UNIT 1 Section II Discovering Useful Structures-【成才之路·学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步新课程学习指导(人教版)

009 1.What he said just now dismissed doubts from my Ⅲ.课文语法填空 mind. 根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 2.To the students'joy,the class was dismissed A robot named Tony was sent to Claire's house early today. (test)out.He looked like a real man, 3.He just laughed and dismissed my proposal as tall and handsome with smooth hair 2. a unrealistic deep voice.Not only did he look like a human,but 4.He was dismissed from his job for being he 3. behave)like a real man.He did unqualified. everything to comfort Claire.He prepared breakfast in the morning.He even tried to help Claire get (二)熟词生义 4. dress),which made Claire feel 写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思 （embarrass). 1.His son lied to him by design and he exploded When he heard that Claire was not with anger. 6 satisfy)with her house,he began to 2.The man moved forward,inching towards the improve it.When he learned that Claire was jealous of another lady,he helped to improve 7. exit. (she)makeup and make Gladys and her friends 3.The company has to suspend the space admire Claire by 8. (hold)a party at exploration project due to financial problems. home.Tony was only a robot,but he could do and think 9. (exact)like a real man.He even 4.He holds an appointment in the English fell in love with his hostess,Claire,near the end of the test.10. an excellent science fiction Department at present. it is! 5.The ancient castle is still there,but not in its 夯基提能作业 integrity 请同学们认真完成练案[1] Section Discovering Useful Structures ○语法概览 各种时态的被动语态 1.含情态动词的被动结构 2.使役动词和感官动词的被动语态 3.否定词not的位置 应注意的几个问题 4.带有复合宾语的谓语动词如何变为被动语态 5.带有双宾语的谓语动词如何变为被动语态 被动语态 6.短语动词如何变为被动语态 动词不定式的被动结构 1.一般式：to be done 2.完成式：to have been done l.当feel.look.smell.taste.sound等系动词后面接形容 难点突破 词/名词构成系表结构时 2.主动语态表被动意义 010 ●语法精讲 在清理水箱的过程中，玛雅一直在嬉戏地游 泳，但现在这只海豚突然停下来，游到水箱后 一、各种时态的被动语态 部的过滤盒所在的地方。 被动语态的基本结构 (2025·1月浙江卷)The man,who had been 被动语态的基本结构：“be+及物动词的过去 released after his identity was verified,was 分词”。 waiting outside. 时态 被动语态的构成 身份得到确认后获释的男人正在外面等待。 般现在时 am/is/are done (2023·全国乙卷)The UK's obsession with food is reflected through television scheduling. 般过去时 was/were done 英国人对食物的痴迷体现在电视节目安排上。 般将来时 shall/will be done )即学即用 现在进行时 am/is/are being done 单句语法填空 过去进行时 was/were being done (1)Yesterday she told me that it was the third time that she praise)by her teacher 过去将来时 should/would be done and classmates. 现在完成时 has/have been done (2)The preparations for the reopening of the sports 过去完成时 had been done center make)now. (3)More emphasis should put)on (2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Volunteering during teaching poetry reading skills to students. teenage years has been linked to some major (4)Many books provide)free of positive effects such as improved grades and charge by the school next term. increased self-confidence. 完成句子 青少年时期参与志愿活动与一些重要的积极 (5)当我到达会议室时，一场会议正在那里 影响有关，例如成绩的提高和自信心的增强。 举行。 (2024·浙江1月卷)But farmers in east-central A meeting (hold)there when I Alberta-downwind of the hail project flights- arrived at the conference room. worry that precious moisture is being stolen from (6)随着越来越多的孩子参加这项活动，很多家 their thirsty land by the cloud seeding. 