UNIT 3 Section III Listening and Talking-【成才之路·练案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步新课程学习指导(人教版)

练案[11] UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION Section IIⅢ Listening and Talking,Reading for Writing I.单句语法填空 4.要学好汉语，你最好住在一个中国家庭里（不 1.Have mercy others and you will 定式作状语)。 get more in the future. it's best for you 2.True happiness does not lie in the to live in a Chinese family. possess)of money,but the joy of achievement. 5.环顾四周时，我发现其他新生在聊天，随意地 3.Detectives are investigating the company,three 相互介绍(when引导时间状语从句)。 of whose senior executives have already been I noticed other arrest. freshmen chatting and casually introducing 4.George Orwell,whose real name was Eric Arthur themselves to each other. Blair,wrote many politics) Ⅲ.阅读理解 novels and essays. 5.Throughout her career as a (2025·北京东城高二模拟) profession)dancer,she toured in the UK,but How do oceans affect you?If you live far from always longed to explore further. the coast,you might think they don't.But life on 6.That kind of ice-cream tasting like a this planet depends on the ocean.It covers almost (mix)of banana and strawberry three-quarters of the planet and holds about 97%of is delicious. Earth's water..The phytoplankton(浮游植物)that 7.The show ended with thunderous live on the oceans'surface produce half of the (applaud),with the kids bowing dramatically. oxygen in the atmosphere.Oceans are a vital source 8.One of the most wonderful (migrate)of food and other resources and an economic engine in nature is that of the North American monarch for many communities. butterfly. For all the ocean provides for us,we haven't Ⅱ.完成句子 always been so responsible in our stewardship( 1.我们不得不给救护车让路，这样它才能迅速通 理).“The ocean was considered as a dumping 过车流(so that引导目的状语从句)。 ground for so long,"says Caitlyn Toropova of the We had to give way to the ambulance International Union for Conservation of Nature quickly. IUCN)."There was a sense that there was no way 2.随着这种古老文化逐渐消失，越来越难找到它 we could harm it because it is so vast." 的传承者(as引导时间状语从句)。 But human activities are having a negative gradually disappears,it is more and more impact on many of the world's oceans,jeopardizing difficult to find its inheritors. marine life,habitats,and ecosystems.These threats 3.中国已经修建了更多的高速公路，这让人们从 include overfishing or destructive fishing,coastal 一个地方到另外一个地方更加容易（动词-ig development,pollution and water runoff,and the 形式作结果状语)。 introduction of non-native species.Climate change China has built more highways, is also having a big effect by causing warming seas from one place to another. and ocean acidification. 154 The realization that something needs to be 2.What was the common view about the ocean done to stem or reverse the damage has led to the according to Toropova? creation of marine protected areas(MPAs).There A.It was too vast to be fully explored. are approximately5,OO0 designated(指定的) B.Ocean pollution was not very serious. MPAs around the world but many more that are not C.Human activities had little effect on it. officially recognized.That may sound like a lot,but D.It provided us with abundant resources. less than 1%of the world's oceans are protected.3.What does the underlined word"jeopardizing"in "Countries around the world have committed to Paragraph 3 probably mean? protecting 10%.But even though there's been an A.Rescuing. B.Classifying. increase in the past ten years,at the current rate, C.Discovering. D.Endangering. it would take 100 years to reach that goal,"4.What can be inferred from Toropova's words in Toropova says. the last paragraph? 