motivate)of the students increased after the teacher praised their efforts. 5.The (pronounce)of this word is difficult for beginners to master. 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.作为本地人，他对这座城市的历史非常了解。 Asa the city,he knows its history very well. 2.如果你不确定这个单词的发音，可以查字典。 If you are not sure about the the word,you can the dictio- nary. 3.她后悔没有参加昨天的会议。 She the meeting yesterday. 4.政府将为这个环保项目提供资金。 The government will the environmental protection 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Lisa is a (native/local)of London. She speaks English with a clear (pronunciation/accent).When she new words,she always (refers/mentions) to the dictionary.Last year,she used her (savings/saving)to join an international (conference/meeting)on education.She was (motivated/motivation)by the speakers and decided to study education.Now she is an_ (experienced/skilled)teacher, helping students build confidence.She often tells them,"Be (confidently/confident)and set (realistic/practical)goals." 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.B2.A3B4.A5.A6B7.A8B9.A10.A IⅡ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.savings 2.secret 3.refer 4.motivation 5.realistic 6.fund 8 8年级下册沪外版 【语言学习专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 ⅡI.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.native 2.realistic 3.regretful 4.motivation 5.pronunciation V.完成句子 1.native of 2.pronunciation of,refer to 3.regretted missing 4.fund;project V.语篇填空 1.native 2.pronunciation 3.refers 4.savings 5.conference 6.motivated 7.experienced 8.confident 9.realistic