庭问题已经得到了解决。 但在阿尔伯塔省中东部—冰雹项目飞行的 With more and more children taking part in this 下风处—农民担心人工降雨会从他们干渴 activity,many family problems 的土地上偷走宝贵的水分。 (2024·浙江1月卷)When Coach Pitt blew his 二、使用被动语态应注意的几个问题 whistle,Eva figured she would be left in the 1.“情态动词(may,might,can,could,should, dust. ought to,must等)+be+过去分词”构成被 当皮特教练吹响哨子时，伊娃认为她会被甩 动语态。 在后面。 (2024·浙江1月卷)Note to teachers: (2024·九省联考)During the tank sweeps, Children's Theatre has a study guide Maya had been swimming playfully,but now the demonstrating how math and science can be dolphin stopped suddenly and swam to the back taught through“Tom Sawyer'” part of the tank where the filter box was 老师们注意：儿童剧院有一份学习指南，展示 located. 了如何通过“汤姆·索亚”教授数学和科学。 01 2.使役动词和感官动词的被动语态 When I saw Usain Bolt running in 2012 London 在使役动词have,make,get以及感官动词 Olympics,.I was amazed.(谓语saw为主动语 see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等后面 态，running为宾语补足语) 有不定式作宾语补足语时，在主动结构中不 When Usain Bolt was seen running in 2012 定式的to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加 London Olympics,I was amazed.(谓语was seen 上too 为被动语态，running为主语补足语) The manager made saleswomen work until ten 当我看到尤塞恩·博尔特在2012年伦敦奥运 会上跑步时，我感到惊讶。 at night.(表示主动) 5.带双宾语的动词作谓语的主动句转换为被动 Saleswomen were made to work by the 句时，可将表物的直接宾语变为主语，用for manager until ten at night.(表示被动) 或o引出表示人的间接宾语，或将表示人的 经理让女销售工作直到晚上十点。 间接宾语变为主语。 3.否定词ot的位置：在第一个助动词或情态动 While I tend to buy a lot of books,they gave me 词之后。 these three as gifts,which might add to the And there are questions about the films made meaning I attach to them. outside the States,which sometimes are not -While I tend to buy a lot of books,these monitored as closely as productions filmed in three were given to me as gifts,which might the States add to the meaning I attach to them. 此外，在美国境外拍摄的电影也存在一些问 虽然我通常买很多书，但这三本书是作为礼物 题，这些电影有时不像在美国拍摄的电影那样 送给我的，这可能会增加我赋予它们的意义。 受到严密监控。 6.短语动词在主动结构中是不可分割的，在被动 4.主动句的谓语动词带有复合宾语时，应将宾语 结构中也是如此，不可去掉后面的介词或 变成被动句的主语，而将宾语补足语保留不 副词。 动，这时的宾语补足语变为主语补足语。 Native Americans had taken care of these The lady would get a call from a stranger every precious natural resources wisely..(主动语态) morning who eventually made her believe that he -These precious natural resources had been was her friend,and then she lent him about taken care of by native Americans wisely.（被 动语态，介词of不可省略) ￡31,000.（谓语made为主动语态，believe是 美洲原住民明智地保护了这些宝贵的自然 省略to的不定式作宾语补足语)》 资源。 The lady would get a call from a stranger every 三、动词不定式的被动形式及用法 morning by whom she eventually was made to 当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示 believe that he was her friend,and then she lent 的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要用被动形式。 him about￡31,000.（谓语was made为被动语 不定式的被动式可分为一般式和完成式。 态，不定式to believe为主语补足语，主动语态 1.一般式：to be done表示动词不定式的动作发 中省掉的o变被动语态时则不能省) 生在谓语动作之后或同时发生。 这位女士每天早上都会接到一个陌生人的电 (2025·1月浙江卷)He's supposed to be at the 话，这个陌生人最终让她相信他是她的朋友， airport now to pick up Mr Anderson,but he's 然后她借给了他大约31,000英镑。 nowhere to be found. 012 他现在应该在机场接安德森先生，但他现在哪 The book sells well. 里都找不到。 这本书卖得很好。 (2023·浙江1月卷)Though more and more (2)动词need,require,want及形容词worth后 people accept the concept of solar energy,few 加v.-ing的主动形式表被动意义。 like large solar panels to be installed near them. 虽然越来越多的人接受太阳能的概念，但很少 I could see things needed doing,but would not 有人喜欢在他们附近安装大型太阳能电池板。 do anything. 2.完成式：to have been done表示不定式的动作 我能看到需要做的事情，但我什么都不会 发生在谓语动作之前。 去做。 Those who had done the most boyhood activities 3.动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义的几种 were twice as likely to have warm relations with a 情况 wide variety of people,five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been (1)不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代词构 unemployed 成动宾关系，且句中出现了动作的逻辑主语 那些在童年时期从事劳动最多的人，与各种各 时，如果动作的执行者在主语或宾语中没有出 样的人建立友好关系的可能性是其他人的两 现，则用不定式的被动式。 倍，收入高的可能性是其他人的五倍，而失业 We still have many poor children to take 的风险比其他人低16倍。 care of. 四、难点突破 l.当feel,look,smel,taste,sound等系动词后 我们仍有许多贫困儿童要去照管。 面接形容词/名词构成系表结构时。 (2)在“主语+be+形容词+不定式”句型中， (2024·浙江1月卷)Feeling desperate,Eva 形容词后跟不定式作状语，而句子的主语又是 started using a mind trick on herself. 动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，常用不定式的主动 感到绝望，伊娃开始用意念欺骗自己。 形式表达被动含义。这样的形容词常见的有： Compared with the standard fee,which is $800, amusing,comfortable,dangerous,difficult,easy, the group participation discount sounds quite fit,hard,important,impossible,interesting,nice, attractive to me 与800美元的标准费用相比，团体参与折扣 pleasant,funny等。 听起来对我更有吸引力。 I like eating fried tomatoes with eggs,and I 2.主动语态表被动意义 thought it must be easy to cook. (1)有些动词如read,wite,clean,wash,iron, 我喜欢吃鸡蛋炒西红柿，我想它一定很容易 bum,draw,cook,keep,cut,open,sell等用作不 烹饪。 及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时，常和副词 well,easily,smoothly等连用，且通常用主动结 (3)某些动词如blame,let/rent(出租)等的不 构表示被动含义。 定式用在be后作表语时，用主动形式表被动 这些动词的主语一般是表物的词，且这些物往 意义。 往具有某种内在的特点，这些句子的时态多用 Was I to blame for all these embarrassments? 一般现在时或一般将来时。 所有这些尴尬都怪我吗？ 013 〉即学即用 (3)I want to buy this kind of cloth because I 单句语法填空 (tell)that it (wash) (1)The parking rules in public places well. observe)strictly,otherwise you would get a (4)The house,which I bought last year,needs ticket. (repair). (2)Usually at the beginning of school,the noise of 完成句子 desks being opened and closed (5)我的舍友都很容易相处。 (hear)in the street. My roommates 语法精练 I.单句语法填空 3.如果你接受我的申请，我将不遗余力地全身 1.How to spend the summer holidays 心投入（工作）来使你满意。 discuss)by us now. If 2.Entering the kitchen,I found that the pizza just I will spare no effort to devote myself to your transfer)into the oven. satisfaction. 3.Trees must not plant)in very 4.有人告诉我运动会可能会推迟。 dry earth. Someone has told me the sports meeting 4.How to solve that difficult technological problem not decide)by us yet. 5.大量的工作岗位将被提供给离校生。 5.The farmers make)to work by Plenty of jobs the him for a long time in the old days. school-leavers. 6.I'm sorry I didn't answer your phone call, 6.我们应该作出更大的努力来预防事故和伤害。 because a lecture deliver)by Greater efforts prevent my teacher at that time. accidents and injuries 7.An English song (sing)by the 7.在过去的五个月里，詹姆斯已经筹集了2,000 children next class before the party ends. 多美元。 8.It More than 2,000 dollars (say)that he is an awesome by James in the past five months actor. 8.这个星期学校图书馆在装修，所以我们不能 9.Sometimes celebration (hold)after 在那里借书或读书。 