UNIT 1 Section I Listening and Speaking-【成才之路·练案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步新课程学习指导(人教版)

练案[1] UNIT 1 SCIE Section I Listening and Sp I.单句语法填空 1.With our knowledge (base)on practice,we can make great contributions to our society. 2.Some famous science fiction writers are more predictors novelists. 3.They declared building a new bridge due to their tight budget. 4.People who choose to rent their homes buy those services a monthly basis. 5.A lawyer was appointed represent the child. 6.Such be)my understanding about growing up. 7.More than one volunteer (be) needed to help those in need here. 8.I'd love to go there with you,but I have an appointment my lawyer. 9.It took the jury some time to reach the conclusion that she was （guilt). 10.Benefit is calculated on the basis of average week)earnings. Ⅱ.补全句子 1.这里有我的关于如何为之准备的建议。 on how to prepare for it.(全部倒装) 2.他穿着白色制服，看起来更像厨师而不是 医生。 Wearing a white uniform,he looks (more...than) 3.在这所新学校工作使杰克逊有机会检验一些 最新的教育理念。 Working in this new school gave Jackson a chance to in education.(test out) 4.我强烈建议你多读中国历史方面的书籍。 I strongly suggest that you .（虚拟语气) 5.随着年龄的增长，陈的天赋变得越来越明显。 Chen's talent became increasingly evident.(as引导时间状语 从句) 12 NCE FICTION eaking,Reading and Thinking Ⅲ.阅读理解 A (2025·运城高二检测) Ricky lived in a lovely,futuristic(未来派的) house,which had everything you could ever want. Though he didn't help much around the house, Ricky was still very pleased when his parents bought him the latest model of robot.As soon as it arrived,off it went,cooking,cleaning,ironing, and-most importantly-gathering up clothes from Ricky's bedroom floor.On that first day,when Ricky went to sleep,he had left his bedroom in a truly disastrous state.When he woke up the next morning,everything was perfectly clean and tidy. In fact,.it was actually“too”clean;now Ricky couldn't find his favorite T-shirt,nor his favorite toy.However much he searched,the two things did not reappear.The same was starting to happen with other things.Ricky began to suspect the robot.He planned to spy on the robot,and began following it around the house.Finally he caught it on the spot,picking up one of Ricky's toys to hide it. Ricky told his parents that the robot was broken and badly programmed and asked them to have it changed.But his parents told him absolutely not;they were delighted with the new robot,and it cooked like a dream. One day,the robot was whirring past,and heard the boy's complaints.The robot returned with one of the boy's toys,and some clothes for him. "Here,sir.I did not know it was bothering you,”said the robot. "How could it not,you thief!You've been stealing my belongings for weeks！”the boy answered angrily. "The objects were left on the floor.I therefore calculated that you did not like them.I am programmed to collect all that are not wanted,and at night I send them to people who can use them.I am a maximum efficiency machine.Were you unaware?"the robot said,with a certain pride. Ricky started feeling ashamed.He understood that the robot was neither broken nor misprogrammed. Rather,it had been programmed extremely well! 5 Since then,Ricky has decided to become a "Maximum Efficiency Boy",and put real care into how he treated his things.He kept them tidy,and made sure he didn't have more than what was necessary.And,often,he would buy things,and take them along with his good friend,the robot,to help out those other people who needed them. 1.What is the robot meant to do? A.Do the housework. B.Take care of children. C.Provide security services. D.Recycle used objects. 2.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 mean? A.The robot dreamed of being a cook. B.The robot was good at cooking. C.The robot could serve as a cooker. D.The robot found it unrealistic to cook 3.Why did Ricky get mad at the robot? A.He mistook it as a thief. B.He disliked the way it cleaned his room. C.He thought it was making too much noise. D.He felt less loved by his parents since its arrival. 