Unit 1 Section IV Writing—— 文学名著中的经典形象-【成才之路·练案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步新课程学习指导(外研版)

“Seeing homeless animals always breaks my heart.”可知，看到周 围的流浪猫，女士和作者的情况一样，心都碎了。故选C。 4.D考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上题。A.attractive吸引人 的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.fierce凶猛的；D.hungry饥饿的。后文 “the homeless cats food"提到，女士为流浪猫提供食物，说明 这些流浪猫是饥饿的。故选D。 5.B考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以她尽可能多给无家可归的 猫带去食物。A.hand递给；B.bring带来；C.show展示； D.award奖。根据后文“the homeless cats food”可知，女士经常 出去给无家可归的猫带去食物。故选B。 6.A考查名词词义辨析。句意：但她注意到其中一只叫Domg Suk的猫，只会吃袋子里剩下的东西。A.cats猫；B.neighbors邻 居：C.dogs狗：D.friends朋友。根据前文“the homeless cats food” 可知，女士注意到的是这些猫中的一只，它与众不同。故选A。 7.C考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。A.bowl碗；B.bor盒 子；C.bag袋子；D.dish菜肴。根据下文“So she made sure to take a special bag for Dong..”可知，这只猫不吃女士放在盘子 里的任何食物，女士为此给这只猫准备了一个特别的袋子。 由此可推知，这只猫只吃装在袋子里的食物。故选C。 8.B考查动词词义辨析。句意：不管她怎么努力，都不能让猫 吃盘子里的任何食物。A.carry搬运；B.eat吃：C.choose选 择：D.waste浪费。根据下文“So she made sure to take a special bag for Dong..”可推知，因为猫不吃盘子里的食物，所以女士给 它带了一个特别袋子。故选B。 9.D考查动词词义辨析。句意：在观察了Dog很长一段时间 后，她决定跟着她。A.making制作；B.letting让；C.hearing听 见；D.watching)观察，看。根据上文提到这只猫的诡异行为，再 结合“After such a long time of'可知，女士长时间观察Domg这 只猫。故选D。 l0.B考查动词词义辨析。句意同上题。A.prevent防止； B.follow跟踪，跟随；C.change改变；D.trap陷入困境。根据 后文“So one day she came after Dong.”可知，女士决定跟踪 这只猫。故选B。 11.D考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，她发现Dog有一 个幼崽，她要给幼崽带食物。A.thought思考；B.reported报 告：C.hoped希望：D.discovered发现。根据后文“Dong had a baby who she was bringing the food for'”可知女士发现了Domg 有一个幼崽。故选D。 12.C考查副词词义辨析。句意：Dog实际上本来有五个幼 崽，但这是她最后一个孩子了。A.obviously明显地：B.finally 终于：C.actually实际上：D.honestly诚实地。根据此处后文 的“but this one was her..kid left”可知，Dong实际上生了5 只幼崽，但最后只有一个活下来的孩子。故选C。 13.B考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上题。A.best最好的： B.last最后的；C.fist最重要的；D.youngest最年轻的。根据 上文“had five babies'"以及后文“kid left”可知，猫妈妈生了 五只小猫，但这是她活下来的最后一个孩子。故选B。 14.C考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这位善良的女士意识到这 只可爱的猫妈妈所做的牺牲时，她知道她必须帮忙。 A.experienced经历；B.faced面对；C.realized意识到； D.doubted怀疑。结合上文，猫妈妈宁愿自己不吃，也要给幼 崽带食物回去，再根据后文“the sacrifice this loving mother cat was making'”可知，女士意识到了猫妈妈的牺牲精神。故 选C。 15.A考查动词词义辨析。句意同上题。A.help帮助： B.escapej逃跑；C.suffer遭受；D.ignore忽视。根据后文“So she caught this momma and her baby and gave them a home with their very own cat house.”可知，女士被猫妈妈的牺牲精神所 感动，决定帮助它们。故选A。 23 练案[4] I.文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们是如何积 累自己的睡眠债务的，以及长期这样下去对身体造成的影响 l.A推理判断题。通过第一段“Let's do some sleep math.... in this case something like six hours,almost a full night's sleep.' 让我们做一些睡眠数学。上周，因为周五要完成一项大项目， 你每天晚上都要少睡两个小时。在周六和周日，你睡过头，多 睡了4个小时。周一早上，你感觉眼睛很亮，而且你只喝了 杯咖啡，而不是通常的两杯。但是不要被你的精力所欺骗：你 仍然背负着沉重的睡意，或者专家们所说的“睡眠债”—一在 这种情况下，大约6个小时，几乎是一整晚的睡眠。由此判断 出睡眠数学的目的是简明形象地告诉我们是如何积累自己的 睡眠债务的。故选A。 2.B推理判断题。根据第二段开头“Sleep debt is the difference between the amount of sleep you should be getting and the amount you actually get..”可知告诉了我们睡眠债是你应该得到的睡 眠量和你实际得到的睡眠量之间的差额，这是睡眠债的定义， 所以是采用了下定义的方法。故选B。 3.C词句猜测题。最后一段划线前句子“So earn back that lost sleep-and follow the orders of your inner sleep needs,and you'll feel better.”可知，所以，按照你内心的睡眠需求来做，你就会 感觉更好。由此判断出划线句子的意思是说如果你睡眠充足 了，就会状态很好。故选C。 