UNIT 1 Section II Discovering Useful Structures-【成才之路·练案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步新课程学习指导(人教版)

练案[2] UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION Section II Discovering Useful Structures I.单句语法填空 3.听到不会获得博士学位，他沮丧到了极点。 1.The shop owner told me that the girl He was extremely disappointed to hear that he take)to the hospital because of her serious illness. 4.据说他已经被清华大学录取了。 2.The poems,whose topics can be sports,diet and He is said school life must write in Tsinghua University. English. 5.每个男孩和女孩都希望参加周日举行的聚会。 3.From the activity,I learn that at present the Every boy and every girl environment destroy because on Sunday of people's harmful activities. 6.请注意！明天上午八点在办公室召开会议。 4.I talked with him and knew that his roof 望大家准时参加。 (break)in the storm. Attention,please!A meeting 5.Citizens of higher social classes at 8:00 a.m.tomorrow.Everyone (permit)to live closer to the center of the circles. on time 6.Travelling to conferences,lectures,workshops, Ⅲ.阅读理解 and the like-frequently by plane- (2025·温州高二检测)】 In 1921,Karel Capek's play R.U.R.: (view)as important for scientists to get Rossum's Universal Robots had its first public together and exchange information 7.This ability performance in Prague,and was translated into recognize)that a English the following year.He needed a name for shape will need turn)in a the humanoid workers of the story,and was specific direction before it will fit is called an thinking of coining something based on the word “allocentric frame of reference”. "labour".But his brother Josef suggested an old 8.A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists Czech word for "forced labour",robota.And the who (trap)in the mountains for word“robot'was born. two days. If the Capeks had known English,they might 9.Where is the passage most likely have chosen one of the words with relevant senses (take)from? that were already in the language."Automaton" 10.They are easy care)for and had been available since the 17th century and make great presents. "android"since the 18th.But the clear sound of Ⅱ.完成句子 "robot"seemed to capture the public imagination, 1.那个村民会告诉你要走的秘密道路。 because within five years it was being used not only The villager will for intelligent artificial beings but for any machine 2.伦敦养老院的老年居民正被安排照顾母鸡，以 capable of carrying out a complex set of 防止他们感到孤独。 movements. The elderly residents in care homes in London In science fictions,the word took on new life. are with writers such as Isaac Asimov writing well- to stop them feeling lonely. regarded novels in which robots played a central 128 role.It was these writers who first shortened1.What does the underlined word "coining"in “robot”to“bot”,but none of them could have Paragraph 1 mean? expected the explosion of usages which arrived in A.Delivering. B.Predicting. the 1990s,as the shortened word came to be C.Inventing. D.Recommending. adopted in computing.Today,a bot is any piece of2.How did the word "robot"develop in the 1990s? software that runs an automated task,such as inA.It was no longer linked with machines searching the Internet or playing computer games.It B.It was gradually replaced by "android" has also become a suffix(),with the function C.It was shortened and used in computing. of the"bot"explained in the other part of the word, D.It was only adopted in well-regarded novels. as in searchbot,infobot,spybot and warbot. 