定语从句-2025-2026学年高中英语必修一语法重难点精讲（重大版）

高中重庆大学出版社 【必修1】 定语从句精讲 语法专版 【语法专题】定语从句专项突破 高中重庆大学出版社必修1 语法精讲 语法概述：定语从句（关系代词：关系副词：介词+关系代词）=用来修饰名词或代词的从句， 关系代词(who,whom,whose,.which,that)代替先行词在从句中作主语、宾语或定语，关系副词 (when,where,,why)代替先行词在从句中作时间、地点或原因状语，介词+关系代词结构中关系代 词指代先行词且介词根据从句谓语动词搭配或先行词特点确定，整体在句中作定语修饰先行词。 一、重难点讲解 重难点一：关系代词的选择与用法讲解： 关系代词包括that、which、who、whom、whose,用于指代先行词并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定 语等成分。hat既可指人也可指物，可作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略：which只能指物，作主语 或宾语：who指人，作主语；whom指人，作宾语，可省略：whose指人或物，作定语，表示” 的”。 例句： ●The book that/which I bought yesterday is very interesting.(that/which指物，作宾语，可省略) ·The girl who is standing there is my sister.(who指人，作主语) 。This is the student whose homework was praised by the teacher.(whose指人，作定语) 真题再现： l.(2024重庆渝中期末，重庆大学出版社)Theman_is talking to our teacher is our new headmaster. A.which B.who C.whose D.whom 答案：B 解析：先行词the man指人，从句中缺少主语，用关系代词who。 2.（2023 重庆沙坪坝月考，重庆大学出版社)This is the house I lived in last year. A.who B.whose C.which 高中重庆大学出版社 【必修1】 定语从句精讲 D.where 答案：C解析：先行词the house指物，从句中缺少介词in的宾语，用关系代词which, 重难点二：关系副词的用法及与关系代词的区别讲解： 关系副词包括when、where、why,在从句中分别作时间状语、地点状语、原因状语。when指代 先行词表时间，where指代先行词表地点，why指代先行词表原因（先行词通常是reason)。关系 代词在从句中作主语或宾语，而关系副词作状语。 例句： 。I still remember the day when I first came to this school..(when作时间状语，先行词是day) 。This is the place where I grew up..(where作地点状语，先行词是place) ·The reason why he was late is that he missed the bus.(why作原因状语，先行词是reason) 真题再现： l.(2024重庆九龙坡期中，重庆大学出版社)I will never forget the time we spent together in the countryside A.when B.which C.where D.why 答案：B,解析：先行词the time在从句中作spent的宾语，应用关系代词which,而非关系 副词when。 2.(2023重庆渝北期末，重庆大学出版社)This is the museum_we visited last month A.where B.when C.which D.why 答案：C解析：先行词the museum在从句中作visited的宾语，用关系代词which,where作 状语时从句不缺宾语。 重难点三：”介词+关系代词”的结构及用法讲解： 当从句中的动词与先行词构成搭配，或从句中形容词与先行词构成搭配时，常用”介词+关系代 词”结构，关系代词只能用which(指物)或whom(指人)。介词的选择取决于先行词与介词的搭 配或从句中动词、形容词与介词的搭配。 例句： ●This is the book about which we talked yesterday.(talk about是固定搭配，about提前，指物用 which) 2 高中重庆大学出版社 【必修1】 定语从句精讲 ·The girl with whom I went shopping is my cousin.(with与先行词the girl构成伴随关系，指人用 whom) 真题再现： 1.(2024 重庆北碚月考，重庆大学出版社)The room_my mother once lived in is now a reading room A.which B.in which C.that D.where 答案：B 解析：先行词the room在从句中作livedin的宾语，可表达为in which或which.in, 此处选项中in which符合”介词+关系代词”结构。 2.(2023重庆巴南期末，重庆大学出版社)The teacher we often turn for help is very kind to us. A.to whom B.whom C.which D.to which 答案：A 解析：turn to sb.for help是固定搭配，先行词the teacher指人，用'介词to+whom 结构。 易错点综合演练 I单项选择（直击重难点） 1.The girl is wearing a red dress is my best friend. A.which B.who C.whose D.whom 2.This is the park we had a picnic last Sunday. A.where B.which C.when D.why 3.The book we talked about yesterday is very popular among students. A.which B.with which C.about which 3 高中重庆大学出版社 【必修1】 定语从句精讲 D.that 4.The teacher we often ask for advice is very experienced. A.to whom B.whom C.which D.for whom Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化句型结构） l.The man_(stand at the door is our new neighbor.(用关系代词补全句子) 2.I still remember the day_(when/which)I met you for the first time.(选择合适的关系词) 3.This is the pen_(with which/.which)I wrote the letter..(选择合适的关系词结构) 4.The reason(why/that)he was absent is not clear.(选择合适的关系词) Ⅲ.短文填空（综合运用定语从句） 用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空，使短文完整通顺。 I live in a small townis surrounded by mountains.There is a park in the townmany people like to take a walk.The park has a lake water is very clear.I often go to the park with my friend father works in the park.Last week,we met an old man told us many stories about the town.We had a good time in the park we spent the whole afternoon V.按要求改写句子（巩固定语从句用法） l.This is the house.I was born in this house.(合并为含定语从句的句子) 2.She is the girl.I lent my book to her.(合并为含”介词+关系代词'结构的定语从句) 3.HIe told me the reason..He was late for school for the reason.(合并为含定语从句的句子) 4.The film is very interesting.We saw the film last night..(合并为含定语从句的句子) 综合演练参考答案 I.单项选择：1B2.A3.C4.A 4 高中重庆大学出版礼 【必修1】 定语从句精讲 Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空： 1.who is standing 2.when 3.with which 4.why Ⅲ.短文填空： 1.which/that 2.where 3.whose 4.whose 5.who/that 6.which/that V.按要求改写句子： 1.This is the house in which I was born./This is the house which/that I was born in. 2.She is the girl to whom I lent my book. 3.He told me the reason why he was late for school. 4.The film which/that we saw last night is very interesting.