4.Where does the text probably come from? A.A science report. B.A science fiction story. C.An entertainment magazine. D.A commercial advertisement. B (2025·聊城高二检测) Georgia Tech is developing a robot that could eventually be used to dress humans in hospitals and elderly homes.According to the university,more than 1 million Americans require daily physical assistance to get dressed because of injury,disease and advanced age. To address this problem researchers are developing a robot that can successfully slide hospital gowns(长袍)onto people's arms.The robot known as PR2 taught itself to complete the task in just a single day by analyzing over 11,000 simulated(模拟的)examples of a robot putting a gown onto a human arm. "People learn new skills using trial and error. We gave the PR2 the same opportunity,"said Zackory Erickson,the lead Georgia Tech Ph.D. student on the research team."Doing thousands of trials on a human would have been dangerous,let alone impossibly dull.But in just one day,using simulations,the robot learned what a person may physically feel while getting dressed. The examples also allowed the robot to predict the consequences of different motions(s动作).n some cases,moving the gown in one way led to the cloth being pulled tight.However,the robot can slide the gown on smoothly in other ways.The robot could use these predictions to select the right motions to comfortably and efficiently dress the patient.Once the robot did well in simulation,it turned to real patients. "The key is that the robot is always thinking ahead,"said Charlie Kemp,an associate professor at Georgia Tech."It asks itself,'If I pull the gown this way,will it cause more or less force on the person's arm?What would happen if I go that way instead?'The more robots can understand us,the more they'll be able to help us.By predicting the physical implications of their actions,robots can provide assistance that is safer,more comfortable and more effective.” Currently,the robot is able to just slide the sleeve of the gown onto the arm of a patient,and researchers say the final goal of fully dressing a human requires much more development and research. 5.Why does Georgia Tech try to develop such a robot? A.To update hospitals'medical equipment. B.To help elderly homes reduce labor costs. C.To encourage healthy Americans to enjoy life better. D.To meet the needs of people requiring physical assistance. 6.When learning to dress people by simulations, the robot can A.adjust its motions effectively B.avoid repeated trials and errors C.end up doing it better than humans D.complete the whole process at one time 7.What's Kemp's attitude towards the robot being developed? A.Objective. B.Negative. C.Doubtful. D.Favorable. 8.What can we know about the robot being developed by Georgia Tech? A.A million elderly Americans need it. B.It will be put into production recently. C.There is much room for improvement. D.Finishing the development costs huge sums 26 V.七选五 Rise of the Robots The word "robot"was created in 1920 by the Czech playwright Karel Capek,who imagined artificial,fully functional servants.For most of their history,however,robots have been silent,inelegant devices sitting out of sight in factories. Things are starting to change,however.Robots have benefited from rapid innovations in smartphones,which brought cameras,sensors and wireless communications.1 Robots are leaving industrial settings for everyday life and,will work in supermarkets,social care and much more. 2 Many industries are facing a shortage of labour nowadays when emergencies appear now and then.Robots are now indispensable,picking items off shelves and helping people pack a rising numbers of boxes.They are even beginning to deliver goods or food right to people's doors.3 And yet many people fear that robots will destroy jobs.4 The evidence suggests robots will be disruptive()but ultimately beneficial for labour markets.A Yale University study that looked at Japanese manufacturing between 1978 and 2017 found that an increase of one robot unit per 1,000 workers boosted a company's employment by 2.2%. For all that,the march of the robots will bring big changes to workplaces.5 The potential gains from the robot revolution are huge.In Capek's play,the robots go against their human masters and cause mass unemployment and worse.The beginnings of the world's real robots have not matched Capek's satire ()There is no need to concern about their future. A.They could not be coming at a better time. B.But that need not be the disaster many fear. C.In fact,concerns about mass unemployment are overblown. D.The use of advanced technologies lead to increases in hiring. E.Having more robots to boost productivity would be a good thing. F.Firms should recognize the value of retraining and lifelong learning. G.Recent advances in machine learning have equipped them to make wiser decisions. 