4.D主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了我们是如何积累自己的睡 眠债务的，以及长期这样下去对身体造成的影响。D项：Cn You Catch up on Sleep Debt?你能补上睡眠债吗？说明了睡眠 债的危害，给我们敲响了警钟。适合作为本文标题，故选D。 文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是Terry Fox的故 事。他从没想过他会过上非同寻常的生活。他喜欢运动，但没 有人认为他有天赋。然而，Ty的特殊之处在于他有决心。后 来他患了癌症，装上了一条假腿，他决心面对它。他被认为是他 人生各个领域的赢家。 5.D推理判断题。根据第三段内容“One night Terry was looking through an article about Dick Traum...It will be a Marathon of Hope!(一天晚上，特里正在看一篇关于迪克·特 劳姆的文章，他也有一条人造腿，参加过纽约马拉松比赛。 “如果他能做到”，特里想，“我也可以。事实上，我将穿越加 拿大，为癌症研究筹集资金。这将是一场给人带来希望的马 拉松！”)”可推断，迪克·特劳姆的鼓舞人心的经历让特里决 定穿越加拿大。故选D。 6.A推理判断题。根据第五段的“Because Terry had an artificial leg,...His action made people join him as he ran( 特里有一条假腿，所以跑步既不容易，也不直接。他必须用一 只脚跳两次，然后用他真正的腿迈出了一大步。虽然看起来 很尴尬，但他仍然继续跑。他的行动促使人们加入他一起跑 步)”可知，特里跑步的情景感动了人们，人们纷纷加人他 起跑步。故选A。 7.C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Then,outside Thunder Bay,Ontario,Terry felt a sharp pain in his chest.The pain was from cancer;this time in his lungs.He had to abandon the Marathon after3,339 miles..(然后，在安大略省的雷湾外，特 里感到胸口一阵剧痛。疼痛来自癌症，这一次是在他的肺部。 他不得不在跑了3,339英里后放弃了这次马拉松。)”可知，来 自癌症的身体剧痛让特里最终放弃了马拉松跑步。故选C。 8.C推理判断题。根据第二段的“They showed that he had cancer.He was going to lose his leg and be given an artificial one. (检查显示他得了癌症，将会失去一条腿，安装一条假腿。)”； 第四段的“And then he also began to run a little every day..Each day he ran a little farther.It is 5.300 miles across Canada. 他也开始每天跑一点，每天都要再跑多一点，横跨加拿大 5,300英里。)”，第五段的“Although it looked awkward,he still kept on running..(虽然看起来很尴尬，但他仍然继续跑。)”可 推断，特里尽管患了癌症，换了一条假腿，仍旧穿越加拿大募 捐，使用假腿跑步很尴尬，但特里仍旧坚持跑步，因此推断特 里是意志坚强的。故选C。 Ⅱ.文章大意：本文主要讲述了英语的发展历史和对英语的发展 影响比较大的两个人物。 1.the考查冠词。at the end of..“在…结尾”，为习惯搭配。 故填theo 2.them考查代词。由空前的of可知，此处应该用宾格them,指 代的是上句中的“about five to seven million people”。故填 themo 3.voyages考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，此处应填名词， 因voyage是可数名词，其前没有限定词，故填voyages。 4.leaming考查动词-ing形式作定语。people与leam之间为逻 辑上的主谓关系，故填learning。 5.rapidly考查副词。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰动词，填副 词形式。故填rapidly。 6.s考查介词。此处指许多其他国家的人把英语作为外语来 说。as表示“作为”，符合语境。故填as。 7.was based考查动词的时态和语态。be based on..表示 “以…为基础”，为固定搭配，且此处表示的是过去的情况， 故填was based. 8.because考查连词。根据语境可知，上下文之间是因果关系， 且为前果后因，故填because。 9.enriched考查词形转换和时态。结合下文中的“making English with more words”可知，莎士比亚扩大了英语词汇量。 此事发生在过去，故填enriched,表示“使丰富”。 10.that/which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导 定语从句，指代先行词dictionary,并在从句中作主语，故填 that/which。 Ⅲ.参考范文： Robinson Crusoe is one of the most popular adventure novels written by the English writer Daniel Defoe. It is about the story of Robinson Crusoe,an Englishman who is cast away on an isolated island.He builds himself a hut,grows crops himself,and becomes self-sufficient.After 23 years he meets a young native and names him Friday.Crusoe and Friday become close friends,and four years later,they are rescued and both of them return to England. This novel is famous for its attractive details and is regarded as the first realistic novel in the British literary history. 