2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册每日一练

【新人教】八下英语·语法总结+每日一练（完整版） ( Unit 1 Time to relax ! ) 一、动词不定式作宾语补足语 1. 定义：不定式作宾语补足语位于宾语之后,表示宾语的动作或状态。 2. 常带动词不定式作宾补的动词： 动词 含义 例句 ask 要求 They asked us to help them. tell 告诉 Mom told me to clean my room. wish 希望 I wish you to be happy. expect 期盼 We expect you to come. allow 允许 Teacher allows us to use phones. encourage 鼓励 He encouraged me to try again. invite 邀请 They invited us to the party. teach 教 She teaches us to dance. help 帮助 He helps me to learn English. advise 建议 Doctor advised me to exercise. order 命令 Teacher ordered us to be quiet. 3. 特殊用法： 使役动词let, have, make和感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, smell, feel, find等后,不定式符号to省略。 例句： • My dad lets me clean my room. (爸爸让我打扫房间) • I saw him cross the street. (我看见他过马路) • The teacher made us finish the work. (老师让我们完成工作) 二、动词不定式作状语 1. 表目的：可置于句首或句末。 • I went to the hospital to see Mary. (我去医院看望玛丽) • To pass the exam, I study hard. (为了通过考试,我努力学习) 2. 表结果： 常与only连用,表出乎意料的结果,还可用于too...to...结构表"太...而不能..." • He hurried to the station only to find the train had gone. (他匆忙赶到车站,结果发现火车已经走了) • The box is too heavy to lift. (箱子太重了,搬不动) • The question is easy enough to answer. (这个问题足够简单,可以回答) 3. 表原因： 常置于表示情感、态度的形容词后,说明产生该情绪的原因。 • I'm sorry to hear that you are ill. (听到你生病的消息,我很抱歉) • She is glad to see you. (她很高兴见到你) 三、动词不定式作其他成分 1. 作主语：作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数。 常用it作形式主语,真正的主语不定式置于句后。 • To learn English is very important. (学习英语非常重要) • It's important for us to learn English well. (对我们来说,学好英语很重要) 2. 作宾语： 常见跟不定式作宾语的动词: want, hope, learn, plan, prepare, promise, refuse, wish, need, would like, decide, expect, help等。 • I want to buy a new bike. (我想买一辆新自行车) • He decided to go to Beijing. (他决定去北京) 3. it作形式宾语： • I find it difficult to do the job well. (我发现做好这份工作很难) • She thinks it important to learn English. (她认为学英语很重要) 4. 特殊疑问词+to do作宾语：这种结构往往跟在decide, know, ask, show, teach, guess, find out等动词(短语)后。 • He doesn't know what to do next. (他不知道接下来该做什么) • Sam didn't decide where to go. (萨姆还没决定要去哪里) • Can you tell me how to use this machine? (你能告诉我怎么用这台机器吗?) 5. 作表语：在句中作表语,只限于系动词之后,表示说明主语的内容或性质及具体或将来的动作。 • Her dream is to be a teacher. (她的梦想是成为一名老师) 6. 作定语： 常常放在所修饰的名词、代词之后。 • I have a lot of work to do. (我有很多工作要做) 巳 每日一练（ Unit 1） ( 1. My teacher asked me ______ late again . A. not be B. not to be C. don't be D. to not be 2. They invited us ______ their party . A. attend B . attending C . to attend D . attended 3. I went to the shop ______ some bread . A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. bought 4. Do you know ______ to solve this problem ? A. how B . what C . how to D . what to ) 5. The teacher encourages us ______ hard. A. study B. to study C. studying D. studied 6. My dad lets me ______ TV after I finish my homework. A. watch B. to watch C. watching D. watched 7. It's important for us ______ English well. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learned 8. She expects him ______ the work on time. A. finish B. to finish C. finishing D. finished 9. I saw her ______ into the room just now. A. go B. to go C. going D. went 10. The box is too heavy for me ______. A. lift B. to lift C. lifting D. lifted ✅ 参考答案 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. B ( Unit 2 Stay healthy ! ) 一、情态动词should的用法 1. 