Unit 11 Across Generations-2025-2026学年七年级下册英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲（教科版）

7年级下册教科版 【Uit11】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 精讲专版 【Unit 11】Across Generations 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 suppose/sa'pUz/V.认为；假设： disturb/dr'st3b/v.打扰：干扰；responsibility /rI,sponsa'brlati/n. 猜想 妨碍 责任；职责 be supposed to /bi s3'p3 ozd tu:/discussion/dr'sksn/n.讨论；议after al/a:fta:l/短语毕竟：终 短语应该：被期望 论 究：归根结底 out of style/at3 starl/短语过crazy/'krerzi/adj.疯狂的：痴迷environment/m'vairenmant/n. 时的：不再流行的 的：荒唐的 环境 trend /trend/n.趋势：趋向；潮in addition /m'dn/短语另外；ourselves/a3'selvz/pron.我们 流 此外 自己：我们亲自 waste /weist/n.浪费；废弃物v.education/,ed3uken/n.教育；anyone/'eniwan/pron.任何人； 浪费：滥用adj.废弃的 培养 无论谁 a waste of/weist av/短语浪费interest/ntr3st/n.兴趣：爱好； … 利益V.使感兴趣：引起关注 词义辨析及同义替换 1.suppose/sa'pauz/V.认为：假设：猜想 词义辨析： suppose:侧重“根据现有情况或证据进行推测”，语气较委婉，常用搭配suppose+that从句或 suppose sb.todo。 thik:泛指“思考后得出看法”，应用范围最广，可直接接宾语或宾语从句。 同义替换： think,assume 例句： I suppose she will come to the party tomorrow. 真题链接：（教科版7下同步练习） -Where is Tom? -He be in the library.I saw him go there just now. 7年级下册教科版 【Unit11】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 A.suppose B.thinks C.supposes (答案：C) 2.waste /weist/n.浪费；废弃物v.浪费：滥用adj.废弃的 词义辨析： waste作动词：侧重“无意义地消耗时间、金钱或资源”，常用搭配waste time/money on sth.或 waste sth.doing sth. spend:指“花费时间或金钱做某事”，主语通常是人，搭配spend...on sth.或spend.(n)doing sth. 同义替换： squander,consume 例句： Don't waste water when you brush your teeth 真题链接：（教科版7下单元测试） She often too much time watching TV instead of studying A.wastes B.spends C.takes (答案：A) 3.disturb/dr'st3b/v.打扰：干扰：妨碍 词义辨析： disturb:侧重“打断他人的正常活动或思绪”，语气较轻，如打扰休息、工作等。 interrupt:强调“突然打断正在进行的谈话或动作”，语气较强，常与conversation,speech搭配。 同义替换： bother,interrupt 例句： Please don't disturb me while I'm doing homework. 真题链接：（教科版7下同步练习） It's impolite to others when they are talking. A.disturb B.help C.follow (答案：A) 4.discussion/dr'skAn/n.讨论：议论 词义辨析： discussion: 指“多人围绕某个话题交换意见的正式或非正式交流”，常用搭配have a discussion about sth. tak:泛指“谈话、交谈”，可指随意的聊天或严肃的讨论，范围较广。 同义替换： talk,debate 例句： We had a heated discussion about environmental protection in class. 2 7年级下册教科版 【Uit11】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 真题链接：（教科版7下期末复习题） After the everyone agreed to plant more trees in the school. A.discussion B.vacation C.invitation (答案：A) 5.crazy /'krerzi/adj.疯狂的：痴迷的：荒唐的 词义辨析： crazy:口语中常用，可表示“精神失常的”“痴迷的”（搭配be crazy about)或“荒唐的”。 mad:语气更强，可指“发疯的”“生气的”（搭配be mad at),在英国英语中更常用。 同义替换： mad,obsessed 例句： He is crazy about playing basketball. 真题链接：（教科版7下单元测试) You must be _to go out in such heavy rain without an umbrella! A.crazy B.clever C.quiet (答案：A) 6.education/.ed3u'kejn/n.教育；培养 词义辨析： education:指“系统性的知识、技能或价值观的培养”，包括学校教育和社会教育。 training:侧重“某项技能的训练或培训”，如职业培训、体育训练等。 同义替换： schooling,instruction 例句： Good education can help us have a better future. 真题链接：（教科版7下同步练习） The government is trying to improve the quality of in rural areas A.education B.weather C.history(答案：A) 7.interest/'ntrast/n.兴趣；爱好：利益v.使感兴趣：引起关注 词义辨析： interest作名词：指“对某事的好奇心或爱好”，搭配have an interest in:也可指“利益”。 hobby:仅指“业余爱好”，如绘画、唱歌等具体活动。 同义替换： hobby,passion 例句： He has a great interest in science fiction books. 真题链接：（教科版7下期末测试） What's your I like collecting stamps. A.interest B.problem C.address (答案：A) 7年级下册教科版 【Unit11】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 8.responsibility /rI,sppnsa'bilati/n.责任；职责 词义辨析： responsibility:指“对某事或某人应尽的责任”，强调主动性和义务感，常用搭配take responsibility foro dty:侧重“因职位、法律或道德要求必须做的事”，如工作职责、公民义务。 同义替换： duty,obligation 例句： It's our responsibility to protect the environment. 真题链接：（教科版7下同步练习） As students,we have the _to study hard and respect teachers. A.responsibility B.freedom C.hobby(答案：A) 9.environment/m'vairenment/n.环境 词义辨析： environment:泛指“自然环境或社会环境”，包括周围的一切事物，如空气、水、社会氛围等。 surroundings::侧重“周围的具体环境、景物”，是可数名词复数。 同义替换： surroundings,habitat 例句： We should try our best to keep the environment clean. 真题链接：（教科版7下单元测试） The here is very beautiful with many trees and flowers A.environment B.machine C.language (答案：A) l0.anyone/'eniw/pron.任何人；无论谁 词义辨析： anyone:用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中，泛指“任何人”，不强调数量。 someone::用于肯定句中，指“某个人”，表示不确定的人。 同义替换： anybody,whoever 例句： Is there anyone who can help me with this math problem? 真题链接：（教科版7下同步练习） in the class can answer this question.It's too easy. A.Anyone B.Someone C.No one(答案：A) l1.be supposed to/bi sa'p3 ozd tu:/短语应该；被期望 7年级下册教科版 【Umit11】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： be supposed to:强调“根据规定、习俗或他人的要求‘应该’做某事”，语气较委婉，否定形式 为be not supposed to(不应该)。 should:侧重“主观上认为‘应该'做某事”，强调义务或建议。 