3.What is the last paragraph mainly about? As early as 1923,George Berard Shaw hadA.The usage of"robot"in different situations. applied the word“robot”to people who act B.The impact of“obot”on people's behaviour. automatically,without thinking or emotion,usually C.The popularity of "robot"among movie stars. because of the repetitive work they have to do.Now D.The connection of "robot"with public anyone having automaton-like behaviour risks figures. attracting the label.A movie star called Samantha 4.Where is the text probably taken from? who has taken on the same type of character too A.A writer's biography. many times might have her roles described as B.A science fiction. “Samanthabots”.And in2009,“Obamabots” C.A technology newspaper. arrived-people who support Barack Obama without D.A language encyclopedia really knowing anything about him. V.七选五 (2025·广东高二检测) Reading books is one of the best ways to broaden your horizons,develop your new interests,and grow your minds.Reading a book at any time of day gives you a brain boost and a positive feeling.1. Here are some benefits of reading yourself a goodnight story. It's a great way to reduce stress Stress builds up over the course of a day and makes you hard to relax and fall asleep.2.Not only is it a distraction to calm a racing mind,but it helps you obtain the maximum relaxing benefits of your bedtime book. 3 An interesting and eye-opening non-fiction can fill your brain with knowledge right before sleeping. Even a work of fiction or a fantasy book gives your brain a workout.Actually,a fiction book is great for broadening your perspective and boosting your creativity and imagination. You'll sleep longer and better The bedtime story may have helped you fall asleep because it is part of a consistent bedtime routine. Not only can reading a book make you sleep,but it can help you sleep longer and better.According to a study,496 participants read before bed,and 496 did not.4. You don't need to actually read 5·Audiobooks(有声读物)are a great alternative.And audiobooks can also help anyone reduce stress and get ready for bed.When it comes to reading alternatives,however,it's probably best to get rid —129 of the e-reader in the hour before you fall asleep.Electronic screens can interfere with()sleep patterns and make it hard to fall asleep. A.It grows your knowledge B.It helps find what you love to read C.A book is a great way to relieve it D.You are tired of reading books at times E.After a week,nearly half of the readers reported sleeping better F.These can help you prepare your minds and bodies for sleep too G.But scheduling your page-turning time just before sleeping can help you sleep better 1. 2 3 5. V.完形填空 (2025·南阳高二检测) 1.A.unbelievable B.unlucky Women in a traditional family,whether work or C.unknown D.uncommon 2.A.bored not,aren't very fortunate because they must do the B.familiar C.content D.popular housework.Why is that 1 Because you can never 3.A.cuisines B.lifestyles cook something that everyone in the family will be 2 C.customs D.roles with.Everyone has their likes and dislikes when it comes 4.A.think about B.leave out to 3.You have to 4 what to cook,but you will C.pay for D.adapt to never be able to satisfy everyone. 5.A.pressure B.attention This task of cooking caused my 5 to drop so C.expectation D.confidence 6.A.cooking B.drawing much that most of the time I thought I would never be C.writing D.exercising able to do anything well enough.I was always sure I7.A.new B.general couldn't do my favourite thing,6,with this fear. C.ambitious D.nervous That was until I read the words of a famous writer, 8.A.pleasing B.persuading "Forget your 7 audience."What he taught me is C.guiding D.following 9.A.submitted B.received that instead of 8 all the audience,it's enough to C.offered D.confirmed satisfy just one person.Maybe his advice has more or 10.A.usual B.challenging