Unit 1动词-ing形式作定语 表语-2025-2026学年高中英语必修三语法重难点精讲（人教版）

高中人教版 【语法精讲】 必修3Unit1 语法专版 【语法专题】动词-ig形式作定语和表语专 项突破 高中人教版必修3Unit1 语法精讲 语法概述：动词原形加-g构成，作定语时修饰名词表示被修饰词的特征或用途，作表语时说明 主语的性质或状态。 重难点讲解 重难点一：动词ng形式作定语的用法讲解： 动词-ig形式作定语时，可表示被修饰名词的性质、特征或用途，此时相当于形容词；也可表示 主动或进行的动作，与被修饰名词构成逻辑上的主谓关系。单个-g形式作定语时通常放在名词 前，短语则放在名词后。 The running water is very clear.(running表示性质，意为“流动的") The girl singing in the room ismy sister.(singing in the room作后置定语，与girl构成主谓关系，意 为“正在房间里唱歌的女孩”) 真题再现： l.(2024人教版必修3配套教辅练习)Look at the dog.It is trying to catch the cat. A.run B.running C.ran D.runs 答案：B解析：此处需要形容词修饰dog,unning表示“正在跑的”，符合语境。 2.(2023 人教版必修3所在地区期中真题)The students in the classroom are from Class3 A.read B.reading C.to read D.reads 答案：B解析：reading in the classroom为后置定语，修饰students,与students是主谓关系， 表主动进行的动作。 高中人教版 【语法精讲】 必修3Unit1 重难点二：动词g形式作表语的用法讲解： 动词-g形式作表语时，多表示主语的性质、特征或状态，相当于形容词，主语通常是物：也可 表示抽象的动作概念，主语通常是事或活动。 His speech is inspiring.(inspiring表示主语speech的性质，意为“鼓舞人心的”) Her job is teaching English.(teaching English表示主语job的内容，是抽象动作概念) 真题再现： 1.(2024人教版必修3单元测试)The news sounds_,All of us are happy to hear it.. A.excited B.exciting C.excite D.to excite 答案：B解析：sounds为系动词，后接表语，此处表示news的特征，用exciting(令人兴 奋的)。 2.（2023人教版必修3同步练习)My favorite sport is_. A.swim B.swims C.swimming D.to swim 答案：C解析：此处表示抽象的动作概念，用swimming作表语，说明sport的具体内容。 重难点三：动词g形式作定语与现在分词短语作定语的区别讲解： 单个动词-ig形式作定语时，通常表示被修饰名词的性质、用途或正在进行的动作，位于名词前： 现在分词短语作定语时，必须放在名词后，相当于一个定语从句，强调动作的主动和进行。 a sleeping boy(单个-ing作定语，表性质“正在睡觉的”) the boy sleeping in the bed(分词短语作定语，相当于the boy who is sleeping in the bed) 真题再现： 1.(2024 人教版必修3地区期末真题)Do you know the boy_under the tree? A.stand B.standing C.stands D.to stand 答案：B 解析：standing under the tree为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰boy,表主动进行 的动作，相当于who is standing。 2.(2023人教版必修3教辅练习)This is a_machine.It can help us clean the floor. A.clean B.cleaning C.cleaned D.to clean 2 高中人教版 【语法精讲】 必修3Unit1 答案：B解析：单个-ing形式cleaning作定语，表用途“用来清洁的”，修饰machine。 重难点四：动词g形式作表语与动名词作表语的区别讲解： 动词-g形式作表语若表示主语的性质、特征，为现在分词，相当于形容词；若表示抽象的动作 或主语的内容，为动名词，与主语在意义上等同，可互换位置。 The movie is interesting.(现在分词，表性质) Her hobby is painting.(动名词，表内容，可改为Painting is her hobby.) 真题再现： 1.(2024人教版必修3期中真题)The story he told us was._.We all laughed.. A.amused B.amusing C.amuse D.to amuse 答案：B解析：此处表示stoy的性质“有趣的”，用现在分词amusing作表语。 2.(2023人教版必修3单元练习)What he likes most is stamps. A.collect B.collects C.collecting D.collected 答案：C解析：此处表示主语what he likes most的内容，用动名词collecting作表语，可与 Collecting stamps is what he likes most互换。 易错点综合演练 I单项选择（直击重难点） 1.The child is playing happily in the garden. A.laugh B.laughing C.laughed D.laughs 2.Her main hobby is stories for children. A.write B.writes C.writing D.to write 3.Do you see the girlunder the big tree? 3 高中人教版 【语法精讲】 必修3Unit1 A.read B.reading C.reads D.to read 4.The news from the front is.We all feel proud A.excited B.exciting C.excite D.to excite Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化句型结构） 1.This is a (work)machine.It can make different kinds of paper. 2.The man (stand)at the door is our new teacher. 3.His performance was so(amaze)that everyone cheered. 4.My favorite outdoor activity is(climb)mountains with friends. Ⅲ.短文填空（综合运用动词-ing形式） Look!The students(play)basketball on the playground are from Grade Two.Their team is called the _(run)Tigers.The game is really(excite).Many people come to watch.A boy(shout)loudly is their captain.His job is(lead)the team to win.Everyone thinks this is a(mean)activity for the students. V.连词成句（聚焦句型结构） 1.is,the,interesting,book,very,reading (. 2.a,girl,singing,the,in,room,is,my,sister (. 3.his,is,teaching,job,English,in,middle,school,a (. 4.we,the,saw,dog,running,along,street,the ( V.按要求改写句子（巩固动词-ing形式用法） 1.The boy who is crying in the corner is my brother.(改为含动词-ing形式的句子) 2.Her story was very moving.(改为同义句，用动词-ing形式作表语) 3.The machine for cutting paper is very useful.(改为含动词-ing形式作定语的句子) 4 高中人教版 【语法精讲】 必修3Unit缸 4.His hobby is to collect stamps..(改为含动名词的句子) 参考答案 I.单项选择：1B2.C3.B4.B Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空：1.working2.standing 3.amazing 4.climbing Ⅲ.短文填空： 1.playing 2.Running 3.exciting 4.shouting 5.leading 6.meaningful V.连词成句： 1.Reading the book is very interesting. 2.The girl singing in the room is my sister. 3.His job is teaching English in a middle school. 4.We saw the dog running along the street. V.按要求改写句子： 1.The crying boy in the corner is my brother 2.Her story was very moving..(无需修改，原句已符合要求) 3.The paper-cutting machine is very useful 4.His hobby is collecting stamps.