同义替换： should,ought to 例句： We are supposed to arrive at school before 8:00 a.m. 真题链接：（教科版7下单元测试） You smoke in public places.It's against the law. A.aren't supposed to B.are supposed to C.should (答案：A) 12.after all/'a:fte o:l/短语毕竟；终究：归根结底 词义辨析： after all:用于句首或句末，强调“尽管有前面的情况，但事实终究如此”，或“提醒对方不要忘 记某个重要事实”。 in the end:侧重“经过一系列过程后最终的结果”。 同义替换： all in all,when all is said and done 例句： Don't be too strict with him.After all,he is just a child. 真题链接：（教科版7下期末复习题） -I'm afraid I can't finish the task on time. -Take it easy.,you have three more days. A.After all B.At first C.In addition (答案：A) 13.in addition/m3'dn/短语另外；此外 词义辨析： in addition:用于补充说明，通常放在句首或句中，后接逗号，可单独使用或与to连用(in addition to sth.)。 besides:既可表示“除…之外（还有）”，也可表示“此外”，用法更灵活。 同义替换： besides,furthermore 例句： In addition,we need to buy some fruits for the party. 真题链接：（教科版7下同步练习） She likes playing the piano.,she is good at singing. A.In addition B.At once C.At first(答案：A) 7年级下册教科版 【Uit11】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 l4.a waste of/e weist av/短语浪费.… 词义辨析： a waste of:后接名词，表示“对的浪费”，如a waste of time/money/energy。 waste(w,):直接接宾语，如waste time/money doing sth.。 同义替换： a misuse of,a squandering of 例句： Playing computer games all day is a waste of time. 综合演练 综合练习 一、单项选择 1.We finish our homework before watching TV,according to the school rules. A.suppose B.are supposed to C.should 2.Don't. your money on useless toys.Save it for your future. A.waste B.spend C.take 3.It's rude to the teacher when he is explaining the lesson. A.disturb B.interrupt C.help 4.After a long,the team finally decided to choose Tom as their leader. A.discussion B.talk C.debate 5.My brother is about football and watches every match on TV. A.crazy B.mad C.obsessed 6.The government is working hard to improve the quality of in poor areas. A.education B.training C.schooling 7.What's your main?I like reading and traveling. A.interest B.hobby C.passion 8.As teenagers,we have the to help our parents with housework. A.responsibility B.duty C.obligation 9.The in this park is very clean and beautiful,with many trees and birds. A.environment B.surroundings C.habitat 6 7年级下册教科版 【Uit11】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 10.Is there who can speak French in your class?We need a translator. A.anyone B.someone C.no one 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.It'sa (浪费)of time to play video games all day. 2.You are (应该）to arrive at the station on time,:the train won't wait.. 3 (毕竟)，he is only five years old,so don't be too strict with him. 4.She has a great()in painting and takes classes every weekend. 5.Protecting the()is everyone's responsibility. 6. (任何人)who breaks the rules will be punished. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.1 (suppose)he will come to the party,but I'm not sure. 2.She often (waste)too much time chatting online. 3.Please don’t (disturb)me while I'm studying 4.We had a heated (discuss)about the project yesterday. 5.He is(crazy)about music and practices the piano every day. 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.我们应该节约用水，因为它对环境很重要。 We save water because it's important for the environment. 2.不要在这件事上浪费时间，这根本不值得。 Don't time this matter:it's not worth it at all. 3.毕竟，他是新来的，对这里的规则还不熟悉。 he is new here and isn't familiar with the rules. 4.除了英语，他还擅长数学和物理。 he is good at math and physics besides English. 1 7年级下册教科版 【Uit11】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Li Ming is a middle school student.He(1) (suppose/thinks)that studying hard is the most important thing.However,he used to(2) (waste/spend)a lot of time playing computer games after school.His parents toldhim it was(3)(a waste of/a misuse of)time,but he didn't listen. One day,his teacher had a(4)(discussion/talk)with him about the importance of(5) (education/training).She said,"(6)(After all/In the end),knowledge can change your life." Since then,Li Ming has changed.He no longer (7)(disturbs/interrupts)others in class and takes his(8)(responsibility/duty)as a student seriously.Now he has developed a strong (9) (interest/hobby)in science and hopes to become a scientist. 参考答案 I单项选择 1.B2.A3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A Ⅱ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.waste 2.supposed 3.After 4.interest 5.environment 6.Anyone I.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.suppose 2.wastes 3.disturb 4.discussion 5.crazy V.完成句子 1.are;supposed;to 2.waste;on 3.After;all 4.In;addition V.语篇填空 1.thinks 2.waste 3.a waste of 4.discussion 5.education 6.After all 7.disturbs 8.re- sponsibility 9.interest 8