练案[5] 一、语言基础训练 I.1.lens 2.poses 3.Grocery 4.fashion 5.faraway 6.celebrity II.1.a wide range of 2.Regardless of 3.take pictures 4.grocery store 5.focused on 6.nothing more than 7.rather than 8.belong to II.1.fascinating 2.on 3.of 4.that 5.than 6.until 7.belonging 8.increasing 9.fashions 10.more IV.1.nothing more than the poet's personal joumal 2.It is on weekends that 3.Whatever/No matter what you're doing 4.belong to different races and believe in different religions 5.it's easier for you to understand them 二、培优提升训练 I.文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了渴望体验新事 物的Tori Fahey辞掉了工作，在接受MBA学位教育期间去非洲 23 进行了自行车旅行，在旅途中感到很自由，还因此创办了自己的 公司Apidura l.C细节理解题。根据第一段“Having worked for more than a decade in finance in the oil industry in Canada,...it was curiosity about other interests and wanting to experience something new.(Tori Fahey在加拿大石油行业金融业工作了十多年，发 现自己想从生活中得到更多。但她的情况并不是在绝望中改 变的：‘我并不是因为受够了而愤然离开，而是对其他兴趣的 好奇，想要体验新事物。’)”可知，Fhey辞掉她在加拿大的工 作是因为她想给她的生活增加新的维度。故选C。 2.B推理判断题。根据第三段中“Fahey said:‘Bicycles provide a literal freedom.You don't allow yourself to feel like that in everyday life because there are so many distractions.But when you're out on the bike and there's nothing else,you're really free to experience what life is.'(Fahey说：‘自行车提供了一种真正 的自由。在日常生活中你不会有这样的感觉，因为有太多的 干扰。但当你骑着自行车外出时，没有别的干扰，你就可以真 正自由地体验生活。')”可推知，Fahey在非洲的骑行经历很 自由。故选B。 3.C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“‘It was through my trip across Africa that I discovered pannier and rack systems inconvenient and I was never going to use them again.Little did she know this would lead her to start up her own company. 我穿越非洲的旅途中，我发现pannier和rack系统很不方便， 我再也不会使用它们了。’她当时根本不知道这会促使她创办 自己的公司。)”以及最后一段中“In20l3,Apidura was born. producing storage solutions for people looking to travel the world by bike,race across continents and carry all they need to do so. (2013年，Apidura诞生了，为那些想要骑自行车环游世界、跨 大洲比赛并携带所需物品的人提供存储解决方案。)”可知， Fahey创办Apidura是为了帮助骑自行车的人携带旅行物品。 故选C。 4.D主旨大意题。根据最后一段“n2013,Apidura was born, producing storage solutions for people...but Fahey remains reflective about what else the company can do for people.(2013 年，Apidura诞生了，为那些想要骑自行车环游世界、跨大洲比 赛并携带所需物品的人提供存储解决方案。它现在是一个成 功的全球品牌，但Fahey仍然在思考公司还能为人们做些什 么。)”结合文章主要讲述了渴望体验新事物的Tori Fahey辞 掉了工作，在接受MBA学位教育期间去非洲进行了自行车旅 行，在旅途中感到很自由，还因此创办了自己的公司Apidura, 可知，这篇文章主要讲了Apidura诞生背后的故事。故选D。 文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。主要讨论了纸质阅读与数字阅 读、音频和视频学习方式的差异和效果。 5.D词句猜测题。根据前文“When reading texts of several hundred words or more,learning is generally more successful when it's on paper than onscreen.A large amount of research confirms this finding(当阅读几百字或更多的文本时，在纸上学 习通常比在屏幕上学习更成功。大量的研究证实了这一发 现。)”可知，在纸上学习更有成效，以及后文“when experimenters move from posing simple tasks-like identifying the main idea in a reading passage-to ones that require mental abstraction一such as drawing inferences from a text.(当实g验人 员从提出简单的任务（如识别阅读文章的主旨）转移到需要 思维抽象的任务（如从文本中推断）时)”推知，此处应是表达 “当实验者从简单的任务转向需要精神抽象的任务时，纸质阅 读的益处就变得显而易见”之意，所以shine through应是“显 而易见”之意，和D项意思相近。故选D。 6.A推理判断题。根据第四段“But equally important is the mental aspect.Reading researchers have proposed a theory called 5练案[4] Unit 1 F Section IV Writing- I.