Unit 8 Discoveries-2025-2026学年九年级全一册英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲（北师大版）

9年级全一册北师大版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 寒假专版 【Unit8】Discoveries 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 discovery/d'skAvari/n.发现：发 be able to /bi'erbl tu/:短语能够；者：调查者 觉：被发现的事物 可以 fuly/'fli/adv.完全地；充分地： century/sentfari/n.世纪；百年effect'fekt/n.效果；作用；影彻底地 correctly /ka'rektli/adv.正确地；响 patient/'pent/adj.有耐心的n. 恰当地 honor /'pna(r)/h.荣誉；光荣；尊病人 characteristic/kaerakta'ristrk/n.敬v.尊敬；给…以荣誉 patience/'peifns/n.耐心；忍耐 特征：特点：特性adj.特有的；present/preznt/adj.现在的；出力：毅力 典型的 席的/prt'zent/v.赠送；呈现n.礼overweight/.aUv3'wet/adj超重 a great deal/greit di:/短语大物；现在 的：过重的 量：许多 researcher /r's3teh.研究 词义辨析及同义替换 1. present/'preznt/adj.现在的；出席的prr'zent/v.赠送；呈现n.礼物：现在 词义辨析： present作形容词(I'preznt/):表“出席的、在场的”，反义词是absent,搭配be present at:也可 指“现在的”，如present situation(当前形势)。 present作动词(prr'zent/):意为“赠送、呈现”，常搭配present sth.tosb.或present sb.with sth.。 present作名词(/'preznt/):指“礼物”或“现在”，如at present(目前)。 同义替换： adj.出席的：attending;n.礼物：gift:v.赠送：give,ofer 例句： All students must be present at the morning meeting..(形容词) 真题链接：（北师大版九年级同步练习） We are having a party.My mother will us with a big cake. A.present B.provide C.serve (答案：A) 9年级全一册北师大版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 2.effect/m'fekt/m.效果；作用影响 词义辨析： effect:名词，侧重“结果、效果”，常用搭配have an effect on(对…有影响)、take effect(生 效)。 affect:动词，意为“影响”，直接接宾语，如Smoking affects health. influence:可作动词或名词，指“潜移默化的影响”，程度较effect弱。 同义替换： influence,result 例句： The new policy had a positive effect on the environment. 真题链接：（北师大版九年级中考复习题） The bad weather will our plan to have a picnic tomorrow A.effect B.affect C.cause (答案：B) 3.patient/'per/nt//adj.有耐心的n.病人 patience/'peifns/n.耐心；忍耐力：毅力 词义辨析： patient:形容词，表“有耐心的”，搭配be patient with sb.(对某人有耐心)；也可作名词“病人”。 patience:名词，指“耐心”，搭配lose patience（失去耐心)、have patience with(对…有耐心)。 同义替换： patient (adj.):tolerant;patience:tolerance 例句： Teachers should be patient with their students.(形容词) 真题链接：（北师大版九年级同步练习） My grandma is a in this hospital.The doctors are very kind to her. A.patient B.patience C.nurse(答案：A) 4.a great deal /a grert di:l/短语大量；许多 词义辨析： a great deal:修饰不可数名词或动词，表“大量”，如I have a great deal of work to do./She travels a great deal. a lot of/1 ots of:既可修饰可数名词复数，也可修饰不可数名词，口语中常用。 nany:修饰可数名词复数，much修饰不可数名词。 同义替换： a lot,much 例句： He spent a great deal of time reading history books. 2 9年级全一册北师大版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 真题链接：（北师大版九年级同步练习） There is rain in the south of China in summer. A.a great deal of B.many C.afew(答案：A) 5.be able to /bi'erbl tu:/短语能够：可以 词义辨析： be able to:强调通过努力或具备能力做某事，可用于各种时态，如will be able to,have been able to。 ca:情态动词，表“能力”，只能用于现在时和过去时(could),不能用于将来时或完成时。 同义替换： can,manage to 例句： She will be able to speak English fluently next year. 真题链接：（北师大版九年级中考复习题） you swim when you were five? -No,but now I swim very well. A.Can;could B.Could;can C.Were able to;am able to (答案：B) 6.honor/'Dna()m.荣誉；光荣；尊敬v.尊敬；给…以荣誉 词义辨析： honor作名词：指“荣誉、光荣”，如win honor for(为…赢得荣誉)：也可表“尊敬”，如show honor to(尊敬…)。 honor作动词：意为“尊敬、给予荣誉”，如honor a hero(表彰英雄)。 respect:动词或名词，侧重“尊重、敬佩”，语气较honor平和。 同义替换： respect,glory 例句： It's an honor to represent our school in the competition. 真题链接：（北师大版九年级同步练习） We shouldour parents and teachers. A.honor B.forget C.ignore (答案：A) 7.fully /'foli/adv.完全地；充分地；彻底地 词义辨析： flly:强调“彻底地、充分地”，程度较深，如fully understand(完全理解)、fully prepared(充 分准备)。 completely:侧重“完整地、不遗漏地”，如completely finish(彻底完成)。 totally:口语化，表“完全地”，语气较强，如totally wrong(完全错误)。 3 9年级全一册北师大版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： completely,entirely 例句： You need to fully explain your idea to the team. 真题链接：（北师大版九年级同步练习） After reading the article,I understood the author's purpose. A.fully B.nearly C.partly (答案：A) 8.correctly /ka'rektli//adv.正确地；恰当地 词义辨析： correctly:指“符合事实或标准地正确”，如answer correctly（正确回答)、spell correctly(拼写 正确)。 rightly:侧重“道义上正确”或“合理地”，如You acted rightly.(你做得对。) accurately: 强调“精确地”，多用于数据、测量等，如measure accurately(精确测量)。 同义替换： rightly,accurately 例句： Please make sure you fill in the form correctly 真题链接：（北师大版九年级同步练习） If you answer the question you will get a point. A.correctly B.easily C.slowly (答案：A) 9.discovery/d'skAvari/n.发现；发觉；被发现的事物 词义辨析： discovery:名词，指“首次发现原本存在但未被认知的事物”，如the discovery of electricity(电 的发现)。 