Unit 7 What's the matter-2025-2026学年七年级下册英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲（鲁教版）

7年级下册鲁教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 寒假专版 【Unit7】What's the matter? 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 matter/maeta(r)/n.事情：问题 climber/'kama(r)/m.登山者：攀decision/dr's3n/m.决定；抉择 V.要紧；有重大影响 登者 control /kan'tra/W.控制：支配 stomachache/'stamakerk/n.胃risk /risk/n.风险：危险v.冒险n.控制；管理 痛：腹痛 take risks /terk risks/短语冒险spirit/'spirit/.n.精神：心灵；勇 fever/fi:var)/n.发烧：发热 situation/,stu'enlm.情况：形气 break /breik/v.(broke,broken)打势 death/de0/n.死：死亡 破：打碎：违反n.休息 mean /mi:n/W.(meant,meant))意trouble/'trAbl/m.麻烦；烦恼v. hurt /h3t/v.hurt,hurt)伤害：疼思是；打算；意味着 使烦恼：打扰 痛n.伤害；痛苦 importance /im'p3tns/h.重要urse /n3sm.护士V.护理；照 sick/sk/adj.生病的：恶心的 性：重要 料 词义辨析及同义替换 1.matter/'meta)h.事情；问题v.要紧；有重大影响 词义辨析： matter(n.):侧重指”需要处理的事情、问题”，尤指麻烦事或重要事情，为可数名词。 thig:含义最广，可泛指一切”事物、事情”，从具体物品到抽象概念，口语中常用。 同义替换： thing,issue 例句： What's the matter with you?You look unhappy. 真题链接：（鲁教版7下同步练习） —What'sthe with your bike? -It's broken. A.matter B.thing C.wrong (答案：A) 2.hurt /h3tv.hut,hut)伤害；疼痛n.伤害；痛苦 7年级下册鲁教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： ut(v.):可指身体上的'疼痛'或情感上的”伤害”，作不及物动词时表示”疼痛”，及物动词时 表示”伤害”。 injure:侧重指意外事故造成的”受伤、损伤'，常涉及身体部位。 同义替换： injure,pain,harm 例句： My leg hurts after running for an hour 真题链接：（鲁教版7下单元测试） He fell off the bike and his arm badly. A.hutB.broke C.cut(答案：A) 3.sick/sk/adj.生病的；恶心的 词义辨析： $ck:既可指身体”生病的”，也可指？恶心的、想吐的”，可作表语或定语。 :主要指”生病的”，通常作表语，不作定语（仅在英国英语中偶尔用于名词前）。 同义替换： ill,unwell 例句： She felt sick after eating too much ice cream 真题链接：（鲁教版7下同步练习） My mother is so I have to stay at home to look after her A.sick B.angry C.tired(答案：A) 4.risk /risk/n.风险：危险v.冒险 词义辨析： risk(n.):指可能发生的”风险、危险”，常与take搭配(take risks/a risk)。 danger:泛指'危险”，语气较强，侧重对人或物有危害的可能性。 同义替换： danger,hazard 例句： It's not wise to take risks when climbing mountains. 真题链接：（鲁教版7下单元测试） You should think twice before you because it may be dangerous. A.take risks B.take breaks C.take notes (答案：A) 5.mean /mi:n/v.(meant,.meant)意思是：打算；意味着 词义辨析： mean(v.):侧重”意思是、意味着”，后可接名词、代词或从句：也可表示”打算做某事”(mean 2 7年级下册鲁教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 todo)。 imply:指间接”暗示、意味着”，不直接说出。 同义替换： imply,signify 例句： What does this word mean?Can you tell me? 真题链接：（鲁教版7下同步练习） I didn't to hurt you.It was just a joke. A.mean B.plan C.want (答案：A) 6.importance/m'p3tnsn.重要性；重要 词义辨析： importance:指事物的”重要性、重要程度”，为不可数名词，常用搭配the importance of..。 significance:语气更强，指”意义、重要性”，尤指深远的意义。 同义替换： significance,value 例句： We should know the importance of learning English well. 真题链接：（鲁教版7下单元测试） The teacher always tells us the of reading books every day. A.importance B.difference C.difficulty (答案：A) 7.decision/d's3n/n.决定；抉择 词义辨析： decision:指经过思考或讨论后做出的”决定、抉择”，为可数名词，常用搭配make a decision。 choice:侧重指在多个选项中做出的”选择”，可与make搭配(make a choice)。 同义替换： choice,resolution 例句： It's a difficult decision for me to leave my hometown. 真题链接：（鲁教版7下同步练习） After thinking for a long time,he made a to study abroad A.decision B.wish C.promise (答案：A) 8.control/kan'tral/~.控制：支配n.控制；管理 词义辨析： control(v.):指对人、事或局面的'控制、支配”，使保持在一定范围内。 manage:侧重”管理、设法做到'，强调通过努力完成某事。 7年级下册鲁教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： manage,command 例句： He tried to control his anger when he heard the bad news. 真题链接：（鲁教版7下单元测试） You should learn to your time well to balance study and rest. A.control B.waste C.save (答案：A) 9.trouble/'trabl/n.麻烦；烦恼v.使烦恼；打扰 词义辨析： trouble(n.):指'麻烦、烦恼'，既可指具体的麻烦事，也可指抽象的困扰，常用搭配be in trouble (处于困境中)。 problem:指需要解决的”问题、难题'，侧重逻辑或实际困难。 同义替换： problem,bother 例句： I have some trouble with my math homework.Can you help me? 真题链接：（鲁教版7下同步练习） If you are】 trouble,you can call the police for help. A.in B.on C.with ,(答案：A) 10.nurse /n3:sh.护士V.护理；照料 词义辨析： nurse(n.):指医院或医疗机构中的”护士”，负责病人的护理工作。 doctor:指”医生”，负责诊断和治疗疾病。 同义替换： caregiver,attendant 例句： The nurse helped the old man get out of bed. 