Unit 7 An Amazing Plant-2025-2026学年八年级下册英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲（教科版）

8年级下册教科版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 寒假专版 【Unit7】An Amazing Plant 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 plenty /'plenti/n. 大量：众多 from now on/fram nau on/短语想象；想象力；空想 pron.大量；充足 从现在起：今后 fat/faet/n.脂肪：肥肉adj.肥胖 cough /kpf/v.&n.咳嗽 prevent /prI'vent/v.预防：阻止；的：肥的 scene/sin/n.场景；场面；景色防止 risk /risk/n.风险：危险：冒险 awfl/'ofl/ad.糟糕的：可怕的；inform/m'fm/v.通知；告知；v.冒险：冒…的风险 极坏的 报告 bean /bi:n/n.豆；豆类；豆科植 blood /blad/n.血：血液：血统 fire/'faar)/n.火；火灾；炉火物 cut up /kAt△p/短语切碎；剁碎；V点燃：解雇 vitamin/'vItamm/n.维生素；维 抨击 indoors/m'do:zadv.在室内：他命 uncooked/,n'kkt/adj.未煮过进入室内 的；生的 imagination /I maed3I'neifn/n. 词义辨析及同义替换 1.plenty/'plenti/n.大量；众多pron.大量；充足 词义辨析： plenty:表示“充足、大量”，后接of修饰可数或不可数名词，多用于肯定句： my:仅修饰可数名词复数，可用于各种句式： much:仅修饰不可数名词，多用于否定句和疑问句。 同义替换： a lot of,lots of 例句： There is plenty of water in the bottle. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册同步练习） We have_time to finish the work.Don't worry. A.many B.much C.plenty of(答案：c) 8年级下册教科版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 2.prevent /prI'vent/v.预防：阻止；防止 词义辨析： prevent:侧重“阻止某事发生”，常用搭配prevent sb.from doing sth.; stop:含义更广，可指“停止动作”或“阻止”，搭配stop sb.from doing sth.(from可省略)： keep:强调“使保持某种状态”，阻止时搭配keep sb.from doing sth.(from不可省略)。 同义替换： stop,keep 例句： We should prevent children from playing with fire. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册单元测试） The heavy rain-us from going out yesterday. A.prevented B.stopped C.kept (答案：A) 3.inform/n'fm/v.通知：告知；报告 词义辨析： inform:较正式，指“把信息正式传达给某人”，常用搭配inform sb.of sth.: tell:口语化，指“直接告诉某人某事”，搭配tellsb.sth./tell sb.about sth.: notify:更强调“官方或正式通知”，如通知会议、法规等。 同义替换： tell,notify 例句： Please inform me of the meeting time in advance. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册期中复习题） The teacher_the students of the exam results yesterday. A.told B.informed C.spoke(答案：B) 4.fire/'faa)/n.火：火灾：炉火v.点燃：解雇 词义辨析： fire作名词“火”：物质燃烧的现象，不可数：作“火灾”时可数。 flame指“火焰、火苗”，可数名词，侧重燃烧的火苗形态。 fire作动词“解雇”：口语中常用，相当于dismiss: dismiss:正式用语，指“因过失或必要原因解雇”。 同义替换： flame (n.),dismiss (v.) 例句： The fire spread quickly and burned down the house.(n.) He was fired for being late too often.(v.解雇) 2 8年级下册教科版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册同步练习） The workers were_because the company had no money. A.fired B.dismissed C.left (答案：A) 5.risk /rIsk/n.风险：危险：冒险V.冒险：冒…的风险 词义辨析： risk作名词“风险”：指可能发生的危险，常用搭配take a risk/take risks(to do sth): danger:泛指“危险”，侧重对人或物的威胁，不可数或可数。 sk作动词“冒险”：后接名词、代词或动名词，不接不定式： venture:正式用词，指“冒险尝试”，后接不定式或on sth.。 同义替换： danger (n.),venture (v.) 例句： He took a risk to climb the high mountain.(n.) Don't risk losing your job for this..(V.冒险) 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册期末测试） Swimming alone in the river is a great A.risk B.danger C.adventure (答案：A) 6.awful/'ofl/adj.糟糕的：可怕的；极坏的 词义辨析： awful:强调“令人不快、糟糕透顶”，可形容天气、情况或感受： terrible:侧重“程度严重的可怕或糟糕”，语气比awful稍强； bad:最常用，泛指“不好的、糟糕的”，程度较轻。 同义替换： terrible,bad 例句： The weather is awful today.It has been raining all day. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册同步练习） The food in this restaurant tastes_.I won't come again. A.awful B.terrible C.good(答案：A) 7.fat/fet/n.脂肪：肥肉adj.肥胖的；肥的 词义辨析： ft作形容词“肥胖的”：直接形容人或动物脂肪多，口语中可含贬义： overweight:指“超重的”，较委婉，侧重体重超过正常标准： plump:指“丰满的、圆润的”，多形容人或动物体型匀称，含褒义。 同义替换： overweight,plump (adj.) 8年级下册教科版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 例句： Eating too much junk food will make you fat 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册健康单元练习） Doing exercise can help you lose-and keep fit. A.fatB.weight C.flesh(答案：A) 8.from now on /fram nao pn/短语从现在起：今后 词义辨析： from now on:强调“从当下开始的未来时间”，与过去无关： in the future:泛指“在未来”，可指近期或远期，不强调“从现在开始”； from then on:指“从那时起”，用于过去的时间点之后。 同义替换： in the future,henceforth 例句： From now on,I will study harder to improve my English. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册完形填空） _we should protect the environment by recycling waste. A.From now on B.In the future C.From then on(答案：A) 9.indoors/n'db:zav.在室内：进入室内 词义辨析： indoors:副词，指“在室内”，其反义词是outdoors(在室外)： inside:可作副词、介词或名词，指“在…内部”，范围可大可小（如房间、盒子等）。 同义替换： inside,within doors 例句： It's raining heavily,so we have to stay indoors. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册天气单元练习） You'd better stay_when the storm comes. A.indoors B.inside C.outdoors (答案：A) 10.blood /blAd/n.