Unit 5 Hobbies and Interests-2025-2026学年八年级下册英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲（沪外版）

8年级下沪外版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 寒假专版 【Unit5】Hobbies and Interests 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 recreation/rekri'eIn/n.娱乐： satisfied/'saetisfaid/adj.满意的；relaxation/i:lek'seifn/n.放松： 消遣；休闲活动 满足的 休息；消遣 photogr aphy /fa'tografi/n.摄影；related /r'letd/ad.相关的：有apot/Apot/n.罐：壶（注：常见 摄影术 联系的；亲属的 拼写为pot) sack/sek/nw.麻袋；袋子；解object/Dbd3kt/n.:/b'd3ktV.gentle/'d3 entl/adj.温和的：轻 雇；洗劫 物体；目标：反对：抗议 柔的：文雅的 promotion /pra3'maom/n.提升：caIy/'keri/V.拿；搬；携带；运demanding/d'ma:ndn/adj.要 晋升：促销 送 求高的：费力的 chore /fo:)/n.日常琐事：家务 accumulate/A'kju:mjalert//v.积energetic/,en3'd3etik/adj.精力 杂活 累；积聚：堆积 充沛的：充满活力的 词义辨析及同义替换 1.recreation/rekri'eIn/n.娱乐；消遣；休闲活动 词义辨析： recreation: 指为放松身心而进行的娱乐活动，强调“恢复精力”，如体育、游戏等。 relaxation: 侧重“放松、休息”，指从紧张状态中恢复的过程或状态，如听音乐、冥想。 同义替换： entertainment,leisure 例句： Outdoor sports are my favorite form of recreation 真题链接：（沪外版初中8下同步练习） After a busy week,most people need some_to reduce stress A.work B.recreation C.study (答案：B) 2.satisfied/'saetrsfard/adj..满意的：满足的 词义辨析： 8年级下沪外版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 satisfied:主语通常是人，指对某事或某人感到“满意的”，常用搭配be satisfied with。 satisfying:主语通常是事物，指“令人满意的”，如a satisfying result。 同义替换： content,pleased 例句： She is satisfied with her new job because it offers good opportunities. 真题链接：（沪外版初中8下单元测试） My parents werewith my exam results this term A.angry B.satisfied C.sad (答案：B) 3.related/rI'letd/adj.相关的；有联系的；亲属的 词义辨析： related: 指事物之间“有联系的”或人之间“有亲属关系的”，搭配be related to。 relative:作形容词时意为“相对的”，如relative importance:作名词指“亲属”。 同义替换： connected,associated 例句： English and French are related languages in some ways. 真题链接：（沪外版初中8下阅读填空） The two stories are closely to each other,so read them carefully. (答案：related) 4.object/obd3kt/n.物体；目标；/b'd3ekt/v.反对：抗议 词义辨析： object(v.):强调“明确反对”，后接介词to,如object to the plan。 oppose(V.):语气更强，正式用词，直接接宾语，如oppose the decision。. 同义替换： oppose,protest 例句： Many students object to doing homework on weekends. 真题链接：（沪外版初中8下语法填空） He()the idea of moving to a new city last week (答案：objected) 5.Cary/'keri/v.拿；搬：携带；运送 词义辨析： caTy:侧重“随身携带”或“搬运重物”，不强调方向。 bring:指“从别处带到说话处”，方向指向说话人。 take:指“从说话处带到别处”，方向远离说话人。 8年级下沪外版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： transport,hold 例句： Please carry this box to the classroom for me. 真题链接：（沪外版初中8下完形填空） Can you help me_these books to the library? A.bring B.carry C.take (答案：B) 6.accumulate/A'kju:mjalert/v.积累；积聚；堆积 词义辨析： accumulate:指“逐渐积累”，强调过程，如accumulate knowledge。 collect::指“有目的地收集”，如collect stamps。 同义替换： gather,build up 例句： Reading widely helps us accumulate more vocabulary 真题链接：（沪外版初中8下写作范文） We should_(积累)experience through practice, (答案：accumulate) 7.gentle/'d3 entl/adj.温和的：轻柔的；文雅的 词义辨析： gentle:指人“性格温和”或动作“轻柔”，如a gentle voice。 kind:侧重“善良、友好”，指对他人有善意，如a kind person。 同义替换： mild,soft 例句： The old man has a gentle smile that makes everyone feel warm. 真题链接：（沪外版初中8下单词拼写） She spoke in a_(温和的)tone to avoid making him angry. (答案：gentle) 8.demanding/dh'mand/adj.要求高的；费力的 词义辨析： demanding:指工作、任务“要求高的”或人“苛刻的”，如a demanding job。 difficult:侧重“困难的”，指某事难以完成，如a difficult problem。 同义替换： challenging,tough 例句： This project is very demanding and requires a lot of time and effort. 3 8年级下沪外版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 真题链接：（沪外版初中8下阅读理解） The teacher is known for being_,but her students learn a lot from her. A.demanding B.lazy C.careless （答案：A) 9.energetic/,ena'd3etk/adj.精力充沛的：充满活力的 词义辨析： energetic:.指人“精力充沛的”，强调行动力，如an energetic child。. active:侧重“积极的、活跃的”，指参与活动多，如an active member。 同义替换： dynamic,lively 例句： He is always energetic and never seems to get tired. 