invention:名词，指“发明创造出原本不存在的事物”，如the invention of the computer(电脑的 发明)。 同义替换： finding 例句： The discovery of new medicines has saved many lives 真题链接：（北师大版九年级同步练习） The of America by Columbus is one of the most important events in history. A.discovery B.invention C.creation(答案：A) l0.century/'sentfari/n.世纪；百年 词义辨析： 4 9年级全一册北师大版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 century: 指“一百年”，如he2 1st century（21世纪)，搭配in the..century(在…世纪)。 decade:指“十年”，如in the1990s(20世纪90年代)=in the1990 s decade。 同义替换： hundred years 例句： Great changes have taken place in China in the past century. 真题链接：（北师大版九年级同步练习) The story happened in the century,about 200 years ago. A.18th B.19th C.20th (答案：A) 11.characteristic/kaerakta'ristik/n.特征；特点；特性adj.特有的；典型的 词义辨析： characteristic(n.):指“人或事物的典型特征”，强调区别于其他事物的标志，如physical char-. acteristics(身体特征)。 feature::侧重“显著的特征或功能”，如the main features of a phone(手机的主要功能)。 trait:多指“人的性格特点”，如personality traits(性格特征)。 同义替换： feature,trait 例句： Kindness is a characteristic of good people 真题链接：（北师大版九年级同步练习） One of the of pandas is that they eat bamboo A.characteristics B.habits C.hobbies(答案：A) l2.over weight/.aUv3wet/adj.超重的；过重的 词义辨析： overweight:形容词，指“体重超过正常标准”，搭配be overweight(超重)，是医学或健康领域 常用词。 fat:口语中形容“肥胖的”，可能含贬义，如a fat cat(肥猫，比喻有钱人)。 同义替换： obese 例句： The doctor advised him to exercise because he is overweight 真题链接：（北师大版九年级同步练习） Children who eat too much junk food may become A.overweight B.thin C.strong(答案：A) 5 9年级全一册北师大版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The new policy has a great_ on our daily life. A.effect B.affect C.influence 2.My father will me with a new bike as my birthday gift. A.present B.provide C.serve 3.You need to listen to the teacher's explanation to understand the problem. A.fully B.nearly C.partly 4.Columbus is famous for the of America. A.discovery B.invention C.creation 5.Pandas have a special -they mainly eat bamboo. A.characteristic B.habit C.hobby 6.The story took place in the 19th ,about 150 years ago. A.century B.decade C.year 7.She is very with children and always helps them patiently. A.patient B.patience C.tolerant 8.If you answer the math problem,you will get full marks A.correctly 6 9年级全一册北师大版 【寒假专版】D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 B.rightly C.accurately 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.We should show (尊敬)to our elders and teachers. 2.There is a (大量的)of water in the bottle,.so we don'tneed to buy more 3.The doctor advised him to lose weight because he is(超重的). 4.It’san (荣誉)to be chosen as the class monitor.. 5.The (of oil in this area will improve the local economy. 6.She spent a(世纪)collecting old coins. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.He was (present)at the meeting yesterday,but he didn't say a word. 2.Teachers need to have enough(patient)when teaching young students. 3.The government's new policy will(effect)the prices of vegetables. 4.You must answer the questions (correct)to pass the exam 5.I have (full)understood the instructions given by the teacher 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.吸烟严重影响健康。 Smoking health seriously. 2.她明年将能够流利地说英语。 She speak English fluently next year. 3.医生对病人非常有耐心。 Doctors are very their patients. 4.目前，我们正在为期末考试做准备。 we are preparing for the final exam 7 9年级全一册北师大版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Thomas Edison was a great inventor.His most famous (invention/discovery)include the light bulb and the phonograph.He once said,"Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration."Edison was not(patient/impatient)when doing experiments.Even after hundreds of failures,he never lost (patience/patient).His hard work had a huge (effect/affect)on the world.Today,we still (honor/respect)him for his contributions. 参考答案 I单项选择 1.A2.A3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A IⅡ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.honor 2.great deal 3.overweight 4.honor 5.discovery 6.century I.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.present 2.patience 3.affect 4.correctly 5.fully V.完成句子 1.affects people's 2.will be able to 3.patient with 4.At present V.语篇填空 1.inventions 2.impatient 3.patience 4.effect 5.honor P