UNIT 3 Section II Discovering Useful Structures-【成才之路·学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步新课程学习指导(人教版)

词块识记 1.carbon dioxide 2.along with 3.have an impact on 4.提到：涉及5.导致6.全世界7.…的数量 课文预读 一、DBAC 二、1.D2.A3.D4.B5.D 要点探究 核心词汇 1.(1)starvation (2)of/for (3)to (4)I am starving to study English well (5)have been starving for such a precious opportunity 2.(1)releasing (2)from (3)of (4)to be released/on release 3.(1)sustainability (2)sustainable (3)sustained (4)sustain a healthy lifestyle (5)sustained losses of 4.(1)trends (2)towards (3)follows the latest trend in fashion 5.(1)restrictions (2)restrictive (3)drinking (4)restricted (5)restrict the time of playing computer games to 30 minutes with strict restrictions 6.(1)from (2)on/upon (3)up (4)would like to seize the opportunity to enjoy (5)she seized him by the collar 重点句型 1.(1)whether (2)whether/if (3)There is no/little doubt that We don't doubt that (4)whether/if he is qualified for the position 2.(1)Without/But for your constant support (2)otherwise/or I would have finished the composition (3)But for/Without my mother's encouragement and company 随堂达标 I.1.released 2.broadcast 3.trend 4.worldwide 5.carbon 6.fuel 7.policy 8.seize 9.facilitate emission 10.frequently Ⅱ.（一）1.D2.A3.C4.B5.E (二)1.减缓；放松2.密封的3.加剧 IlI.1.were shocked 2.caused 3.to find 4.which 5.a 6.that 7.frequently 8.causing 9.restricting 10.to seize Section II Discovering Useful Structures 语法精练 I.1.The man told us to make a U-turn at the next crossroads and try another way 解析：直接引语中的“Lt's”表示建议，转换为间接引语时， 使用“told us to”来表达同样的意思。时态和人称也相应 调整。 2.that she was trying to get more and more people to understand that there were solutions 解析：直接引语中的现在进行时“m trying”在间接引语中 变为过去进行时“she was trying'”。同时，“there are'”变为 “there were”以保持时态一致。 3.whether she could tell them what the best part about her job was 解析：直接引语中的疑问句“Could you”在间接引语中变 为“whether she could”。时态和人称也相应调整，“your”变 为“her”,“is”变为“was”。 4.what she hoped to achieve by being a teacher 解析：直接引语中的疑问句“What do you hope”在间接引 语中变为陈述句“what she hoped'”。时态和人称也相应调 整，“you”变为“she”,“do..hope”变为“hoped”。 5.that it is never too late to learn 解析：直接引语中的陈述句在间接引语中保持不变，因为 这是一个普遍真理。时态和人称没有变化。 6.that she went there with her parents to enjoy the sunset the day before 解析：直接引语中的“came”在间接引语中变为“wemt”,因 为地点和时间发生了变化。“Yesterday”变为“the day before”以保持时间的一致性。 7.that I would give him some advice the next day 解析：直接引语中的“wi”在间接引语中变为“would'”,因 为时态需要向后推移。“Tomorrow”变为“the next day”以 保持时间的一致性。 8.that she had seen the movie three days before 解析：直接引语中的“saw”在间接引语中变为“had seen”, 因为时态需要向后推移。“three days ago”变为“three days before'”以保持时间的一致性。 9.that she didn't like that hat 解析：直接引语中的“don't like”在间接引语中变为“didn't like”,直接引语中的“this”在间接引语变为“that”。 10.that he was going to the park the next day 解析：直接引语中的现在进行时“am going”在间接引语中 变为过去进行时“was going”,第一人称“I”在间接引语中 变为第三人称“he”,直接引语中的“tomorrow”在间接引 语中变为“the next day'”,以保持时间的一致性。 II.1.whether/if she loved him 2.that his sister had been there three days before 3.whether the worker would take a dictionary when he went there 4.that he opened the window that morning 5.they had gone to the cinema the day before 6.that I had to go there the next week Ill.1.what on earth had happened 2.he was almost eaten by a wolf 3.what Mac had experienced 4.I would have been the food of the wolf 5.whether/if they were in need of a lift 6.We'd love to Section IlI Listening and Talking, Reading for Writing 自主预习 词汇记忆 1.basin 2.reform 3.undergo 4.implement 5.moderate 6.tropical 7.garbage 8.enterprise 9.restore 10.dozen 11.regulation 12.disposal 13.fine 14.campaign 词汇认知 1.