1.What does Paragraph 1 intend to show us? A.More efforts are needed to protect oceans. A.The human impact on ocean species. B.MPAs contribute little to ocean protection. B.The importance of oceans to humans. C.People's goals are too unrealistic to be achieved. C.The urgency of protecting our oceans. D.Every country has the duty to save marine D.The great success in ocean exploration. wildlife. ...m V.完形填空 (2025·武宁高二检测) 1.A.fed B.feasted It was a cool and breezy night.As I stood on the C.entertained D.treated deck,I could feel the warm tangy smell coming from the 2.A.highly B.soundly sea.Earlier on,the ocean liner()was still full of C.lately D.solidly people who 1 and drank on the deck.Everyone was 3.A.murmur B.shout 2 asleep now and as I stood there,I could hear the C.breath D.weep hypnotic(催眠的)3_of the waves.. 4.A.faint B.heavy C.clear D.thick I sat down at a corner and decided to rest my 4 head on my backpack.Slowly,my eyelids grew heavy 5.A.storms B.spots C.dots D.drops and I dozed off.Suddenly,I was awaken by the rain 6.A.rough B.tough 5 that fell on my face.The wind was blowing C.sharp D.deep stronger and the waves got higher.The calm sea had 7.A.gently B.abruptly turned 6.I struggled to stand up but lost my balance C.violently D.swiftly and fell as the ship was rocking 7.Many rushed out8.A.paced B.swept but they 8 from one side of the ship to another.The C.rolled D.slid raging waters were crushing the ship and thunder seemed 9.A.turn down B.die down to smash upon our heads.People started to run about to C.die off D.turn away seek shelter.After a long battle with the storm,it 10.A.relief B.satisfaction appeared to 9.We breathed in 10. C.delight D.anticipation 155 Suddenly someone shouted,“The ship is sinking！”11.A.in confusion B.at a loss Waters were rushing in as the side of the ship was C.at ease D.in chaos damaged.I was 11 for words and stared blankly. 12.A.lose B.save “Hurry,John！There is no time to 122_!”Iwas C.throw D.leave 13 upon hearing my name as I was totally absorbed13.A.pleased B.confused in the worries in my brain.I turned around and saw the C.startled D.amazed rest of the passengers began to 14 a lifeboat. 14.A.board B.push Without second thoughts,I joined them. C.squeeze D.drive Until today,that terrifying 15 is still imprinted 15.A.event B.challenge in my memory. C.encounter D.adventure V.七选五 By the end of the 15th century many things were changing in Europe.The population started to grow more quickly and a new class of merchants came up.They wanted to buy and sell expensive and valuable products from Asia,like gold,jewels and silk.In those days,people had no refrigerators to preserve their food.1 To make food taste better they used spices,like pepper. 2 But in the 15th century the overland passageways were being controlled by the Turkish Empire,which made it even more difficult for European merchants to pass through.As a result,some European countries,like Spain and Portugal,decided to find out if there was a sea passageway to India. At the end of the 15th century the Portuguese started to explore the west coast of Africa.3 In 1487,the Portuguese explorer Bartolomeu Dias sailed around the southern part of the continent and got as far as the east coast of Africa,but a storm made him turn back.4 The Portuguese named it the Cape of Good Hope because they were hopeful of finding a passageway to India.In 1497,Vasco da Gama set out from Lisbon,sailed around the Cape of Good Hope and into the Indian Ocean.5 He took some spices and gold back with him to prove that he had reached India. A.He reached the west coast of India the next year. B.They dried meat and used salt to make it last longer. C.They set up trading posts and collected gold and silver. D.On his return voyage,he saw a piece of land stretching out into the sea. E.For centuries Europeans brought these goods on a land passageway from Asia. F.They were convinced that by sailing around it they would find a passageway to India. G.With the help of advanced ships and instruments,they started the Age of Exploration. 