定义：表建议时,意为"应该、应当",语气委婉,用于向他人提出合理的、可取的建议。后接动词原形,无人称和数的变化。 2. 句型结构： 句型 结构 例句 肯定句 主语+should+动词原形+其他 You should read this book. 否定句 主语+shouldn't +动词原形+其他 You shouldn't eat too much. 一般疑问句 Should+主语+动词原形+其他? Should I go now? 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+should+主语+动词原形+其他? What should I do? θ 疑问句回答： —Should I go now? (我现在应该走吗?) —Yes, you should. / No, you shouldn't. 3. 其他用法： • 表示义务、责任 ：As a student, you should do your homework. (作为一名学生,你应该完成作业) ( • 表示命令、责备或要求,语气较为强烈 ： Why should you be so late today ? (为什么你今天这么晚?) • 表示推测和可能性 ： They should be there by now . (我猜他们现在应该已经到那儿了) • 用于主语为第一人称的疑问句中,表示征询意见 ： Should I open the door ? (我该开门吗?) ) 二、情态动词could的用法 1. 定义：表建议时,意为"可以、不妨",语气比should更委婉、客气,不具有强制性,只是提供一种可选方案。 2. 用法注意： could表现在的建议时,不是can的过去式,只是语气更委婉。若表示过去的建议能力,才是can的过去式。 例句： • You could drink more hot water if you have a sore throat. (喉咙痛的话,你可以多喝点热水) • You couldn't go to school when you have a fever. (发烧的时候,你就不应该去上学了) θ could与should的区别： • should：语气较强,表示强烈建议或义务 • could：语气委婉,表示温和建议或提供选择 三、反身代词 1. 含义：表示一个动作返回到该动作执行者本身或强调某人或某物"本身"的代词叫做反身代词。 2. 构成： 人称 单数 复数 第一人称 myself ourselves 第二人称 yourself yourselves 第三人称 himself, herself, itself themselves 3. 用法： • 在句中作动词或介词的宾语 ：The girl is too young to look after herself. (这个女孩太小了,不能照顾自己) • 反身代词在句中作同位语 ：We did it ourselves. = We ourselves did it. (我们要自己做的) • 反身代词在句中作表语 ：The poor boy in the story was myself. (故事里的那个穷男孩就是我) 4. 常用词组： 词组 含义 enjoy oneself 玩得高兴；过得愉快 make sth. by oneself 自己做某事 teach oneself sth. / learn sth. by oneself 自学 hurt oneself 伤了某人自己 lose oneself (in) 沉溺于；迷失在 dress oneself 自己穿衣服 keep sth. to oneself 保密；不告诉别人 ( help oneself to sth. 请自用(随便吃/喝些) look after oneself 照顾自己 ) 巳 每日一练（ Unit 2） ( 1. You ______ brush your teeth twice a day . A. should B . could C . would D . will 2. — ______ I borrow your dictionary ? — Sure , here you are . A. Should B. Could C. Must D. Need 3. You ______ play computer games too much . It ' s bad for your eyes . A. should B . shouldn ' t C . could D . couldn 't 4. He taught ______ English last year . A. himself B. he C. his D. him 5. My sister enjoys ______ in her free time . A. her B. herself C. sh e D. hers 6. You ______ tell him the news . He is too young . A. should B . shouldn ' t C . could D . couldn 't 7. — ______ I go out with my friends tonight ? — Yes , you can . But you must come back before 10 o' clock . A. Should B. Could C. Must D. Need 8. They ______ finish the work today . They can finish it tomorrow . A. need n't B. shouldn't C. mustn't D. c an't 9. We should learn to look after ______. A. ourselves B . our C . us D . we 10. She ______ be at home now . I saw her go out just now . A. should B . shouldn ' t C . can D . can 't ) ✅ 参考答案 1. A 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. B 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. D ( Unit 3 Growing up ! ) 一、 until引导的时间状语从句 1. 肯定句： until意为"直到……为止" 主语中的谓语动词一般为延续性动词(表示可以持续一段时间的动作)。 • I kept doing my homework until my mother came back. (我一直做作业,直到妈妈回来) • He waited until the rain stopped. (他一直等到雨停) 2. 否定句： not...until意为"直到……才" 主语中的谓语动词一般为非延续性动词(表示瞬间发生并立刻结束的动作)。 • Students don't stop talking until the teacher comes in. (学生们直到老师进来才停止讲话) • He didn't go to bed until he finished his homework. (他直到完成作业才睡觉) 二、 so that引导的状语从句 1. 引导目的状语从句：意为"为的是,以便 …… ",常放主句之后用于表示目的动机,从句中常带有can, could, will, would等情态动词。 • You must get up early so that you won't be late. (你必须早起,以免迟到) • I study hard so that I can pass the exam. (我努力学习,以便通过考试) 2. 引导结果状语从句：意为"以至于,结果 …… ",从句陈述的是客观事实。 • Mary studied hard so that she passed the exam. (玛丽努力学习,结果通过了考试) 3. so...that...结构：通常引导结果状语从句,意为"如此 ……以至于 … … "。 • Tom got up so late that he was late for school. (汤姆起床太晚了,结果上学迟到了) • The box is so heavy that I can't lift it. (箱子太重了,我搬不动) 三、although引导的让步状语从句 1. 含义：意为"即使,尽管",既可以放在主句之前,也可以放在主句之后。 • Although they are poor, they are happy. = They are happy although they are poor. (尽管他们很穷,但他们很幸福) 2. 重要注意：although不能与but连用,但可与yet, still连用。 • Although he was old, he still worked hard. (尽管年事已高,他依旧辛勤工作) • × Although it was raining, but we went out. 四、提建议的句型 ( 句型 ) 结构 ( 例句 ) Why句型 Why don't we/you+动词原形? = Why not+动词原形? Why don't you join an English club? ( How / What about 句型 How / What about +动词- ing 形式...? What/How about watching TV ? Shall we 句型 Shall we +动词原形...? Shall we sing an English song? Let 's句型 Let 's+动词原形...! Let ' s go to school . should / could 句型 We / You should / could +动词原形... We should get up earlie r. Would you mind 句型 Would you mind +动词- ing 形式...? Would you mind telling me? Would you like 句型 Would you like to do sth .? Would you like to take a walk ? Will/Would/Could you please 句型 Will / Would / Could you please +动词原 形...? Would you please turn down the radio ? had better 句型 We / You had better ( not ) do sth . We'd better not eat too much junk food. ) 巳 每日一练（ Unit 3） ( 1. I will wait for you ______ you come back . A. until B . so that C . although D . if 2. He studies hard ______ he can get good grades . A. until B . so that C . although D . if 3. ______ he is very young , he knows a lot . A. Until B . So that C . Although D . If 4. — ______ go to the park with us ? — Good idea . A. Why don ' t B . Why not C . How about D . What about 5. You ______ study hard if you want to pass the exam . A. should B . could C . would D . will 6. He didn ' t go to bed ______ he finished his homework . A. until B . so that C . although D . if 7. She bought a new dress ______ she could look beautiful at the party . A. until B . so that C . although D . if 8. ______ it rained heavily , we still went to school on time . A. Until B . So that C . Although D . If 9. — ______ watching a movie tonight ? ) ( — That sounds good . A. Why don ' t B . Why not C . How about D . What about 10. You ______ better not eat too much junk food . A. should B . could C . had D . would ) ✅ 参考答案 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. A 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. C ( Unit 4 The wonders of nature ! ) 一、 比较级和最高级规则变化 规则 举例 一般情况 ：直接加-er/-est tall→taller→tallest 以e结尾 ：直接加-r/-st nice→ nicer→ nicest 辅音+y结尾 ：变y为i再加-er/-est dry→drier→driest 重读闭音节末尾单辅音 ：双写辅音再加-er/-est big→ bigger→ biggest 多音节和部分双音节 ：词前加more/most beautiful→ more beautiful→ most beautiful 二、不规则变化（好坏多少远） 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/ill worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther / further farthest / furthest 三、 比较级的用法 1. 基本用法：表示两者之间的比较,用"比较级+than"。 • My uncle is taller than your father. 2. 表示"越来越…… " ：用"比较级+and +比较级"。 • It's getting colder and colder. (天气变得越来越冷) • He is becoming more and more interested in English. (他对英语越来越感兴趣) 3. 表示"越……就越…… " ：用"the+比较级,the+比较级"。 • The more you study, the more you know. (你学得越多,知道的越多) • The harder you work, the better grades you will get. (你越努力,成绩越好) 4. 修饰比较级的程度副词： much, a little, a lot, still, even, rather等。 • Tom is feeling a lot better today. (汤姆今天感觉好多了) 5. 选择疑问句：Who/Which + be/动词 + 比较级, A or B? • Who is taller, Mary or Kate? (玛丽和凯特,谁更高?) 四、最高级的用法 1. 基本结构：主语+be/动词+the+最高级+(单数名词)+in/of短语 • Tom is the tallest in his class. (汤姆是班上最高的) • She is the most beautiful of all the girls. (她是所有女孩中最漂亮的) θ in与of的区别： • in后面一般接表示单位或场所的名词(in his class, in the world) • of后面一般接表示一群人或事物的代词或名词(of all the students, of the three) 2. 最……之一： one of the+最高级+名词复数 • Beijing is one of the largest cities in China. (北京是中国最大的城市之一) 3. 第几……的 ：the+序数词+最高级+名词 • The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. (黄河是中国第二长的河流) 4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级+甲,乙or丙? • Which country is the largest, China, America or Canada? (中国、美国和加拿大,哪个国家最大?) 5. 副词最高级：副词最高级前的the可以省略。 • Tom runs (the) fastest in his class. 巳 每日一练（ Unit 4） ( 1. This story is ______ than that one . A. interesting B . more interesting C . most interesting D . the most interesting 2. She is ______ student in our class . A. good B. better C. best D. the best 3. The weather is getting ______ and ______. A. warm ; warm B . warmer ; warmer C . warmest ; warmest D . the warmest ; the warmest 4. He runs ______ than any other student in his class . ) A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest 5. This is ______ book I have ever read. A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting 6. —Which is ______, the sun, the moon or the earth? —The sun. A. big B. bigger C. biggest D. the biggest 7. She is ______ than her sister. A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest 8. The ______ you study, the ______ grades you will get. A. hard; good B. harder; better C. hardest; best D. the hardest; the best 9. This movie is ______ than that one. A. exciting B. more exciting C. most exciting D. the most exciting 10. He is one of ______ players in the team. A. good B. better C. best D. the best ✅ 参考答案 1. B 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. D 6. D 7. B 8. B 9. B 10. D ( Unit 5 Nature's temper ! ) 一、过去进行时的定义 1. 定义：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。 2. 结构：was/were + 动词的现在分词(V-ing) 3. 时间标志词： 时间标志词 例句 then, at that time/moment What were you doing at that time? (at) this time+过去时间 at this time yesterday at+时间点+过去时间 at 8:00 last Friday 其他时间状语 this morning, yesterday afternoon, the whole day yesterday, from seven to nine last night, all day last Sunday 二、动词现在分词构成规则 规则 举例 一般情况 ：直接加-ing do→doing, help→ helping 不发音e结尾 ：去e加-ing take→taking, have→ having 重读闭音节末尾单辅音 ：双写辅音再加-ing stop→stopping, begin→ beginning ie结尾 ：变ie为y加-ing lie→ lying, die→dying 三、过去进行时的句型结构 句型 结构 例句 肯定句 主语+was/were+V-ing+其它 I was watching TV at nine last night. 否定句 主语+wasn't/weren't +V-ing+其它 I wasn't watching TV at nine last night. 一般疑问句 Was/Were+主语+V-ing+其它? Were you watching TV at nine last night? 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+V-ing+其它? What were you doing at nine last night? θ 疑问句回答： —Were you watching TV at nine last night? —Yes, I was. / No, I wasn't. 四、过去进行时的基本用法 1. 表示过去某时刻正在进行的动作： • What were you doing at that time? (那时你在做什么?) 2. 