企鹅2.混乱；杂乱；紊乱3.原子能的；核能的；原子核的 4.(热带)丛林；密林5.量；体积；（成套书籍中的）一卷 6.水道；航道7.议程表；议事日程054 Ⅱ.一词多义/熟词生义 died.Experts claimed that low sea-ice levels （一)一词多义 2 cause)by climate change meant the tend:n.A.趋向B.倾向C.动态D.趋势 bear could not hunt seals as before,so it had to E.动向 travel greater distances 3. find)food. 1.One region is attempting to buck the trend of Then what is causing the increase in the global economic decline. average surface temperature?Climate scientists 2.The trend of prices is still upwards. often mention a key climate process called the 3.The research trend in precision forging is also greenhouse effect",4. has two common discussed finally. meanings:the "natural"greenhouse effect and the 4.Several factors are responsible for this trend. man-made”greenhouse effect.The“man-made” greenhouse effect has now become 5. big 5.Dealers have already got wise to the trend and problem.There is strong and comprehensive increased their prices accordingly. evidence 6. the rise in temperature has (二)熟词生义 led to an increase in extreme weather and natural 1.You need to release the tension in these shoulder disasters worldwide.In fact,news reports are muscles. frequent)broadcast about extreme 2.The nuts are kept in sealed plastic bags. rainstorms and heatwaves 8. cause deaths and economic losses.Continued greenhouse 3.His harsh words only fueled the argument, gas emissions will result in further warming and making it harder for both sides to reach a long-lasting changes to the global climate.This compromise. requires the attention of people all over the world. Ⅲ.课文语法填空 We as individuals can reduce our "carbon 根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单 footprint'”by9. (restrict)the amount of 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce.It is our There is little doubt that Earth is getting responsibility 10 (seize)every opportunity warmer and warmer.In 2013,many people to educate everyone about global warming 1. shock)by a news photo of a dead 夯基提能作业 polar bear which appeared to have starved and 请同学们认真完成练案[9] Section II Discovering Useful Structures ○语法概览 陈述句→that 连接词 般疑问句、选择疑问句或附加疑问句→whether(.or.或..or not)或if 的选择 特殊疑问句仍用原句中的特殊疑问词 引 人称的 变化 一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新 和 间 时态的变化 语 指示词、状语及动词的变化 引述祈使句常用“动词+宾语+不定式”结构 遵循“一改二变三加四去”原则 055 ○语法精讲 二、人称的变化 直接引述别人的原话叫直接引语；用自己的 记忆口诀：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不 话转述别人的话叫间接引语。间接引语在多数 更新。 情沉下构成宾语从句。直接引语如果改为间接 直接引语变为间接引语时，人称代词要根据 引语，需在连接词、人称、时态、状语、个别指示代 转述人立场的变化作相应的改变。 词和动词等方面做相应的变化。 1.“一随主”。指在直接引语变间接引语时，如 一、连接词的选择 果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所 1.直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时，常变成 修饰，从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称 由hat引导的宾语从句。在口语中that可以 变化。 省略。 Mary said,"I want to have a computer of Miss Johnson said,"I enjoy getting my meals my own.” cooked for me every day." 玛丽说：“我想有一台我自己的电脑。 