2 3 Ⅵ.应用文写作 (2025·江门高二检测) 参考词汇：生态系统ecosystem 你班最近举行了一次主题为“海洋探索”的 注意： 班会。请根据下表内容给学校英语报写一篇报 写作词数应为80个左右。 道，介绍讨论情况并发表你的观点。 1.帮助我们更好地了解海洋生态 赞同理由 系统； 2.找到新资源。 1.已造成海洋污染； 反对理由 2.过度探索将带来持续的不良 后果。 你的观点 156练案[11] I.1.on 2.possession 3.under 4.political 5.professional 6.mixture 7.applause 8.migrations II.1.so that it could get through the traffic 2.As this ancient culture 3.making it easier for people to travel 4.To learn Chinese well 5.When I looked around Ⅲ.语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。介绍了海洋对于人类的 重要意义及海洋面临的问题，并呼吁人们为海洋的发展做出更 大的努力。 1.B推理判断题。根据第一段可知，地球上的生命依赖海洋。 它几乎覆盖了地球的四分之三，拥有地球上约97%的水。生 活在海洋表面的浮游植物产生了大气中一半的氧气。海洋是 食物和其他资源的重要来源，也是许多社区的经济引擎。故 可推断，作者强调了海洋对人类的生存至关重要。 2.C细节理解题。根据第二段“‘The ocean was considered as a dumping ground for so long,'says Caitlyn Toropova of the International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN).There was a sense that there was no way we could harm it because it is so vast..”可知，人们认为海洋是垃圾场，是因为他们觉得海洋 太大了，人们的活动影响不了海洋。 3.D词义猜测题。根据第三段画线词所在句“But human activities are having a negative impact on many of the world's oceans,jeopardizing marine life,habitats,and ecosystems." 知，人类活动正在对世界上许多海洋产生负面影响。结合 "Climate change is also having a big effect by causing warming seas and ocean acidification.”可知，气候变化也对海洋变暖和 海洋酸化造成了巨大影响。故可推知，人类的行为伤害了海 洋生物等。所以画线词jeopardizing为“危害，伤害”之意。 4.A推理判断题。根据最后一段Toropov阳所说的话可推知，她 觉得目前我们所做的是远远不够的，我们仍需做出更多的 努力。 Ⅳ.语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者乘坐的 一艘邮轮在海上突遇暴风雨，邮轮被损坏开始下沉，作者和其他 乘客最终乘坐救生船而获救的一段可怕的经历。 1.B根据句中并列动词“d山rank”可推知，邮轮上的乘客应该是 在甲板上又吃又喝。feed喂养：feast饱餐，尽情享用；entertain 招待，请客；treat对待，款待。 2.B根据下文中的“I could hear the hypnotic(催眠的)_3_of the waves'”可推知，作者能够听到海浪催眠般的声音，说明很 安静，人们应该都已经酣然人睡。highly高度地，非常；soundly 酣然地，香甜地；lately近来，最近；solid山y坚固地，坚硬地。 3.A根据句中“hypnotic(催眠的)”可推知，此时海浪的声音应 该是很轻柔的、催眠般的低语。murmur低语；shout喊叫声，呼 喊；breath呼吸；weep哭泣o -20 4.B根据第一段最后一句中的“Everyone was2 asleep ow”可推知，大家都睡着了，所以作者应该也很困了，脑袋也 变得沉重了。faint微弱的：heay沉重的：clear清晰的：thick 厚的，浓的。 5.D根据空前的“rain”及句意可推知，是雨滴落在了作者的脸 上。stom暴风雨；spot斑点，污点；dot小圆点，点；drop水 滴，滴。 6.A根据上句“The wind was blowing stronger and the waves got higher..”可推知，原本平静的海面起了风浪，开始变得波涛汹 涌了。ough汹涌的，风浪大的，粗糙的；tough艰难的，严厉 的；sharp尖锐的，锋利的；deep深的。 7.C根据上文的“The calm sea had turned6.”可推知，作者 很难站起来，也无法保持平衡，船应该是剧烈地晃动。gently 轻柔地，和缓地；abruptly突然地；violently猛烈地，粗暴地 swiftly迅速地，敏捷地。 8.D根据上句“I struggled to stand up but lost my balance and fell as the ship was rocking7.”可推知，船在剧烈晃动，人很难 保持平衡，所以在倾斜并且湿滑的船上应该是从一边滑到 一边。pace踱步；sweep打扫，席卷；roll翻滚，滚动；slide滑 行，滑动。 9.B根据下句“We breathed in 10.”及句意可推知，人们在 与暴风雨长时间搏斗后轻松呼吸，应该是暴风雨逐渐平息了。 tum down调小声音，拒绝；die down逐渐平息；die off相继死 去；tum away避开，不准…入内。 I0.A根据上句“it appeared to9”可推知，暴风雨逐渐平息 了下来，所以人们都松了一口气。relief宽慰，轻松； satisfaction满意，满足；delight高兴；anticipation预期，预料。 in relief松了口气。 11.B根据上文可推知，船受到了损坏，就要下沉了，结合句中 的“stared blankly”可推知，作者此时心里非常无助，茫然不知 所措，也不知道该说什么。in confusion混乱，乱七八糟；ata loss茫然，不知所措；at ease舒适，自由自在；in chaos混乱。 12.A根据“Hurry,John!”,并结合当时就要沉船的场景可推 知，时间非常紧迫，必须尽快逃离邮轮，说明没有可以失去或 是耽搁的时间了。lose失去，浪费；save拯救，节省；throw扔， 投掷；leave离开，留下。 l3.C根据句中的“as I was totally absorbed in the worries in my brain”可推知，作者当时完全陷人了担忧的思绪中，所以一听 到有人叫自己的名字，就会条件反射般被吓一跳。pleased 高兴的，满意的；confused迷惑的；startled受惊吓的；amazed 惊奇的，惊讶的。 14.A根据本段中的“The ship is sinking!”可推知，船正在下 沉，乘客们需要尽快逃离邮轮，所以都在登上救生艇逃生。 board登上（火车、轮船或飞机）；push推动，敦促；squeeze挤 压，压榨：dive驾驶，驱使。 15.C根据句中的“terrifying”及全文内容可推知，对于作者来 说，这段经历是一次可怕的、意想不到的遭遇。event事件， 大事；challenge挑战；encounter遭遇，邂逅；adventure冒险，奇 遇。 