表示过去某段时间内持续的动作： • He was writing to his friend all day yesterday. (昨天一整天他都在给朋友写信) 3. 表示两个过去的动作同时进行：这时可用连接词while引导。 • Tom was reading while his sister was listening to songs. (汤姆读书时,他妹妹在听歌) 4. 主句的动作进行中的时候,从句的动作突然发生,此时只用when： • We were having dinner when the phone rang. (我们正在吃晚饭时,电话响了) • When/While the children were playing on the playground, it began to rain. (当孩子们在操场上玩耍时,开始下雨了) θ when与while的区别： • when引导的从句的谓语动词即可以用延续性动词也可以用非延续性动词• while引导的从句的谓语动词只能用延续性动词,常表示两个动作同时进行 五、过去进行时的特殊用法 1. 与go、come、 leave、 start等瞬间动词连用时：过去进行时表示过去即将发生的动作。 • He said the early bus was coming. (他说早班车快来了) 2. 与always、often等频度副词连用时：表示对过去某件事的埋怨、讨厌、赞扬或喜爱,并不强调动作正在进行。 • The baby was always crying. (这婴儿总是在哭) • He was always helping others. (他总是在帮助别人) 巳 每日一练（ Unit 5） ( 1. I ______ TV at 8 o' clock last night . A. watch B . watched C . was watching D . am watching 2. They ______ basketball when I saw them . A. play B . played C . were playing D . are playing 3. What ______ you ______ at this time yesterday ? A. do ; do B . did ; do C . were ; doing D . are ; doing 4. He ______ to music when his mother came in . A. listen B . listened C . was listening D . is listening 5. While I ______ homework , my brother ______ TV . A. did ; watched B . was doing ; was watching C . did ; was watching D . was doing ; watched 6. She ______ a book at 9 o' clock last night . A. read B . reads C . was reading D . is reading 7. They ______ dinner when the phone rang . A. have B . had C . were having D . are having 8. What ______ your father ______ when you got home ? A. do ; do B . did ; do C . was ; doing D . are ; doing 9. I ______ to the radio while my sister ______ a letter . A. listened ; wrote B . was listening ; was writing C . listened ; was writing D. was listening ; wrote 10. He ______ always ______ noise when he was a child . A. is ; making B . was ; making C . did ; make D . does ; make ) ✅ 参考答案 1. C 2. C 3. C 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. B ( Unit 6 Closing cultures ! ) 一、 unless引导的条件状语从句 1. 含义： unless是连词,意为"除非；如果不",引导条件状语从句,含有否定意义,相当于if… not。 2. 用法： unless引导条件状语从句时,与if一样也遵循"主将从现""主祈从现""主情从现"的原则。 • 主将从现： Unless it rains tomorrow, we will go camping. = If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go camping. • 主祈从现： Don't go out unless I call you. (除非我给你打电话,否则别出去) • 主情从现 ：You can't get good grades unless you study hard. = You can't get good grades if you don't study hard. 二、as soon as引导的时间状语从句 1. 含义：as soon as表示"一 ……就 …… ",用来引导时间状语从句,指两个事件在时间上的紧密联系,意味着 第一个事件发生之后,紧接着第二个事件就会发生。 2. 用法： • 当主句是一般将来时,从句要用一般现在时,即"主将从现"原则 • I will tell him the news as soon as I see him. (我一见到他就把这个消息告诉他) • He will go home as soon as he finishes his homework. (他一做完作业就回家) • 若主句是一般过去时,从句也用一般过去时 • Tom ran out of the classroom as soon as the bell rang. (铃声一响,汤姆就跑出了教室) 三、 so…that引导的结果状语从句 1. 含义： so...that...意思是"如此 ……以至于 …… ",常用于引导结果状语从句。其中的so是副词,常用来修饰 形容词或副词,that后接句子。 2. 