约翰逊小姐说：“我喜欢每天有人为我做饭。” -Mary said that she wanted to have a computer -Miss Johnson said that she enjoyed getting her of her own. meals cooked for her every day. 玛丽说，她想拥有一台她自己的电脑。 约輸逊小姐说，她喜欢每天有人为她做饭。 2.直接引语是一般疑问句、选择疑问句或附加疑 2.“二随宾”。指直接引语变间接引语时，若从 问句时，间接引语中用whether(..or.. 句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人称 或..or not)或f引导。 The customer asked the salesgirl,"Can you show 所修饰，从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾 me another pair of shoes in a different colour?" 语一致。 顾客问女售货员：“你能否给我看一看另一双 (2022·全国甲卷)The woman said to Dave, 不同颜色的鞋？” “You can wear your new sports jacket.” -The customer asked the salesgirl whether she 这位女士对戴夫说：“你可以穿你的新运动 could show him another pair of shoes in a 夹克。” different colour. -The woman told Dave that he could wear his 顾客问女售货员能否给他看一看另一双不同 new sports jacket. 颜色的鞋。 这位女士告诉戴夫，他可以穿他的新运动 3.直接引语为特殊疑问句时，间接引语仍用原句 中的特殊疑问词来引导，其余的变化遵照直接 夹克。 引语和间接引语之间的转换规则来进行。 3.“第三人称不更新”。指直接引语变间接引语 He asked Mary,“How is your sister now?” 时，如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被 他问玛丽：“你姐姐现在怎么样了？' 第三人称所修饰，从句中的人称一般不需要 He asked Mary how her sister was then. 变化。 他问玛丽那时她的姐姐怎么样了。 Annie asked Steve,"Where are they going to 》温馨提示 hold the graduation ceremony?" (1)直接引语是陈述句时，若变为间接引语， 安妮问史蒂夫：“他们打算在哪里举行毕业 主句谓语动词“said to sb.”常改为 典礼？” told sb. (2)直接引语为疑问句时，如果主句中谓语动 -Annie asked Steve where they were going to 词是said,则将其改为asked。 hold the graduation ceremony. (3)疑问句的直接引语变间接引语时，要把疑 安妮问史蒂夫，他们打算在哪里举行毕业 问语序变成陈述语序。 典礼。 056 三、时态的变化 老师对我们说：“光比声音传播得快 直接引语变间接引语时句子时态变化如下表： 得多。” 直接引语 间接引语 The teacher told us that light travels much faster than sound. 般现在时 般过去时 老师告诉我们光比声音传播得快得多。 现在进行时 过去进行时 (2)直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某 日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。 句子 现在完成时 过去完成时 Jack said,“I was born on April21,l980.” 时态 般过去时 过去完成时 -Jack said he was born on April 21,1980. 过去完成时 过去完成时（不变） 四、指示词、状语及动词的变化 般将来时 this that 过去将来时 指示代词 (2022·浙江1月卷)“I'm trying to get more these those and more people to understand that there are now then solutions,.”said she. today that day 她说：“我正在努力让越来越多的人明白，有解 决办法。” tonight that night She said that she was trying to get more and yesterday the day before more people to understand that there were the next/ solutions. tomorrow 她说，她正在努力让越来越多的人明白，有解 following day 时间状语 决办法。 last month the month The director said,"We are happy to be taking (week) (week)before part in the project.It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative next month the next month activities.” (week) (week) 主管说：“我们很高兴参与这个项目。它将通 过共同的兴趣和创造性活动真正帮助我们的 the day before two days before 居民联系起来。” yesterday -The director said that they were happy to be 地点状语 here there taking part in the project and that it would really help connect their residents through a shared come go 动词 interest and creative activities. bring take 主管说，他们很高兴参与这个项目。它将通过 She asked,"Is this book his?" 共同的兴趣和创造性活动真正帮助他们的居 她问：“这本书是他的吗？” 民联系起来。 -She asked whether that book was his. 》温馨提示 她问那本书是不是他的。 在下面几种情况中，直接引语变为间接引语 "I came here with my parents to enjoy the 时，时态不发生变化。 sunset yesterday,"said she. (1)直接引语是客观真理、谚语和格言时，其 她说：“昨天我和父母来这里欣赏日落。” 时态不变。 -She said she had gone there with her parents The teacher said to us,"light travels much to enjoy the sunset the day before. faster than sound.” 