2. 3 V.语法填空 (2025·广丰高二下检测) Traditionally,robots have been hard,made of metal and other rigid material.But a team of scientists at Harvard University in the US has managed to build an 1.(entire)soft robot-the "Octobot". 2. describe)in science journal Nature,the "Octobot"could pave the way for more intelligent robots that could be used in search,rescue and exploration than the traditional ones."The Octobot is a minimal system which may serve 3.a foundation for a new generation of completely soft,autonomous robots,"the study's authors wrote. Researchers 4. work)on building soft robots for decades.They've taken 5. (inspire)from nature,looking to animals from jellyfish to cockroaches,which are often made up of more flexible matter. However,creating a completely soft robot 6. remain)a challenge.Even if engineers build a silicone()body,7.is still a grand challenge to construct flexible versions of essential parts,such as a source of power. “8. soft robotics is still in its early stage,it holds a great promise for several applications, such as search-rescue operations and explorations,Barbara Mazzolai of Technology,Center for Micro- Bio Robotics,wrote in 9. comment."Soft robots might also open up new approaches to 10. (improve）wellness and quality of life.” —127—[练案 练案[1] I.1.based 2.than 3.against 4.on 5.to represent 6.is 7.is 8.with 9.guilty 10.weekly II.1.Here are my tips 2.more like a cook than a doctor 3.test out some of the latest ideas 4.should)read more books on Chinese history 5.As she/he grew older Ⅲ.语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。瑞奇家的机器人每天都 把家里收拾得非常干净整洁，以至于瑞奇经常找不到他的物 品。他认为是机器人偷了他的物品，后来机器人向瑞奇解释了 事情的原委，误会得以化解。 1.A细节理解题。根据第一段中“As soon as it arrived,off it went,cooking,cleaning,ironing,and-most importantly- gathering up clothes from Ricky's bedroom floor.”可知，这个机 器人的功能是做家务。 2.B句义猜测题。根据画线句上文可知，当瑞奇向父母抱怨 这个机器人，并要求换掉它的时候，父母拒绝了他的请求， 他们很喜欢这个机器人。故可推知，机器人的烹饪水平很 高，深得瑞奇父母的喜欢。所以画线句意为“机器人擅长烹 饪”。 3.A细节理解题。根据倒数第四段“‘How could it not,you thief!You've been stealing my belongings for weeks!'the boy answered angrily.”可知，瑞奇生机器人的气是因为他误以为 它是小偷。 4.B推理判断题。根据文中讲述的发生在机器人和小男孩之 间的故事可知，这个机器人勤劳能干，还能与人交流。故可 推知，这篇文章可能选自科幻小说。 语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了乔治亚理 工大学正在研发一款穿衣机器人，它可以帮助那些生活无法自 理的人穿衣服。 5.D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“According to the university...require daily physical assistance to get dressed because of injury,disease and advanced age.”及第二段中的“To address this problem..onto people's arms.”可知，研发穿衣机 器人的目的是帮助身体上需要照顾的人。 6.A推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The robot could use these predictions..comfortably and efficiently dress the patient.”可推 断，通过模拟试验，机器人可以有效调节穿衣动作。 7.D观，点态度题。通读第五段，尤其是最后一句，可知Kemp 对正在开发的机器人是非常支持的 8.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“the final goal of fully dressing a human requires much more development and research" 可知，目前这款穿衣机器人还需要做很多改进。 -19 部分] Ⅳ、语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“机器 人”这个词的来源以及后来“机器人”的崛起。 1.G空处上一句介绍科技创新带给机器人的进步和发展，而G 项“机器学习的最新进展使它们能够作出更明智的决定。”则 是这种发展的结果，Recent advances与上一句中的rapid innovations呼应。 2.A根据空处下句的“Many industries are facing a shortage of labour nowadays”可知，这是对A选项“它们来得正是时候。” 的解释。 3.E根据空前两句可知，机器人的广泛应用可以提高效率，而 E选项“拥有更多的机器人来提高生产率将是一件好事。”承 接上文，符合语境。 4.C空前一句提到很多人担心机器人将摧毁岗位，空后两句则 表明机器人实际对就业有促进作用，所以C选项“事实上，对 大规模失业的担忧被夸大了。”承上启下，符合语境。 5.B空处上句指出机器人的进步将为工作场所带来巨大变化， 下句则说到机器人变革的潜在收益是巨大的。所以B选项 “但机器人的发展不会成为许多人担心的灾难。”承上启下， 符合语境。 V.语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了用柔软 材料制作的机器人Octobot及其前景。 1.entirely考查副词。空处修饰形容词sof,作状语，表示“完全 地”，用副词形式。 2.Described考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词“could pave”,故空处用非谓语动词，空处动词describe与主句主语 the“Octobot'”之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，位于句 首，首字母大写。 3.as考查介词。serve as是固定搭配，意为“充当，用作， 起…作用”。 4.have been working/have worked考查时态、语态和主谓一致。 