内容正文:
8年级下册沪外版
【Unit3 Space】
词义辨析及同义替换精讲
单元精讲
【Unit3】Space
词义辨析及同义替换精讲
本单元核心词汇
一、全部单元单词
depend on/d'pend Dn/phrase依量
换
靠:依赖;取决于
gravity/graevati/n.重力:地心axis/'aeksis/n.轴;轴线:轴心
keep /kip/V.保持:保留;饲养引力;严重性
wmap个ep/v.n.包;裹;包装材
keen on /ki:n Dn/phrase喜爱;热revolve /rI'volv/v.旋转:环绕;料
衷于
围绕
spin/spn/v./n.旋转:纺纱;自
weight/weit//n.重量;体重:分rotate/rac'tert/v.旋转:转动:轮旋
词义辨析及同义替换
1.revolve /r'volv/v.旋转;环绕;围绕
词义辨析:
evolve:侧重”围绕某一中心做圆周运动”,尤指天体、机械部件的运转,如行星绕太阳旋转。
rotate:强调’物体自身绕轴旋转”,如地球自转,也可指’轮换、交替”。
同义替换:
orbit(环绕),spin(旋转)
例句:
The moon revolves around the Earth
真题链接:(沪外版八年级下册同步练习)
The Earth_around the Sun and_on its own axis.
A.revolves;rotates B.rotates;revolves C.spins;wraps
(答案:A)
2.rotate /rav'tet/v.旋转:转动;轮换
词义辨析:
rotate:核心含义是”绕轴自转”或”(人员、任务)轮换”,如轮胎旋转、轮流值班。
spi:侧重”快速旋转”,常伴随”不稳定或持续转动”,如陀螺旋转、纺纱。
同义替换:
turn,spin,alternate
8年级下册沪外版
【Unit3 Space】
词义辨析及同义替换精讲
例句:
The wheels of the car rotate as it moves forward.
真题链接:(沪外版八年级下册单元测试)
We need tothe team members every week to ensure everyone gets a chance.
A.revolve B.rotate C.wrap
(答案:B)
3.spin/spv.h.旋转:纺纱:自旋
词义辨析:
spin:强调”快速、持续的旋转”,可作动词或名词,如”spin around(转身)"the spin of a top(陀
螺的旋转)”。
revolve:强调'围绕外部中心旋转',如地球绕太阳公转,通常不用于描述快速自转。
同义替换:
twist,rotate,whirl
例句:
She spun the ball on her finger for a long time.
真题链接:(沪外版八年级下册期末复习题)
The dancer_around and jumped into the air.
A.spun B.revolved C.wrapped
(答案:A)
4.keep /ki:p/v.保持:保留;饲养
词义辨析:
keep:含义广泛,可表示”保持状态”(keep quiet)、”保留物品”(keep the book)、”饲养动物”
(keep a dog)。
remain:侧重'维持原有状态不变',后接形容词或名词,如remain silent,remain a secret。
同义替换:
maintain,retain,stay
例句:
You must keep the room clean before the guests arrive.
真题链接:(沪外版八年级下册同步练习)
Please_the door closed when you leave.
A.keep B.remain C.revolve
(答案:A)
5.depend on/d'pend Dn/phrase依靠;依赖;取决于
词义辨析:
d©pend on:强调,依赖某人/某物”或”某事的结果由另一因素决定”,主语多为事或人。
rely on:与depend on近义,但更侧重'信任并依赖某人的能力或可靠性”。
同义替换:
rely on,be based on
8年级下册沪外版
【Unit3 Space】
词义辨析及同义替换精讲
例句:
Whether we go hiking depends on the weather.
真题链接:(沪外版八年级下册单元测试)
Children should learn to solve problems by themselves instead of_their parents.
A.depending on B.keeping on C.revolving around(答案:A)
6.keen on/ki:n pn/phrase喜爱;热衷于
词义辨析:
keen on:表示”对某事有强烈兴趣或喜爱”,后接名词或动名词,语气较正式。
fond of:侧重”温和的喜爱”,使用更口语化,后接名词或动名词。
同义替换:
fond of,interested in
例句:
My brother is keen on playing basketball every weekend.
真题链接:(沪外版八年级下册期末复习题)
Lucy is reading novels and spends much time on it.
A.keen on B.full of C.afraid of(答案:A)
7.weight/wet/n.重量:体重;分量
词义辨析:
weight:指”物体的重量”或”人的体重,是名词,可用于比喻”重要性”(the weight of responsi--
bility)。
weigh:是动词,意为”称重量'或”重(多少)”,如weigh5 kilograms。
同义替换:
mass,heaviness
例句:
The weight of the box is 10 kilograms.
真题链接:(沪外版八年级下册同步练习)
-What's your _
—I'm45 kilograms.