5 V.语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了欧洲人 为了开辟到亚洲的海上通道而进行的海上航行。 1.B空格前一句谈到在过去，人们没有冰箱储存食物，因此，本 句承接上一句的内容，为了让食物（肉）保存久一点，人们就 将肉风干或用盐将肉腌制起来。 2.E第一段谈到欧洲人需要商品如黄金、珠宝、丝绸以及香料， 商人就从亚洲通过陆路运到欧洲；空格后一句用But转折，谈 到陆路逐渐被土耳其帝国控制，导致走陆路非常困难了。因 此，本句要起承上启下的作用，E项符合语境。 3.F本段第一句谈到在15世纪末，葡萄牙人开始探索非洲西 海岸。设空处解释他们为什么要探索这条海上航线，因为他 们相信通过这条线，他们能够找到到达印度的海上通道。 4.D空格前一句谈到Bartolomeu Dias已经航行到了非洲东海 岸，但是他遇到了海上风暴，本句承接上文，在他回航的时候， 他看见了一块突出在海上的陆地。D项中的“return'”与空格 前一句中的“made him tum back”相呼应。 5.A空格前一句谈到在1497年，航海家Vasco da Gama绕过好 望角到达了印度洋，只有A项能承接这个句子的意义。A项 中的“the next year'”与空格前一句中的“n1497”存在先后 关系。 VI.One possible version: Recently,we have had a class meeting on sea exploration. Students have divided opinions about it. Firstly,some think it important to explore the sea because we can have a better understanding of the marine ecosystem. Secondly,they believe sea exploration makes it possible to find new resources.However,others view that it has caused serious pollution.Last but not least,they believe the over-exploration of the sea will lead to increasingly bad results. In my opinion,it's necessary to carry on sea exploration and we must keep a balance between sea exploration and sea conservation. 练案[12] I.语篇导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。报道了RRS Sir David Attenborough号极地科考船在南极的任务，即探索海冰如何影响 全球海洋中营养物质和碳的循环，以及研究人员使用自主水下 航行器进行探索的情况。 1.B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“..currently on an Antarctic task to find out how sea ice influences the cycle of nutrients and carbon in the world's oceans..”可知，极地科考船 RRS Sir David Attenborough号在南极执行任务是为了研究海 冰如何影响世界海洋中营养物质和碳的循环。 2.C推理判断题。根据第三段“这艘船从A23a巨型冰山（一 个科学术语)周围采集了样本。现存最大的冰山面积近4,000 平方千米，大约相当于大伦敦的两倍，重达近一万亿公吨，高 出海面1,312英尺”内容可推知，本次探险科学家们最关心的 是剩下的冰山还有多大。 2 3.A段落大意题。根据第五段中“At COP28,billions and billions were promised to fund global...More than 130 countries agreed to deal with emissions in agriculture,with 118 promising to triple renewables too.”可推知，第五段讲述的是各个国家都承 诺为全球气候解决方案提供资金，也就是全世界人民都愿意 共同努力以解决气候危机。 4.A推理判断题。根据第五段中“Of course,one iceberg floating into warmer waters and melting is just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to the climate crisis.”以及第六段“But more needs to be done.Forget the A23a iceberg being a threat to shipping.lt's a sign we may be all sunk.”可知，作者认为威胁人 类的危机还有很多，冰山消融只是其中一个而已。故推知， “不雨则已，雨则倾盆”能说明作者的态度。 Ⅱ. 语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了环球旅行的 历史以及著名人物费迪南德·麦哲伦。 1.since考查连词。空处为句型“It has been+一段时间+ since”,表示“自从…以来多久了”。 2.was started考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。空处为本句 谓语，与主语构成被动关系，根据空后的“but he never saw it finished”可知，此处为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为 joumey,谓语用单数。 3.to take考查非谓语动词。encourage sb.to do sth.表示“鼓励 某人做某事”。 4.completely考查副词。空处修饰动词show,作状语，应用副 词形式。 5.where/and考查定语从句或连问。空处可理解为非限制性 定语从句修饰先行词Spain,在从句中作地点状语，用where引 导；也可理解为前后文为并列关系，用连词and。 6.being led考查非谓语动词。短语feel like doing sth.,表示 “喜欢做某事”，空处动词lead用动词-ing形式作宾语，与主语 sailors构成被动关系，故用being done形式。 7.death考查名词。空处被名词所有格Magellan's修饰，作介词 After的宾语，应用名词形式death,为不可数名词. 8.mapped考查时态。根据上文“traveled across a new ocean and”可推知，空处为一般过去时。 9.wose考查比较级。or连接前后相同的成分或结构，根据 better可知，空处也用比较级形式。 10.a考查冠词。空后名词spacecraft为单数，且是发音以辅音 音素开头的单词，故填冠词a。 IlI.One possible version: However,what we saw shocked us.Plastic bags and single- use containers littered the beaches,and we could hardly see any undersea creature in the once crystal-clear sea.To make matters worse,the water was dark and difficult to see through.Because of the unpleasant smell,we had to cover our noses.With tears blurring our vision,we desperately wondered what had happened to our beloved village.Looking at our anxious faces,Grandfather 6