Unit 5情态动词与过去将来时-2025-2026学年高中英语必修三语法重难点精讲（人教版）

高中人教版必修3 【寒假专版】 D版重难点精讲 寒假专版 【语法专题】情态动词与过去将来时专项突 破 高中人教版必修3 语法精讲 语法概述：情态动词+过去将来时，情态动词表示说话人的语气和态度，过去将来时表示从过去 某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态，两者结合用于描述过去语境中对未来的推测、计划、意 愿等。 一、重难点讲解 重难点一：情态动词表推测的用法（对过去情况的推测）讲解： 情态动词(must,may,might,could,can’t)+have done可表示对过去情况的推测： ,must have done:肯定推测，“一定做过某事”（语气最肯定）： -may/night/could have done:可能推测，“可能/也许做过某事”(might可能性低于may,could 可表过去的能力或可能性)： -can't have done:否定推测，“不可能做过某事”（语气肯定）。 例句： -She looks upset.She must have heard the bad news..(她看起来很沮丧，一定是听到了坏消息。) -Ie may have missed the train.Let's call him.(他可能错过了火车，我们给他打个电话吧。) -You can't have finished the work in an hour..It's too difficult.（你不可能在一小时内完成这项工 作，它太难了。) 真题再现： 1.(2024北京朝阳区期中，人教版必修3)一Why didn't Tom attend the meeting yesterday2 -He ill,but I'm not sure. A.must be B.might have been C.should have been D.can be 答案：B,解析：根据语境“不确定”，对过去情况的推测用might have been,表“可能生病 了”。 1 高中人教版必修3 【寒假专版】 D版重难点精讲 2.(2023 湖北武汉月考，人教版必修3)The ground is wet.It_rained last night. A.must have B.might have C.can'thave D.should have 答案：A解析：地面湿了，是过去下雨的肯定证据，用must have rained表“一定下过雨”。 重难点二：情态动词表虚拟语气(should/ought to have done)讲解： should/ought to have done表示“本应该做某事但未做”，隐含责备或遗憾；其否定形式shouldn't have done表示“本不应该做某事但做了”。 例句： -You should have told me the truth earlier..(你本应该早点告诉我真相。) -She ought to have studied harder for the exam.(她本应该更努力备考。) -He shouldn't have left without saying goodbye..(他本不应该不告而别。) 真题再现： 1.(2024广东广州期末，人教版必修3)I failed the math exam again. -You more attention to it. A.should pay B.should have paid C.must pay D.must have paid 答案：B解析：“考试失败”是过去的结果，隐含“本应该更关注但未做到”，用should have paid。 2.(2023四川成都期中，人教版必修3)They_so much money on unnecessary things.Now they re short of cash A.shouldn't spend B.shouldn't have spent C.needn't spend D.needn't have spent 答案：B解析：“花了太多钱”是过去的行为，且导致现在缺钱，用shouldn’t have spent表 “本不该花但花了”。 重难点三：过去将来时的构成与用法讲解： 过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用于宾语从句中（主句为 过去时)，主要结构： 1.would+动词原形（无人称变化）： 2 高中人教版必修3 【寒假专版】 D版重难点精讲 2.was/were going to+动词原形（强调过去的计划或迹象）。 例句： -He said he would visit us the next day.（他说第二天会来看我们。) -She told me she was going to study abroad.(她告诉我她打算出国学习。) 真题再现： l.(2024江苏南京月考，人教版必修3)She promised she_me as soon as she arrived in Beijing. A.calls B.will call C.would call D.called 答案：C解析：主句谓语promised是过去时，宾语从句表过去将要发生的动作，用would call。 2.(2023 浙江杭州期末，人教版必修3)Did you know where he_? -He said he to the library. A.will go;is going B.would go;was going C.goes;will go D.went;was going 答案：B解析：问句中“过去将要去哪里”和答句“过去打算去图书馆”均需用过去将来 时，分别用would go和was going。 重难点四：情态动词与过去将来时的混合使用讲解： 情态动词(could,might,.should,,would)可与过去将来时结合，表示过去的“能力、可能性、意愿 或义务”。 ,could/.would+动词原形：过去的能力或意愿： might+动词原形：过去的可能性： should+动词原形：过去的义务或建议。 例句： -He said he could finish the task alone.(他说他能独自完成任务。) -I thought she might come to the party.(我以为她可能会来派对。) 真题再现： l.(2024山东济南期中，人教版必修3)The teacher told us that we keep quiet during the exam A.should B.will 高中人教版必修3 【寒假专版】 D版重难点精讲 C.can D.may 答案：A解析：主句told是过去时，宾语从句表过去的“义务”，用should表“应该保持安 静”。 2.(2023河南郑州期末，人教版必修3)He said he help me with my English if I needed it,. A.will B.would C.can D.may 答案：B解析：主句said是过去时，从句表过去的“意愿”，用would help表“会帮助我”。 易错点综合演练 I单项选择（直击重难点） 1.You look tired.You stayed up late last night. A.must have B.might have C.can't have D.should have 2.-Why didn't you answer my call? -I'm sorry.I been busy cooking A.must have B.might have C.can't have D.should have 3.He said hehelp me with my project,but he never did. A.will B.would C.can D.may 4.You told me about the meeting.I missed it. A.must have B.might have C.should have D.could have Ⅱ用所给词的适当形式填空（强化句型结构） 高中人教版必修3 【寒假专版】 D版重难点精讲 1.She looks happy.She(receive)good news.(must) 2.They(arrive)here by now.The train was on time.(should) 3.He(not finish)the work alone.It's too hard for him.(can) 4.I thought she(come)to the party,but she didn't.(might) Ⅲ，短文填空（综合运用重难点） Last night,I saw Tom at the party,but he didn't talk to me.He 1.(not see)me,or he 2.(say) hello.My friend said Tom 3.(be)upset because he 4.(fail)the exam.He 5.(study)harder,but he didn't.I 6.(go)to comfort him today.I think he 7.(feel)better. V.连词成句（聚焦句型结构） 1.must,have,he,the,heard,news,(. 2.she,have,might,the,missed,bus,(. 3.should,you,have,earlier,come,(. 4.would,he,said,help,he,me,( V.按要求改写句子（巩固否定、疑问句式） l.He must have finished the work.（改为否定句) 2.They might have gone to the park.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答) 3.She should have told me the truth.(对划线部分提问) 4.He said he would come.(改为否定句) 参考答案 I.单项选择：1.A2.B3.B4.C 高中人教版必修3 【寒假专版】 D版重难点精讲 Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空：I.must have received2.should have arrived3.can'thave finished 4.might have come Ⅲ.短文填空： 1.might not have seen 2.would have said 3.must have been 4.must have failed 5.should have studied 6.will go 7.will feel IV.连词成句： 1.He must have heard the news. 2.She might have missed the bus. 3.You should have come earlier. 4.He said he would help me. V.按要求改写句子： 1.He can't have finished the work. 2.Might they have gone to the park?Yes,they might. 3.What should she have told me? 4.He said he wouldn't come. 6