阅读理解 Let's do some sleep math.You lost two hours of sleep every night last week because of a big project due on Friday.On Saturday and Sunday, you slept in,getting four extra hours.On Monday morning,you were feeling so bright-eyed,and you only had one cup of coffee,instead of your usual two.But don't be cheated by your energy:You're still carrying around a heavy load of sleepiness,or what experts call“sleep debt”-in this case something like six hours,almost a full night's sleep. Sleep debt is the difference between the amount of sleep you should be getting and the amount you actually get.It's a deficit (that grows every time we skim some extra minutes off our nightly sleep.“People accumulate(积累)sleep debt gradually without being noticed,"says psychiatrist William C.Dement,founder of the Stanford University Sleep Research Centre.Studies show that such short-term lack of sleep leads to a foggy brain,worsened vision,and trouble remembering.Long-term effects include obesity and heart disease.A survey by the National Sleep Foundation reports that we're losing one hour of sleep each night-more than two full weeks of sleep each year. The good news is that,like all debts,with some work,sleep debt can be repaid.Adding an extra hour or two of sleep a night is the way to catch up on sleep debt.For the long-term lack of 15 ace Values 文学名著中的经典形象 sleep,take it easy for a few months to get back into a natural sleep pattern.Go to bed when you are tired,and allow your body to wake you in the morning no alarm clock allowed).You may find yourself catatonic(有紧张感的)in the beginning of the recovery cycle:Expect to have ten hours' shut-eye per night.As the days pass,however,the amount of sleeping time will gradually decrease. So earn back that lost sleep-and follow the orders of your inner sleep needs,and you'll feel better."When you put away sleep debt,you become superman,"says Stanford's Dement, talking about the improved mental and physical abilities that come with being well rested. 1.The example of sleep math is used to show A.in what case you build up a sleep debt B.why you need six hours'sleep every night C.why you are full of energy even when lacking sleep D.in what case you should drink coffee to keep energetic 2.The author begins Paragraph 2 with A.an example B.a definition(定义) C.an argument D.a discussion 3.By saying the underlined sentence in the last paragraph,Dement means A.you can get enough sleep with the superman's help B.you can achieve your goals with a sleep debt C.you will be in a good state with enough sleep D.you will be clever if you accumulate sleep debt 4.What might be the most suitable title for the text? A.How Can You Keep Energetic? B.Can You Have a Good Sleep? C.What Is Sleep Debt? D.Can You Catch up on Sleep Debt? B Terry Fox never thought he'd live a remarkable life. He liked sports,but no one thought he was talented.During his first year in the university,he had a pain in his right knee,which was so bad that he couldn't stand up.He went to the doctor for tests.They showed that he had cancer.He was going to lose his leg and be given an artificial one. Terry's family and friends all gave him fantastic support.Terry said that he knew all those people really cared and helped him.He decided to face it with bravery. One night Terry was looking through an article about Dick Traum,who also had an artificial leg and had run in the New York Marathon."If he can do it,"thought Terry,"I can,too.In fact,I'll run across Canada and raise money for cancer research. It will be a Marathon of