真题链接：（沪外版初中8下补全对话） -Why do you like playing basketball?-Because it makes me feel A.sleepy B.energetic C.sad(答案：B) 10.promotion /pr3'm3n/n.提升；晋升：促销 词义辨析： promotion(晋升)：指职位提升，如get a promotion。 progress(n.):指“进步、进展”，如make progress in study。 同义替换： advancement,raise 例句： She worked hard and finally got a promotion to manager. 真题链接：（沪外版初中8下情景交际） Congratulations on your_!-Thank you!I will keep working hard. A.promotion B.hobby C.vacation (答案：A) 11.chore/:(r)/n.日常琐事；家务杂活 词义辨析： chore:指“日常家务”，如washing dishes,强调重复性。 task:泛指“任务”，可指工作或学习中的任务，如a math task。 同义替换： housework,duty 例句： Doing chores helps children learn responsibility. 真题链接：（沪外版初中8下听力材料） -What chores do you usually do at home?-I often clean my room andthe dishes. (答案：wash) 8年级下沪外版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 l2.photography/fa'tpgrafi/n.摄影；摄影术 词义辨析： photography:指“摄影艺术”或“摄影术”，如study photography。 photo(n.):指“照片”，是photograph的缩写。 同义替换： taking photos,.摄像 例句： Her hobby is photography,and she has taken many beautiful pictures. 真题链接：（沪外版初中8下单元主题） Our school will hold a_()competition next month (答案：photography) 综合演练 综合练习 单项选择 1.After a long day of work,my parents prefer some like watching TV to relax. A.recreation B.work C.study 2.My teacher waswith my homework because I finished it carefully. A.angry B.satisfied C.sad 3.Can you help me this heavy box to the third floor? A.bring B.carry C.take 4.The job requires a lot of time and effort,so it is very- A.demanding B.lazy C.careless 5.Playing soccer every afternoon makes Tom feel-and happy. A.sleepy B.energetic 5 8年级下沪外版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 C.sad 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.My favorite()activity is playing basketball with friends. 2.She spoke in a_(温和的)voice to calm the crying child. 3.We should()knowledge by reading more books. 4.The two companies have_(相关的)business interests. 5.My brother got a()at work because of his hard work 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.Many people(object)to smoking in public places last year. 2.Doing_(chore)teaches children to be responsible 3.Her hobby is(photography),and she has a collection of cameras. 4.The_(satisfy)look on her face showed she passed the exam 5.He is always(energy)and ready to help others. 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.这两个故事彼此密切相关，你应该一起读它们。 The two stories are closely_each other,so you should read them together. 2.他反对周末加班的想法。 He the idea of working overtime on weekends. 3.我们需要通过实践积累经验。 We need to_through practice. 4.妈妈对我这次的考试结果很满意。 My mother was my exam results this time. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 6 8年级下沪外版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 After a busy week,most students need some(1)(recreation/relaxation)to reduce stress.Some like outdoor sports,which make them feel(2)(energetic/active).Others prefer quiet activities,such as reading or listening to music for(3)(relaxation/recreation). My friend Lucy loves(4)(photography/photo).She often takes her camera to the park and (5) (accumulates/collects)beautiful moments.Her parents are (6)(satisfied/satisfying)with her hobby because it helps her relax. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.A2B 3B4.A5.B IⅡ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.recreation 2.gentle 3.accumulate 4.related 5.promotion I.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.objected 2.chores 3.photography 4.satisfied 5.energetic V.完成句子 1.related to 2.objects to 3.accumulate experience 4.satisfied with V.语篇填空 1.recreation 2.energetic 3.relaxation 4.photography 5.collects 6.satisfied 7