她说前一天她和父母一起去那里欣赏日落。 057 五、引述祈使句的变化 He said,“Do have a look at yourself first..” 引述祈使句通常用“动词+宾语+不定式”结 他说：“你先看一看自己。” 构。如果祈使句为否定句，在不定式的前面加 -He advised me to have a look at myself first. 上not。引述表示命令的祈使句，常用动词 他建议我先看一看自己。 order,tell,warn;引述表示请求的祈使句常用 》温馨提示 动词ask,beg;引述表示建议、劝告的祈使句常 祈使句变间接引语，遵循“一改二变三加四 用动词advise等。 去”原则： “Listen to the teacher carefully in class！”said ·一改：said(to)改为asked或told Mr.Wang to his son. ·二变：said to+宾语变成asked或told等+ “上课认真听老师讲课！”王先生对他的儿 宾语 子说。 ·三加：即在动词原形前加o,使其成为动词 Mr.Wang told his son to listen to the teacher 不定式 carefully in class ·四去：去掉please 王先生告诉他的儿子在课堂上要认真听老师 讲课。 语法精练 I.将下列直接引语变为间接引语 7."I will give you some advice tomorrow,"I told 1.(2023·浙江1月卷改编)The man said,“Let's the boy. make a U-turn at the next crossroads and try I told the boy another way.” 8.“I saw the movie three days ago,”she told the 2.(2023·浙江1月卷改编)“I'm trying to get teacher. more and more people to understand that there She told the teacher are solutions,"said she. She said 9.The girl said,“Idon't like this hat..” The girl said 3.(2023·浙江1月卷)Peter asked Miss Johnson, 10.John said,"I am going to the park tomorrow. "Could you tell us what the best part about your John said job is?” Peter asked Miss Johnson Ⅱ.用间接引语完成句子 1.他问她是否爱他。 4.(2023·浙江1月卷)Peter asked Miss Johnson, "What do you hope to achieve by being a He asked her teacher?” 2.他说他姐姐三天前去过那儿。 Peter asked Miss Johnson He said 3.编辑问这名工人去那里时能否带一本字典。 5."It is never too late to leamn,"my teacher told The editor asked me yesterday. My teacher told me yesterday 4.他说他那天早上打开了窗户。 He said 6."I came here with my parents to enjoy the sunset 5.他说他们前一天去看电影了。 yesterday,”said she. He said She said 6.经理告诉我下个星期必须去那儿。 The manager told me 058 Ⅲ.根据汉语提示完成下面短文 4 (我早已经是狼的食物 A few minutes later,the other two cyclists)."Mac's friends were also thankful to Paul and arrived.They were shocked to find Mac's bicycle Becky.Afraid that there might be more potential lying on the road,his tent bag torn and Mac just dangers ahead,Paul and Becky asked kindly like a drowned mouse.They asked anxiously5. (他们是否需要搭便车). 1. (到底发生了什么).Mac Mac and his friends answered with one voice, responded breathlessly that 2. 6 (我们乐意).Thank you (他差点被一只狼吃掉).When told about from the bottom of our hearts！” (Mac经历了什么)，they 夯基提能作业 couldn't help screaming out,"What a narrow 请同学们认真完成练案[10] escape！”“Yes, without their timely help, SectionⅢl Listening and Talking, Reading for Writing 自主预习 ①词汇记忆 6.waterway n. 1 n.流域；盆地；盆 7.agenda n. 2 i.&t.改革；（使)改正；改造 ①词汇拓展 n.改革；变革；改良 1.harmony n.和谐；融洽 3 vt.(underwent,undergone ad.和谐的 历；经受（变化、不快等） 2.moderate ad山.适度的；中等的；温和的vi.&t. 4. t.使生效；贯彻；执行 缓和：使适中 5 ad山.适度的；中等的；温和的vi. n.适度；适中；合理 &t.缓和：使适中 3.submit vt..&vi.提交；呈递；屈服 6 ad山.热带的；来自热带的 n.呈递；提案 7 n.垃圾；废物 4.annual ad山.每年的；一年的n.年刊；年鉴 8. n.公司；企业；事业 ad.一年一次地 5 9. u.恢复；使复原；修复 n.&t.感觉；感知 10. n.(一)打；十二个 sensitive adj.敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的 11. n.章程；规章制度 sensible ad山.明智的；意识到的 6.smog n.烟雾（烟与雾混合的空气污染物） 12. n.去掉；清除；处理 ad山.烟雾弥漫的 13. l.对…处以罚款 14. 7.origin n.起源；源头；起因 n.运动；战役vi.&vt.参加运 ad.最初的；原始的→originally 动；领导运动 adw.最初；起初 ①词汇认知 vi.&t.起源；发源；创立 1.penguin n. 8.conserve ut.保护 2.chaos n. n.对（环境、文物等）保护；保持 3.nuclear adj. 9.inspect vt.检查；查看 4.jungle n. n.检查；查看；视察 5.volume n. n.检查员