hunters had caught animals The school library this 10.It is important that students should develop an week,so we can't borrow books or do some awareness of how the Internet can reading there. (use)properly. 9.在这所学校几乎看不到学生被处罚的情况。 Ⅱ.完成句子 Almost no student in 1.专家们走进了正在开会的大厅。 this school. The experts went into the hall where 10.一些古代的符号仍然能够在今天的汉字中 看到。 2.当我到达剧院时，我发现票已经卖完了。 Some of the ancient symbols When I got to the theatre,I found in today's hanzi(Chinese characters) 夯基提能作业 请同学们认真完成练案[2]学案及练案部分 参芳答案 [学案部分] 2.(1)It is obvious that (2)It is hoped that UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION (3)It is an honor for me to share with you my opinions 3.(1)is (2)There stands an ancient tower Section I Listening and Speaking, (3)Lying on the bed was my deskmate Reading and Thinking (4)Out rushed a group of young men 随堂达标 自主预习 I.1.bonus 2.Integrity 3.salary 4.dignity 5.nails 词汇记忆 6.saleswoman 7.fiction 8.ridiculous 9.dismissed 1.fiction 2.ridiculous 3.salary 4.dismiss 5.fare 10.appointment 6.salesman Ⅱ.(-)1.C2.A3.D4.B 词汇认知 （二)1.i.(感情的)爆发2.i.谨慎移动3.t.暂停 1.指甲；趾甲：钉子（用钉子）钉牢；固定 4.n.职务5.n.完整 2.然而；但是；尽管3.谣言；传闻4.假设；假定 IlI.1.to be tested 2.and 3.behaved 4.dressed 5.克（重量单位）6.面粉：（谷物磨成的）粉 5.embarrassed 6.satisfied 7.her 8.holding 词汇拓展 9.exactly 10.What 1.appointment 2.guilty 3.suspense 4.declaration 5.weekly 6.calculation Section II Discovering Useful Structures 词块识记 语法精讲 1.test out 2.more like 3.or rather 4.turn around 5.after all 6.ona..basis7.面部表情8.作为恩惠9.惊奇地 (1)had been praised (2)are being made 10.从…摔下来11.拥抱某人12.超过；不仅仅；非常 (3)be put (4)will be provided (5)was being held (6)have been solved 课文预读 四、(1)should be observed(2)could be heard (1)robot (2)process (3)result 二、1.B2.D3.C4.B5.A (3)have been told washes (4)to be repaired/repairing (5)are easy to get along with 要点探究 语法精练 核心词汇 1.(1)for (2)to (3)out (4)on (5)stands the test of time I.1.is being discussed 2.had been transferred 2.(1)favourable 3.not be planted 4.hasn't been decided 5.were made (2)in my favour ask you for a favour in favour of me 6.was being delivered 7.will be sung 8.is said 3.(1)with (2)appointed (3)to take (4)Appointed as 9.would be held/was held 10.be used 4.(1)of (2)guilty (3)felt guilty about II.1.a meeting was being held 2.the tickets had been sold out 5.(1)t.解散(2)t.解雇(3)t.不予考虑 3.my application is accepted 4.can/may be put off 6.(1)suspension (2)suspended 5.will be given to 6.should be made to 7.has been collected 7.(1)on (2)for (3)the ceremony was declared open 8.is being decorated 9.is seen punished 10.can still be seen 8.(1)on/upon (2)(should)base grouping on/upon students'exam grades, Section IlI Listening and Talking, verbal performance or interests Reading for Writing (3)on a daily basis Based on/upon on a regular basis 9.(1)was a distinguished poet 自主预习 (2)distinguished himself as distinguish between right and词汇记忆 wrong/distinguish right from wrong 1.superior 2.labour 3.fetch 4.pace 5.niece 重点句型 词汇认知 L.(I)不仅仅是(2)seemed to be more determined than cowardly1.皮革皮衣；皮外套2.向后；倒着；往回3.紧握；抓紧 (3)I would be more than delighted There will be more than ten4.灯；台灯5.（使）快速翻转；（用手指）轻抛6.夸大；夸张 friends The party is more than for fun :7.外星人（生物）；外国人陌生的；外星的；外国的 —181