血；血液：血统 词义辨析： bloo:指人体或动物体内的“血液”，不可数名词： bleed:动词，指“流血”，如He bled a lot in the accident. 同义替换： (无完全同义名词，可搭配相关动词bleed) 例句： The doctor said he lost too much blood in the accident. 8年级下册教科版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册健康急救单元测试） When you cut your finger,you should stop thefirst. A.blood B.bleed C.wound (答案：A) 11.cut up /kAt Ap/短语切碎；剁碎；抨击 词义辨析： cutp:强调“切成小块或碎片”，宾语通常是食物（如蔬菜、肉）： cut into:指“把…切成（某种形状）”，如cut into pieces(切成块)： cut off::指“切断、中断”，如cut off the electricity(切断电源)。 同义替换： chop up,cut into pieces 例句： Please cut up the tomatoes for the salad. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册烹饪单元练习） You need to_the meat before cooking it. A.cut up B.cut off C.cut down (答案：A) 12.uncooked/n'kkt/adj.未煮过的；生的 词义辨析： uncooked:指“未烹饪的、生的”，反义词是cooked(煮熟的)： Iaw:侧重“生的、未经加工的”，可指食物（如raw meat)或材料（如raw silk): fresh:指“新鲜的”，不一定是生的，如fresh bread(新鲜面包)。 同义替换： raw,unprocessed 例句： Eating uncooked fish may be bad for your health. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册食品安全练习) It's dangerous to eat_eggs because they may have bacteria. A.uncooked B.rawC.fesh(答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.There ismilk in the fridge,so we don't need to buy more today. A.many 8年级下册教科版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 B.much C.plenty of 2.My mother always tries to_me from eating too much candy A.prevent B.stop C.keep 3.The company will_all employees of the new rules next week. A.tell B.inform C.speak 4.If you are late for work again,you will be_ A.fired B.dismissed C.left 5.It's a-to go hiking alone in the mountains without a map. A.risk B.danger C.adventure 6.The movie was so that I fell asleep halfway through. A.awful B.terrible C.bad 7.Eating more vegetables and less meat can help you lose- A.fat B.weight C.flesh ,一，we should start saving money for our future A.From now on B.In the future C.From then on 9.You must stay_during the heavy snowstorm A.indoors B.inside C.outdoors 10.Please-the vegetables before putting them into the pot. 6 8年级下册教科版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 A.cut up B.cut off C.cut down 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.Eating rmeat may cause health problems if not cooked properly. 2.The firemen arrived quickly and put out the f in 10 minutes. 3.The school will n parents about the upcoming parent-teacher meeting. 4.She has a lot of f friends who support her in difficult times. 5.You should iyour teacher of your absence before the exam. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The doctor warned him not to eat(cook)fish because of the bacteria. 2.He_(fire)last month because he often made mistakes in his work. 3.(inform)the students about the change in the schedule is the teacher's responsibility. 4.It's dangerous to play with_(fire)without adult supervision. 5.From now on,I_(try)my best to avoid making the same mistake. 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.他的父母总是阻止他熬夜玩游戏。 His parents always-him-staying up late to play games. 2.请提前通知我会议的具体时间。 Please_me_the exact meeting time in advance. 3.从现在起，我们应该每天至少运动一小时。 we should exercise for at least an hour every day. 4.厨师需要把肉切碎才能放进汤里。 The cook needs tothe meat before putting it into the soup. 五、语篇填空 1 8年级下册教科版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Last week,a small 1.(fire/flame)broke out in the kitchen.Luckily,no one was hurt,but it taught us a lesson:we must be careful with fire.From now on,my family decided to check the stove before leaving home.My father also 2.-(informed/told)us about the importance of fire safety.He said, "Never leave 3.(cooked/uncooked)food on the stove unattended." Yesterday,our teacher asked us to discuss how to 4.-(prevent/stop)accidents at home.I shared our experience and suggested that everyone should keep a fire extinguisher indoors.My classmate Lucy added,"It's a 5.(risk/danger)to play with matches or lighters."Everyone agreed that we should take these warnings seriously. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.C2.A3B4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.raw 2.fire 3.notify 4.true 5.inform ⅡI用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.uncooked 2.was fired 3.Informing 4.fire 5.will try V.完成句子 1.prevent;from 2.inform;of 3.From now on 4.cut up V.语篇填空 1.fire 2.informed 3.uncooked 4.prevent 5.risk P