A.weight B.height C.gravity
(答案:A)
8.gravity/'graevati/n.重力:地心引力:严重性
词义辨析:
gravity:科学术语,指”地球引力”,也可表示事情的严重性”(the gravity of the situation)。
weight:指物体受重力作用产生的”重量”,是重力的表现结果。
同义替换:
gravitation,seriousness
8年级下册沪外版
【Unit3 Space】
词义辨析及同义替换精讲
例句:
Gravity keeps us from floating into space.
真题链接:(沪外版八年级下册科学拓展题)
Without_,we would float like astronauts in space.
A.gravity B.weight C.axis(答案:A)
9.axis/'eksis/n.轴:轴线:轴心
词义辨析:
axis:指旋转轴?或”坐标轴”,如地球的地轴(the Earth's axis),是具体的物理概念。
obit:指”轨道',如行星绕太阳运行的轨道,侧重运动路径。
同义替换:
pivot,axle
例句:
The Earth rotates on its axis once every 24 hours.
真题链接:(沪外版八年级下册单元测试)
The wheel turns around itswhen the car moves.
A.axis B.orbit C.gravity
(答案:A)
10.wrap /rap/v.h.包:裹;包装材料
词义辨析:
wma即:作动词时表示”用材料包裹物体”(wrap a gift):作名词时指”包装纸、包裹物'。
cover:侧重”覆盖表面',如cover the table with a cloth,不一定是”包裹'。
同义替换:
cover,bundle,package
例句:
She wrapped the present in red paper.
真题链接:(沪外版八年级下册同步练习)
Please the books in plastic to keep them dry.
A.wrap B.spin C.revolve
(答案:A)
综合演练
综合练习
单项选择
1.The Earth_around the Sun and_on its own axis
4
8年级下册沪外版
【Unit3 Space】
词义辨析及同义替换精讲
A.revolves;rotates
B.rotates;revolves
C.spins;wraps
2.We need to_the team members every week to ensure everyone gets a chance.
A.revolve
B.rotate
C.wrap
3.The danceraround and jumped into the air.
A.spun
B.revolved
C.wrapped
4.Please the door closed when you leave.
A.keep
B.remain
C.revolve
5.Children should learn to solve problems by themselves instead oftheir parents.
A.depending on
B.keeping on
C.revolving around
6.Lucy is reading novels and spends much time on it.
A.keen on
B.full of
C.afraid of
7.-What's your?
-I'm 45 kilograms.
A.weight
B.height
C.gravity
8.Without_we would float like astronauts in space.
A.gravity
B.weight
C.axis
9.The wheel turns around itswhen the car moves.
A.axis
B.orbit
C.gravity
8年级下册沪外版
【Unit3 Space】
词义辨析及同义替换精讲
10.Please the books in plastic to keep them dry.
A.wrap
B.spin
C.revolve
二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
1.The moon (around the Earth every 28 days.
2.The Earth's_()is tilted,causing seasons to change
3.She()the top and watched it spin for minutes.
4.My cat's_(重量)is4 kilograms.
5.Whether we go out depends on the()of the situation.
6.Heis_(热衷于)playing football and practices every day..
7.You must_(保持)quiet in the library.
8.The success of the project_(取决于)everyone's hard work.
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.The Earth(revolve)around the Sun once a year
2.We should(rotation)the tasks to make work fair.
3.She-(spin)around and saw her friend standing there.
4.Please(keep)the window open to let fresh air in.
5.Our plan(depend)on the weather forecast
6.He is_(keen)on collecting stamps as a hobby.
7.The(weigh)of the package is 2 kilograms.
8.The wheel rotates around its(axis)smoothly.
四、完成句子(每空一词)
1.地球绕着地轴自转。
The Earthits own axis.
6
8年级下册沪外版
【Unit3 Space】
词义辨析及同义替换精讲
2.她喜欢跳舞,每周都练习。
She_dancing and practices every week.
3.这次旅行是否成行取决于天气。
Whether the trip will happenthe weather.
4.请用布把椅子裹起来以防尘。
Please the chaircloth to keep it clean.
五、语篇填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连
贯。
The Earth is a amazing planet.It (1)(revolve)around the Sun and(2)-(rotate)on its axis every
24 hours.This movement causes day and night.Without (3)-(gravity),we would float away into
space.People often(4)(depend)on the Earth'sresourcesto live.For example,farmers(5)-(keep)
crops and animals for food.Some people are(6)-(keen)on studying the Earth's structure,like its
(7)(axis)and orbit.
参考答案
I单项选择
1.A2B3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A
Ⅱ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
1.revolves 2.axis 3.spun 4.weight
t5.gravity 6.keen 7.keep
8.depends
I用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.revolves 2.rotate 3.spun 4.keep 5.depends 6.keen 7.weight 8.axis
V.完成句子
1.rotates on 2.is keen on 3.depends on 4.wrap;in
V.语篇填空
1.revolves 2.rotates 3.gravity 4.depend 5.keep 6.keen 7.axis