Hope!" For the next 16 months,Terry had special treatments for his cancer.And then he also began to run a little every day.Each day he ran a little farther.It is 5,300 miles across Canada.Terry hoped to run thirty to forty miles a day so that it would take him six months.Most of all,he hoped to raise $1 million for cancer research. Because Terry had an artificial leg,running wasn't easy or straightforward.He had to move by jumping on one foot twice and then take a long step with his real leg.Although it looked awkward,he still kept on running.His action made people join him as he ran:children,football stars,wheelchair athletes and even his brother,Darrell.As Terry ran,people waved and cheered.So much money was donated that the volunteers used large garbage bags so everyone could give. Then,outside Thunder Bay,Ontario,Terry felt a sharp pain in his chest.The pain was from cancer;this time in his lungs.He had to abandon the Marathon after 3,339 miles.He told the people before he left,"I won't give up.I just hope people will continue to give money.And they did.Just under $25 million was given. Terry received numerous awards.At 22,he was the youngest Canadian to ever receive Canada's highest award,the Companion of the Order of Canada. 5.What made Terry decide to run across Canada? A.His passion for Marathon. B.An urge to live a normal life. C.The support of his family and friends. D.The inspiring experience of Dick Traum. 6.People joined him when he ran mainly because A.they were moved by the scene of Terry's running B.they served as volunteers in the marathon C.they considered Terry as a great hero D.they loved running very much 7.Why did he finally stop the marathon? A.He collected enough money for the donation. B.His family and friends persuaded him to abandon it. C.He got great pain in his body because of the cancer. D.Running with the artificial leg wasn't straightforward. 8.Which of the following words can best describe Terry? A.Generous. B.Cooperative. C.Determined. D.Creative. 62 Ⅱ.语法填空 根据短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 At 1. end of the 16th century,about five to seven million people spoke English.Nearly all of 2. (they)lived in England.They were native speakers.Later in the next century,people from England made 3. voyage)to conquer other parts of the world and English began to be spoken worldwide.Today,the number of people 4. learn)English in China is increasing 5. (rapid).Besides,people from many other countries also speak English 6. their foreign language. The English language has been changing quite a lot over the last four centuries.Old English sounded more or less like German for it 7. (base)on German,but gradually between AD 800 and 1150, English became less like German 8. those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French. Two people had great effects on the English changes.One was Shakespeare,who 9. (rich) the English vocabulary,making English with more words;the other was Noah Webster,who wrote a dictionary 10 gave American English its own identity. Ⅲ.应用文写作 注意：词数80左右。 《鲁滨逊漂流记》是英国小说家丹尼尔·笛 福(Daniel Defoe)写的一部著名小说。请根据下 列要点写一篇简介： 1.该书是丹尼尔·笛福最受欢迎的历险小 说之一 2.简述小说的主要故事情节； 3.小说的情节引人入胜，这部小说被认为是 英国文学史上的第一部现实主义长篇小说。 -153