内容正文:
选修1外研版
【语法专版】
重难点精讲
语法专版
【语法专题】动词不定式、动词-ig等作表
语专项突破
高中外研版选修1
语法精讲
语法概述:动词不定式(to+动词原形)或动词-ing形式(动词原形+ing)放在系动词(如be,
become,seem等)后,说明主语的性质、特征或状态,在句中作表语。
重难点讲解
重难点一:动词不定式与动词g形式作表语的基本用法及区别讲解:
动词不定式(tod0)作表语时,常表示具体的、一次性的或将来的动作,也可用于说明主语的内
容、性质或目的。
动词-ing形式(doing)作表语时,多表示抽象的、习惯性的动作或主语的性质、特征,相当于形
容词。
区别:不定式作表语强调动作的具体性或将来性,-g形式强调动作的抽象性或习惯性。
例句:
●My dream is to become a scientist.(说明主语的具体内容,表将来)
。The best way is to learn by doing.(表示具体的方式方法)
·Her hobby is painting.(表示习惯性动作,主语的特征)
。The film is exciting.(说明主语的性质,此处exciting为现在分词作表语)
·My job is to clean the room today..(今天的具体任务,不定式)
。My job is cleaning the room.(日常的工作内容,-ing形式)
真题再现:
1.(2024
北京海淀期中,外研版)Her main goal is_the English speech competition.
A.win
B.to win
C.winning
D.won
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答案:B解析:句意为“她的主要目标是赢得英语演讲比赛”,表示具体的、将来的动作,
用不定式to win作表语。
2.(2023江苏南京月考,外研版)The most important thing is carefully in class..
A.listen
B.to listen
C.listening
D.listens
答案:C
解析:“课上认真听讲”是抽象的行为习惯,用listening作表语强调习惯性动作。
重难点二:be动词后接不定式与ig形式表“即将发生”的区别讲解:
be+todo表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作,或表示命令、义务等。
be+doing表示最近或即将发生的动作,多用于表示位置移动的动词(如go,come,leave,arrive等)。
例句:
。The train is to leave at8o'clock.(按计划即将发生)
●You are to finish the work before Friday.(命令或义务)
。He is leaving for Beijing tomorrow.(即将发生的动作)
。The plane is arriving in 10 minutes.(近期即将发生)
真题再现:
1.(2024山东烟台期末,外研版)The meeting start at9:00,so we must arrive on time.
A.is to
B.is going
C.will
D.shall
答案:A解析:句中“会议9点开始”是按计划安排的内容,用be to do结构表计划
2.(2023
渐江杭州期中,外研版)Look!The bus一here.Let'shuy.
A.comes
B.is coming
C.to come
D.came
答案:B
解析:“公交车就要来了”表示即将发生的动作,位置移动动词come用现在进行
时表将来,即be doing形式。
重难点三:作表语时不定式符号o的省略情况讲解:
当主语部分含有实义动词do的某种形式(do,does,did,done)时,作表语的不定式可省略to。
若主语部分不含实义动词do,则不定式to不能省略。
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例句:
。What he wants to do is help others..(主语含does,表语不定式help省略to)
●The only thing we can do now is wait.(主语含do,表语不定式wait省略to)
。My wish is to travel around the world.(主语不含do,to不能省略)
真题再现:
1.(2024
广东广州月考,外研版)All you need to do now is patient.
A.be
B.to be
C.being
D.been
答案:A
解析:主语部分含实义动词do(need to do),作表语的不定式be省略to,故选A。
2.(2023
湖北武汉期末,外研版)The first step is_a good plan.
A.make
B.to make
C.making
D.made
答案:B解析:主语“The first step”不含实义动词do,作表语的不定式to make不能省略
to,故选B。
重难点四:动名词与现在分词作表语的区别讲解:
动名词(dong)作表语时,说明主语的性质或内容,主语和表语可以互换位置,句意不变。
现在分词(doig)作表语时,表示主语的特征或状态,相当于形容词,主语多为物,不可与表语
互换位置。
例句:
。His hobby is collecting stamps..→Collecting stamps is his hobby.(动名词作表语,可互换)
·The news is surprising.(现在分词作表语,表主语特征,不可互换)
真题再现:
1.(2024
四川成都期中,外研版)The experience of volunteering is_and I learned a lot,
A.meaning
B.meaningful
C.to mean
D.meant
答案:B解析:句意为“志愿者经历很有意义”,此处表示主语的特征,用形容词meaningful
(现在分词演变而来)作表语。
2.(2023
陕西西安期末,外研版)Her favorite sport is一
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重难点精讲
A.swim
B.to swim
C.swimming
D.swum
答案:C解析:“她最喜欢的运动是游泳”,说明主语的内容,swimming为动名词作表语,
可与主语互换位置,故选C。
易错点综合演练
I单项选择(直击重难点)
1.Her main aim is a doctor in the future.
A.become
B.to become
C.becoming
D.became
2.The most important thing for students ishard every day.
A.study
B.to study
C.studying
D.studies
3.The meeting begin at 3 p.m.according to the schedule.
A.is to
B.is going
C.will
D.shall
4.Look!The train the station.Let's run quickly.
A.leaves
B.is leaving
C.to leave
D.left
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空(强化句型结构)
1.What he wants to do is(help)the poor children.
2.My favorite activity in free time is(read novels
3.The first thing we need to do is(make)a detailed plan
4.The film is so (interest)that I want to watch it again.
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Ⅲ.短文填空(综合运用语法点)
用括号内单词的适当形式填空,使短文完整通顺。
My sister's dream is 1.(be)a teacher.She thinks teaching is 2.(mean)because she can help
students learn.Every day,her routine is 3.(get)up early and prepare lessons.Tomorrow,she 4.
(attend)a teaching workshop.The workshop 5.(start)at 9 a.m.She says the best way to improve is
6.(learn)from experienced teachers.What she enjoys most is 7.(interact)with students.
V.连词成句(聚焦句型结构)
1.is,my,to,goal,university,enter,a,good,(.
2.hobby,his,playing,is,basketball,(.
3.the,is,to,thing,important,most,carefully,listen,(
4.is,leaving,he,for,Shanghai,tomorrow,(
V.按要求改写句子(巩固语法区别)
1.Ier plan is to travel to Europe.(对划线部分提问)
2.The job is cleaning the garden.(改为用不定式作表语的句子)
3.He is going to leave for Beijing.(改为用be to do结构的句子)
4.What I can do now is wait.(改为含to的句子)
参考答案
I.单项选择:1B2.C3.A4.B
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空:1help
2.reading 3.make
4.interesting
Ⅲ短文填空:
1.to be 2.meaningful 3.getting 4.is going to attend
5.is to start 6.to learn
7.interacting
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选修1外研版
【语法专版】
重难点精讲
V.连词成句:
1.My goal is to enter a good university.
2.His hobby is playing basketball.
3.The most important thing is to listen carefully
4.He is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow.
V.按要求改写句子:
1.What is her plan?
2.The job is to clean the garden.
3.He is to leave for Beijing.
4.What I can do now is to wait.
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