情态动词have done表推测轻微责备-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册语法直击真题精讲（沪外版）

8下沪外版 【寒假专版】 沪外版直击真题精讲 寒假专版 【语法专项】情态动词+have done (表推 测/轻微责备) 真题精讲与演练 直击真题高效讲 真题一：单项选择（推测用法辨析） (2024上海浦东期末，沪外版) -The ground is all wet.It-rained heavily last night. -Yes,the radio said it was a heavy rain. A.must B.can C.may D.need 答案：A 核心知识点： must have done表对过去事情的肯定推测，意为“一定做了”，语气最强： can have done用于否定/疑问句表推测： may have done表可能性推测，语气较弱。 解析：由“地面全湿”推断“昨晚一定下大雨了”，肯定推测用must have rained,此处省略have 符合语境表达习惯。 真题二：单项选择（轻微责备用法） (2023江苏苏州月考，沪外版) You_told me you would be late.I waited for you for an hour! A.should have B.must have C.can have D.may have 答案：A 核心知识点： should have done表“本应该做但未做”，含轻微责备语气； must have done仅表肯定推测，无责备义。 解析：根据“等了一小时”可知“本应告知迟到”却未告知，用should have told表责备。 8下沪外版 【寒假专版】 沪外版直击真题精讲 真题三：用所给词的适当形式填空（推测与责备） (2024浙江杭州期中，沪外版) 1.She looks worried.She_(lose)her keys.(may) 2.You_(finish)your homework yesterday.Now you have to stay up late.(should) 3.The door is locked.They_(go)out.(must) 答案：1.may have lost2.should have finished3.must have gone 核心知识点： may have done表对过去可能发生事情的推测： should have done表“本应完成”的责备： must have done表对过去事情的肯定推断。 解析：1.“看起来担心”推测“可能丢了钥匙”：2.“昨天本应完成作业”却未完成，用should have finished;3.“门锁了”推断“一定出去了”。 真题四：句型转换（肯定推测变否定推测） (2023安徽合肥期末，沪外版) He must have passed the exam.(改为否定句) He the exam. 答案：can't have passed 核心知识点： must have done的否定推测用can't have done(不可能做过)，而非mustn't have done(nustn't表禁 止，无推测义)。 解析：原句“一定通过考试”的否定推测为“不可能通过”，用can't have passed。. 真题五：短文填空（语境综合运用） (2024广东深圳期中，沪外版) Peter didn't come to school today.He 1.(be)ill,but I'm not sure.His mother 2.-(call)the teacher to explain,but she didn't.If she had called,we 3.(know)what happened.Now we're all worried. 答案：1.may have been2.should have called3.would have known 核心知识点： may have been表不确定的过去推测： should have called表“本应打电话”的责备： would have known为虚拟语气，与if条件句呼应（此处拓展关联语法点，符合综合运用要求）。 解析：l.“不确定是否生病”用may have been:2.“本应打电话解释”却未打，用should have called:3.与“if she had called'”呼应，表“本会知道”，用would have known。 真题综合演练 2 8下沪外版 【寒假专版】 沪外版直击真题精讲 真题综合演练 L单项选择 1.-The room is empty.They_left already. A.must have B.can have C.may have D.should have 2.He looks tired.Hestayed up late last night. A.must have B.should have C.can have D.need have Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.You_(should)told her the truth yesterday.Now she is angry with us. 2.The light is on.He(must)be at home now. 血，句型转换 l.She must have arrived home.(改为否定句) 2.They should have finished the project on time.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定▣答) V.短文填空 It rained heavily this morning.The streets are all wet.People 1.-(must)have had difficulty going to work.Mary didn't come to school.She 2.(may)have missed the bus.Her teacher said she 3._ (should)have called to explain.I hope she 4._(can)come tomorrow. 综合演练参考答案 I.单项选择 1.A2.A 3 8下沪外版 【寒假专版】 沪外版直击真题精讲 Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.should have 2.must Ⅲ.句型转换 1.She can't have arrived home. 2.Should they have finished the project on time?Yes,they should. V.短文填空 1.must 2.may 3.should 4.can 4