different content than I 9,but it's completely C.suitable D.predictable 10 for me. 11.A.imagines B.deserves C.remembers If I were to cook only for one person,I could cook D.appreciates 12.A.opinions B.instructions something she or he 11,and I would get 12 on C.promises D.praises my cooking at least once.The same is 13 for 13.A.strange B.true writing.I wrote a short story for my sister,a 14 C.worthwhile D.unusual audience that doesn't scare me and gives me enough 14.A.special B.noble C.creative D.funny motivation to write.Most 15,it made me do what I 15.A.surprisingly B.hopefully love,which is writing. C.importantly D.puzzlingly 130l0.improving考查非谓语动词。new approaches to表示“新 的…途径”。此处to是介词，空处需填动名词作介词宾语。 练案[2] I.1.had been taken 2.be written 3.is being destroyed 4.had been broken 5.were permitted 6.has been viewed/is viewed 7.to recognize to be turned 8.had been trapped 9.to have been taken 10.to care II.1.show you the secret path to take 2.being given hens to look after 3.would not be given a doctor's degree 4.to have been admitted to 5.wishes to attend the party to be held 6.will be held in the office is expected to attend Ⅲ.语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“obot”这个 词诞生的过程以及在不同情况下的使用。 l.C词义猜测题。根据画线词句中的“He needed a name for the humanoid workers of the story.."以及下句“But his brother Josef suggested an old Czech word for forced labour',robota. And the word‘robot'was born.”可知，Karel Capek's正在考虑 以“劳动”这个词为基础创造一个名字。故可推知，画线词 coining为“创造，发明”的意思，与C选项Inventing“发明”意 思一致。 2.C细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“It was these writers who first shortened robot'to 'bot',but none of them could have expected the explosion of usages which arrived in the 1990s,as the shortened word came to be adopted in computing.”可知， “robot'”这个词在20世纪90年代被缩短并用于计算机领域。 3.A段落大意题。根据最后一段“As early as1923,George Bemard Shaw had applied the word robot'to people who act automatically...And in 2009,Obamabots'arrived-people who support Barack Obama without really knowing anything about him.”可知，最后一段主要讲了“robot'”在不同情况下的使用。 4.D推理判断题。根据文章内容以及第一段的“He needed a name for the humanoid workers of the story,and was thinking of coining something based on the word labour'.But his brother Josef suggested an old Czech word for forced labour',robota. And the word‘robot'was born.”可知，文章主要讲的是 “robot'”这个词的来源以及在不同情况下的使用。故可推知， 这篇文章可能来自一本语言百科全书。 Ⅳ.语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了睡前阅 读的一些好处。 1.G根据上下文可知，下文提到了阅读晚安故事，所以空处 与上文构成转折关系，指出阅读有助于睡眠，与下句构成顺 承关系。故G选项“但是在睡觉前安排好翻页时间可以帮助 你睡得更好”符合逻辑。 19 2.C根据上文“Stress builds up over the course of a day and makes you hard to relax and fall asleep.”可知，压力导致难以放 松和入睡，故推知，空处承接上文内容，给出解决办法。故C 选项“书是一种很好的缓解方法”符合语境。 3.A空处为小标题句。根据本段内容可知，本段提到了小说 对拓宽你的视野、提高你的创造力和想象力都很有帮助。故 A选项“它能增长你的知识”概括了本段的主要内容。 4.E根据上文“According to a study,496 participants read before bed,and496 did not..”可知，上文提到了一项关于阅读的研 究，空处为本段最后一句，应说明研究的结果。故E选项 “一周后，近一半的读者报告睡眠更好了”符合语境。 5.D根据本段小标题“You don't need to actually read”以及 后文“Audiobooks(有声读物)are a great alternative.And audiobooks can also help anyone reduce stress and get ready for bed.”可知，标题提到不用真正地阅读，后文给出了有声读物 的选择，所以D选项“你有时厌倦了读书”符合语境。 V. 语篇导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者给家人做饭总 是众口难调，后来读到一位著名作家的话，这让作者认识到， 与其取悦所有的观众，还不如取悦一个人，从而也让作者做了 自己喜欢的事情，那就是写作。 l.B根据上文“Women in a traditional family,whether work or not,aren't very fortunate because they must do the housework. 可推知，空处问句指为什么是不幸的。unbelievable难以置信 的；unlucky运气不好的；unknown未知的：uncommon不常 见的。 2.C根据下文“Everyone has their likes and dislikes when it comes to 3 You have to 4 what to cook,but you will never be able to satisfy everyone..”可推知，你永远不可能做出 让家里所有人都满意的菜。bored无聊的；familiar熟悉的； content满意的；popular受欢迎的。 