Unit 5 阅读理解题型点拨（五）——词义猜测题之猜测代词-【成才之路·学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步新课程学习指导(外研版)

138 阅读理解题型点拔（五)——词 命题透视 纵观近五年高考阅读理解中的代词指代题 可以看出，高考中常考的是人称代词(I,it,them) 以及指示代词that的指代对象，2020年新高考 I(山东)第9题考查了指示代词that的指代， 2019年全国I第21题考查了人称代词I的 指代。 方法点拨 l.文章中的代词it,that,them等通常指代上 文提到的人或事物，因此其指代含义也通常在其 前的内容中寻找。 2.有时代词与指代的对象相隔较远，要认真 查找：有时需要对前面提到的内容进行总结，才 能得出代词所指代的事物。 3.一般来讲，代词指代题不会单纯从语法角 度考查指代对象，都需要借助上下文语境以及逻 辑关系来进行猜测。 >典例剖析 The traffic signals along Factoria Boulevard in Bellevue,Washington,generally don't flash the same length of green twice in a row,especially at rush hour.At 9:30 a.m.,the full red/yellow/green signal cycle might be 140 seconds.By 9:33 a.m., a burst of additional traffic might push it to 145 seconds.Less traffic at 9:37 a.m.could push it 义猜测题之猜测代词的指代意义 down to 135.Just like the traffic itself,the timing of the signals changes. That is by design.Bellevue,a fast-growing city just east of Seattle,uses a system that is gaining popularity around the US:intersection(十字路口) signals that can adjust in real time to traffic conditions.These lights,known as adaptive signals, have led to significant declines in both the trouble and cost of travels between work and home. What does the underlined word“that”in paragraph 2 refer to? A.Increased length of green lights. B.The shortened traffic signal cycle. C.Flexible timing of traffic signals. D.Smooth traffic flow on the road. 解析：C词义猜测题。根据第一段尾句“Just like the traffic itself,the timing of the signals changes.”并结合前文可知，华盛顿该地区的 交通信号灯会根据交通情况灵活安排红绿灯 时间，同时根据画线词后的“by design”可知， 这种灵活时间是专门设计的，故that指的是 灵活的交通信号灯时间安排。故选C。 素养等级测评 请同学们认真完成考案（五） 。139 Unit 6 Space and beyond 单元核心素养 让学生了解太空探索的一些信息：根据太 unexceptional,shadow,scream,suspend,crew,submit, 文化意识 空探索的相关信息形成对太空探索的初 awesome,telescope,angle,invisible,..straightforward,核心单词 步认知 self-discipline,fetch,muscle,pepper,sneeze,disc 单 语言能力 the space shuttle,set foot on,become accustomed to. 核心素养 通过学习和了解本单元与太空探索相关 be aware of,take off,tune in,be about to,a sense of, 的知识，培养自已的科学探素精神：通过 思维品质 on board,cast a shadow on,take one's place,the naked 学习课文形成对太空探素正确的认知态 eyes,enable...to do,be engaged in...,close to be composed of.. 核心短语 复习情态动词 语法 能熟练运用本单元的词汇和语法写有关 学习能力 太空探索的文章：会表达与太空探索相关 写一篇关于住在太空的文章 写作任务 的话题观点 单元话题导读 Scott Kelly,Mikhail Kornienko Celebrate Their 171st Day in Space Astronauts Scott Kelly of NASA and Mikhail Kornienko of Roscosmos arrived at the International Space Station where they would have 171 days to spend,looking down on us from our planet's orbit.As planned,their trip is longer than any other astronaut's so far. Why make astronauts spend so much time in space? It might sound like a whole lot of time to spend in space,but the fact is that their mission is far from over.Their one-year trip aboard should help scientists understand what problems might arise during prolonged spaceflight.In addition,several experiments would be carried out at the same time. For instance,they've had their eyes and their vision closely monitored to pin down any potential changes due to increased intracranial pressure,in turn the result of fluid shifts in the upper body because of weightlessness. Hoping to get a better idea of how the human body transforms in space,researchers are also comparing Scott Kelly to his twin brother,retired astronaut Mark Kelly. During their stay aboard the orbital complex,the astronauts have seen many other space explorers come and go.