真题链接：（鲁教版7下单元测试） My aunt works in a hospital as a.She looks after patients every day. A.nurse B.teacher C.driver (答案：A) 11.break/breik/v.(broke,.broken)打破；打碎：违反n.休息 词义辨析： brk(v.):侧重打破、打碎”具体物品，或违反规则、法律等：作名词时指”休息”。 break down:指机器”出故障”或身体”垮掉”。 同义替换： smash,rest 7年级下册鲁教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 例句： He broke the window when playing football./Let's take a break after studying for an hour. 真题链接：（鲁教版7下同步练习） You shouldn't the school rules,or you will be punished. A.break B.follow C.make (答案：A) l2.situation/,stu'en/h.情况；形势 词义辨析： situation:指特定时间、地点的情况、形势”，强调综合的状况。 condition:侧重指人或事物的”状态、条件”，尤指健康或环境条件。 同义替换： condition,circumstance 例句： We need to think about how to improve the present situation. 真题链接：（鲁教版7下单元测试） The in the mountain area is very difficult,but they still try their best to help people there. A.situation 1B.weather C.life(答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.-What's the with your computer?It doesn't work. A.matter B.thing C.wrong 2.She fell off the stairs and her knee badly yesterday. A.hurt B.broke C.cut 3.My grandma has been for a week,so I need to take care of her. A.sick B.angry C.tired 4.You should not when crossing the street,it's dangerous. 5 7年级下册鲁教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 A.take risks B.take breaks C.take notes 5.I didn't to make you angry,I just wanted to help. A.mean B.plan C.want 6.The teacher always tells us the of protecting the environment A.importance B.difference C.difficulty 7.After discussing with his parents,he made ato study hard. A.decision B.wish C.promise 8.We need to our emotions when we face difficulties. A.control B.waste C.save 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 l.If you are in_(庥烦)，you can call me at any time. 2.My aunt works as a_（(护士)in the city hospital. 3.Don't (打破)the glass,it's dangerous. 4.We should know the (of the project before starting. 5.The(重要性)of learning English is known to everyone. 6.He made a (to travel around the world next year. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The little girl (hurt)her hand when she was cooking 2.You should think about the (important)of exercise for your health 6 7年级下册鲁教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 3.He (mean)to finish the work yesterday,but he was too busy. 4.The (nurse)took good care of the patients in the hospital. 5.We need to make a_ (decide)before the meeting ends. 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.他从自行车上摔下来，伤了腿。 He fell off the bike and his 2.你应该学会控制你的时间。 You should learn to your 3.她妈妈生病了，她不得不待在家里。 Her mother is so she has to stay at home. 4.吸烟对健康有风险。 Smoking is a to health. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Last week,Tom had a problem.His bike was broken,so he asked his father,"What's the (matter/thing)with my bike?His father said,"I think it's a (trouble/problem)with the wheel."Tom was worried because he needed the bike to go to school. On his way to school,he saw an old man fall down.The old man said his leg (hurt/injure). Tom wanted to help,but he didn't want to be late.He made a quick(decision/choice)to help the old man first.He called a(nurse/doctor)and waited with the old man until help arrived. Although he was late for school,his teacher praised him for his kindness.Tom leamned that helping others is more important than being on time. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.A2.A3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A 工.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.trouble 2.nurse 3.break 4.situation 5.importance 6.decision > 7年级下册鲁教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 ⅡI用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.hurt 2.importance 3.meant 4.nurses 5.decision V.完成句子 1.hurt;leg 2.control;time 3.sick 4risk V.语篇填空 1.matter 2.problem 3.hurt 4.decision 5.doctor 8