3.A根据下文“You have to4 what to cook,but you will never be able to satisfy everyone.”可推知，空处指饭菜。 cuisines饭菜；lifestyles生活方式；customs习俗；oles角色。 4.A根据上文“Everyone has their likes and dislikes when it comes to3_.”可推知，每个人都有自己的好恶，所以做饭 时，你必须考虑做什么。think about思考；leave out遗漏；pay for支付；adapt to适应。 5.D根据下文“I thought I would never be able to do anything well enough”可推知，这项烹饪任务使作者的信心大大下降。 pressure压力；attention注意；expectation期望；confidence信心o 6.C根据最后一段最后一句“Most 15,it made me do what Ilove,which is writing..”可推知，作者最喜欢的事情是写作。 cooking烹饪；drawing画画；writing写作；exercising锻炼。 7.B根据下文“What he taught me is that instead of8 all the audience,it's enough to satisfy just one person..”可推知，此处 指你的普通观众。new新的；general普通的；ambitious雄心勃 勃的；nervous紧张的。 4 8.A根据下文“it's enough to satisfy just one person'”可推知，与 其取悦所有的观众，还不如取悦一个人。pleasing使开心； persuading说服；guiding引导；following遵从o 9.B根据上文“What he taught me is that instead of8 all the audience,it's enough to satisfy just one person..”可推知，他的 建议比作者收到的内容更多或不同。submitted提交；received 收到；offered提供；confimed确认。 l0.C根据下文“The same is 1.3_for writing.I wrote a short story for my sister,a 14 audience that doesn't scare me and gives me enough motivation to write.”可推知，他的建议很适 合作者。usual通常的；challenging具有挑战性的；suitable合 适的；predictable可预测的。 1l.D根据上文“If I were to cook only for one person'”及常识可 推知，只为一个人做饭，就可以做一些她或他喜欢的东西。 imagines想象；deserves应得；remembers记得；appreciates 欣赏。 l2.D根据上文“If I were to cook only for one person,I could cook something she or he_11_,”及常识可推知，做一些她 或他喜欢的东西，肯定会得到表扬。opinions意见； instructions说明书；promises承诺；praises表扬。 13.B根据上下文的内容可推知，写作如同做饭，也是如此 strange奇怪的；tue真实的；worthwhile值得的；unusual不寻 常的。 l4.A根据下文“..that doesn't scare me and gives me enough motivation to write”可推知，作者妹妹是一个特别的读者。 special特别的；noble高尚的；creative创造性的；fnny有 趣的。 15.C根据语境可推知，通过这件事情让作者做了自己喜欢的 事情，那就是写作，所以这是最重要的。surprisingly出乎意 料地；hopefully有希望地；importantly重要的是；puzzlingly令 人困惑地。 练案[3] I.1.to appreciate 2.with 3.warmth 4.away 5.was being punished 6.explosion 7.to 8.that 9.over 10.had happened II.1.It was not until he went to America as an exchange student that 2.turned out to be a beautiful memory 3.analyze the pros and cons of the choice 4.as if you really came to China Ⅲ.语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自动送 货机器人的发展过程及前景。 1.A细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，这些自动机器是去 年星际飞船技术公司试点项目的一部分。 19 2.B词义猜测题。根据画线句前句可知，之前的这个计划只是 试点项目。但是这一周，为了扩大送货范围，这个计划被公 布了。 3.D段落大意题。根据最后一段第一句以及最后一句可知，机 器人地面运送存在障碍，许多州要求由人类控制运送机器人， 但尽管如此，他们的机器人已经在20个国家的100多个城市 行驶了超过12.5万英里。所以本段主要讲了尽管这项服务 存在挑战但也是在向前发展。 4.D标题归纳题。根据文章第一段中的“Want to get your package delivered via robots?”以及所提及的“在华盛顿特区或 红杉区(Redwood),你可能会瞥见一个四四方方的小机器人 在当地的人行道上滚动，运送包裹”可知，文章就是围绕机器 人送包裹所展开的。后文又补充，机器人送包裹这项服务已 经被公布且具体实施。 V.语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述阿雅安和 米奇在装饰圣诞树时，打破一个玻璃饰品从而发明了新的产品， 得到社会的积极反响。 1.A阿雅安和米奇喜欢他们家的圣诞节传统，比如制作饼干和 包装礼物。tradition传统；custom习俗；habit习惯；style风格。 2.B但最重要的是，他们喜欢装饰圣诞树。operate操作； decorate装饰；insert插人；polish擦亮。 3.C根据上文一个玻璃饰品从树枝上掉下来，由此推测“打破 了”符合语境。steam冒热气：fly飞；break打破：fade褪色。 4.A句意：就在那时，灯灭了，Omament Anchor诞生了。bear 诞生；expand扩大；measure测量；fetch取。 5.D根据上文，父母和老师们都聚集在他的摊位旁，可知应该 是感兴趣。mercy怜悯；intention意图；identity身份；interest 兴趣。 6.D这对兄弟没有浪费任何时间就把他们的发明变成了生意。 harvest收获；chance机会；fitness键康；business生意。 7.B根据下文申请专利、计算利润，并做市场分析，可知他们是 要设计自己的产品。present礼物；product产品；pipe管子； procedure程序。 8.C根据语境可知，他们下定决心要与全世界分享他们的产 品。instruct指导；allow允许；determine决定；remind提醒。 9.A在几个月的时间里，《早安美国》推荐了这款产品。feature 特写，推荐；fuel刺激；revise修改；export出口。 10.D仅仅一年，阿雅安和米奇就赚了超过25万美元。n general总体上；in turn依次，轮流；in brief简言之；in total 总共。 11.B他们把10%的利润捐赠给当地的动物收容所。 adolescent少年；animal动物；viewer观看者；crowd群众。 12.A他们的目标是帮助尽可能多的需要帮助的动物。in need 需要帮助；on average平均；under way在进行中；for sale 待售。 5