空处是句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语“for decades”可知，此 处用现在完成进行时或现在完成时。 5.inspiration考查名词。空处作动词take的宾语，表示“灵 感”，所以用不可数名词形式。 6.remains考查时态和主谓一致。空处是句子的谓语动词，由 上下文可知，此处用一般现在时，主语是动名词短语creating a completely soft robot,谓语动词用单数。 7.t考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处作形式主语，真正主 语是不定式to construct flexible versions of essential parts 8.Although/Though/While考查状语从句。分析句意可知，前 后句为转折关系，“8.soft robotics is still in its early stage” 应是让步状语从句，可由although/hough/while引导，表示“尽 管，虽然”。 9.a考查冠词。空处修饰名词comment泛指一个评论，故用不 定冠词。 03 l0.improving考查非谓语动词。new approaches to表示“新 的…途径”。此处to是介词，空处需填动名词作介词宾语。 练案[2] I.1.had been taken 2.be written 3.is being destroyed 4.had been broken 5.were permitted 6.has been viewed/is viewed 7.to recognize to be turned 8.had been trapped 9.to have been taken 10.to care II.1.show you the secret path to take 2.being given hens to look after 3.would not be given a doctor's degree 4.to have been admitted to 5.wishes to attend the party to be held 6.will be held in the office is expected to attend Ⅲ.语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“obot”这个 词诞生的过程以及在不同情况下的使用。 l.C词义猜测题。根据画线词句中的“He needed a name for the humanoid workers of the story.."以及下句“But his brother Josef suggested an old Czech word for forced labour',robota. And the word‘robot'was born.”可知，Karel Capek's正在考虑 以“劳动”这个词为基础创造一个名字。故可推知，画线词 coining为“创造，发明”的意思，与C选项Inventing“发明”意 思一致。 2.C细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“It was these writers who first shortened robot'to 'bot',but none of them could have expected the explosion of usages which arrived in the 1990s,as the shortened word came to be adopted in computing.”可知， “robot'”这个词在20世纪90年代被缩短并用于计算机领域。 3.A段落大意题。根据最后一段“As early as1923,George Bemard Shaw had applied the word robot'to people who act automatically...And in 2009,Obamabots'arrived-people who support Barack Obama without really knowing anything about him.”可知，最后一段主要讲了“robot'”在不同情况下的使用。 4.D推理判断题。根据文章内容以及第一段的“He needed a name for the humanoid workers of the story,and was thinking of coining something based on the word labour'.But his brother Josef suggested an old Czech word for forced labour',robota. And the word‘robot'was born.”可知，文章主要讲的是 “robot'”这个词的来源以及在不同情况下的使用。故可推知， 这篇文章可能来自一本语言百科全书。 Ⅳ.语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了睡前阅 读的一些好处。 1.G根据上下文可知，下文提到了阅读晚安故事，所以空处 与上文构成转折关系，指出阅读有助于睡眠，与下句构成顺 承关系。故G选项“但是在睡觉前安排好翻页时间可以帮助 你睡得更好”符合逻辑。 19 2.C根据上文“Stress builds up over the course of a day and makes you hard to relax and fall asleep.”可知，压力导致难以放 松和入睡，故推知，空处承接上文内容，给出解决办法。故C 选项“书是一种很好的缓解方法”符合语境。 3.A空处为小标题句。根据本段内容可知，本段提到了小说 对拓宽你的视野、提高你的创造力和想象力都很有帮助。故 A选项“它能增长你的知识”概括了本段的主要内容。 4.E根据上文“According to a study,496 participants read before bed,and496 did not..”可知，上文提到了一项关于阅读的研 究，空处为本段最后一句，应说明研究的结果。故E选项 “一周后，近一半的读者报告睡眠更好了”符合语境。 5.D根据本段小标题“You don't need to actually read”以及 后文“Audiobooks(有声读物)are a great alternative.And audiobooks can also help anyone reduce stress and get ready for bed.”可知，标题提到不用真正地阅读，后文给出了有声读物 的选择，所以D选项“你有时厌倦了读书”符合语境。 V. 语篇导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者给家人做饭总 是众口难调，后来读到一位著名作家的话，这让作者认识到， 与其取悦所有的观众，还不如取悦一个人，从而也让作者做了 自己喜欢的事情，那就是写作。 l.B根据上文“Women in a traditional family,whether work or not,aren't very fortunate because they must do the housework. 可推知，空处问句指为什么是不幸的。unbelievable难以置信 的；unlucky运气不好的；unknown未知的：uncommon不常 见的。 2.C根据下文“Everyone has their likes and dislikes when it comes to 3 You have to 4 what to cook,but you will never be able to satisfy everyone..”可推知，你永远不可能做出 让家里所有人都满意的菜。bored无聊的；familiar熟悉的； content满意的；popular受欢迎的。 3.A根据下文“You have to4 what to cook,but you will never be able to satisfy everyone.”可推知，空处指饭菜。 cuisines饭菜；lifestyles生活方式；customs习俗；oles角色。 4.A根据上文“Everyone has their likes and dislikes when it comes to3_.”可推知，每个人都有自己的好恶，所以做饭 时，你必须考虑做什么。think about思考；leave out遗漏；pay for支付；adapt to适应。 5.D根据下文“I thought I would never be able to do anything well enough”可推知，这项烹饪任务使作者的信心大大下降。 pressure压力；attention注意；expectation期望；confidence信心o 6.C根据最后一段最后一句“Most 15,it made me do what Ilove,which is writing..”可推知，作者最喜欢的事情是写作。 cooking烹饪；drawing画画；writing写作；exercising锻炼。 7.B根据下文“What he taught me is that instead of8 all the audience,it's enough to satisfy just one person..”可推知，此处 指你的普通观众。new新的；general普通的；ambitious雄心勃 勃的；nervous紧张的。 4