句型： • so + 形容词/副词 + that + 从句 • Tom studied so hard that he got good grades. (汤姆学习非常努力,所以取得了好成绩) • so + 形容词 + a/an + 单数名词 + that + 从句 = such + a/an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词 + that +从句 • It is so interesting a book that many people want to buy it. = It is such an interesting book that many people want to buy it. • so + many/much/few/little + 名词 + that + 从句 • There was so much work to do that everybody felt tired. (要做的工作太多了,以至于所有人都觉得累了) • He has so many friends that he is never lonely. (他有这么多朋友,从不孤单) 巳 每日一练（ Unit 6） ( 1. I will go to the park with you ______ it rains tomorrow . A. unless B. as soon as C. so that D. if 2. He will call you ______ he arrives in Beijing . A. unless B. as soon as C. so that D. if 3. She studied hard ______ she could pass the exam . A. unless B. as soon as C. so that D. if 4. ______ you work hard , you will not pass the exam . A. Unless B . As soon as C . So that D . If 5. I will tell her the news ______ I see her . A. unless B. as soon as C. so that D. if 6. He is ______ young ______ he can ' t go to school . A. too ; to B . so ; that C . such ; that D . enough ; to 7. ______ it is raining , we still go to school . A. Unless B . As soon as C . So that D . Although 8. She bought a new dress ______ she could look beautiful at the party . A. unless B. as soon as C. so that D. if 9. He will come to see you ______ he has time . A. unless B. as soon as C. so that D. if 10. The book is ______ interesting ______ I want to read it again . A. too ; to B . so ; that C . such ; that D . enough ; to ) ✅ 参考答案 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. B 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. B ( Unit 7 A good read ! ) 一、现在完成时的定义 1. 定义：表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果；或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。 ( 2. 结构： have / has + done (动词的过去分词) 3. 时间标志词： Since +过去时间点, for +时间段, already , before , ever , just , lately , so far , recently , yet 。 ) 二、过去分词的构成规则 规则变化（与动词过去式相同）： 规则 举例 一般情况 ：直接加-ed want→wanted, play→ played 以e结尾的动词 ：直接加-d hope→ hoped, live→ lived 以重读闭音节结尾的动词,末尾只有一个辅音字母：先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed stop→stopped, shop→shopped 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词 ：变y为i,再加-ed study→studied, worry→worried 不规则变化：需要特殊记忆,如go→gone, see→seen, write→written等。 三、现在完成时的句型结构 句型 结构 例句 肯定句 主语+have/has+过去分词+其它 I have finished my homework. 否定句 主语+haven't/hasn't +过去分词+其它 She hasn't finished her homework. 一般疑问句 Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其它? Have you finished your homework? 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+动词过去分词(十其他)? Where have you been during the holiday? θ 疑问句回答： —Have you finished your homework? —Yes, I have. / No, I haven't. 四、already与yet的用法 词 含义 位置 常用句型 already 已经 have/has之后,过去分词之前 肯定句 yet 还； 尚未 句末 否定句/疑问句 • I have already watched the movie. (我已经看过这部电影了) • I haven't watched the movie yet. (我还没看过这部电影) • Have you seen the film yet? (你已经看过这部电影了吗?) θ 句型转换： 在现在完成时的句子中,含有already的陈述句变为否定句或疑问句时,要把already改为yet,并放于句末。 ( • I have already finished reading the book . → I haven ' t finished reading the book yet . → Have you finished reading the book yet ? ) 五、 ever与never的用法 词 含义 位置 常用句型 ever 曾经；在任何时候 have/has之后,过去分词之前 一般疑问句/否定句 never 从不；从来没有 have/has之后,过去分词之前 否定意义的陈述句 • Have you ever been a teacher? (你曾经当过老师吗?) • I don't think I've ever been here before. (我觉得我以前从未来过这里) • I have never been to Hong Kong. (我从没去过香港) —Me neither. (我也没去过) 六、现在完成时的基本用法 1. 表示过去某一时间已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果对现在仍有影响： • I have already watched the movie. (我已经看过这部电影了——表示我现在知道电影的内容) 2. 表示动作开始于过去某一时刻,一直延续到现在,或可能还要继续下去：这里的动词要用持续性动词。常与for ( +时间段), since ( +时间点)连用。 • I have studied English for three years. (我学英语已经三年了) • Mary has been ill since three days ago. (玛丽从三天前就生病了) 巳 每日一练（ Unit 7） ( 1. I ______ already ______ my homework . A. have ; finish B . have ; finished C . has ; finish D . has ; finished 2. He ______ to Beijing three times . A. go B . goes C . went D . has gone 3. ______ you ever ______ to Shanghai ? A. Have; been B. Have; gone C. Did; go D. Do; go 4. I ______ here for five years . A. live B. lived C. have lived D. am living 5. She ______ her homework yet . A. didn ' t finish B . hasn ' t finished C . doesn ' t finish D . isn ' t finishing 6. They ______ in this city since 2010. ) A. live B. lived C. have lived D. are living 7. I ______ never ______ such a beautiful place. A. have; seen B. has; seen C. did; see D. do; see 8. He ______ the book for two weeks. A. borrow B. borrowed C. has borrowed D. has kept 9. ______ you ______ your breakfast yet? A. Have; had B. Has; had C. Did; have D. Do; have 10. She ______ in this school for ten years. A. teach B. taught C. has taught D. is teaching ✅ 参考答案 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. A 10. C ( Unit 8 Making a difference ! ) 一、 have been to, have gone to与have been in的用法区别 易混词组 用法 例句 have been to 表示到过某地,说明去过某地,说话时已经回来了 Tom has been to Beijing three times. have gone to 说明去某地了,说话时还没有回来 —Hello, May I speak to Mr. Black? —Sorry, he has gone to Shanghai. have been in 意为"已经待在",表示一直在某地,强调状态 My teacher has been in the city for two years. 二、for与since的用法 句式 例句 现在完成时+for+一段时间 We have known each other for twenty years. 现在完成时+since+表示过去的时间点 Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984. 现在完成时+since+从句 I have lived here since I was born. 用法：for通常与时间段连用,表示动作或状态持续的时间长度； since则与时间点或从句连用,表示动作或状态开始的时间点。 转换：for与since引导的时间状语可以进行相互转换。for+一段时间 =since+时间+ago。 ( • My uncle has worked at this factory for five years. = My uncle has worked at this factory s ince five years ago. ) 三、延续性动词与非延续性动词 1. 延续性动词： • 延续性动词表示能够持续的动作,强调经过、经历,可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。 • 常见的延绪性动词有: work, live, wait, study, learn, do, write, read, drive, sleep, sit, stand, fly, walk, keep, lie, talk, know, have, wear等。 2. 非延续性动词： • 非延续性动词表示一个动作发生在一瞬间,不能持续,非常短暂,强调行为的结果,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。 • 非延续性动词也叫终止性动词、 瞬间动词。 常见的非延续性动词有: start, begin, finish, end, come, go, leave, find, hear, reach, arrive, enter, stop, open, close, join, become, buy, borrow, lend, die, happen, lose等。 四、非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换 非延续性动词 延续性动词 例句转换 buy have I bought the book two days ago. → I have had the book for two days. borrow keep I borrowed the book yesterday. → I have kept the book for one day. join be in He joined the army three years ago. → He has been in the army for three years. leave be away She left home yesterday. → She has been away from home for one day. die be dead His grandpa died last year. → His grandpa has been dead for one year. arrive be in/at They arrived here an hour ago. → They have been here for an hour. begin/start be on The movie began ten minutes ago. → The movie has been on for ten minutes. finish be over The class finished five minutes ago. → The class has been over for five minutes. close be closed The shop closed at 6:00. → The shop has been closed since 6:00. open be open The library opened at 8:00. → The library has been open since 8:00. fall asleep be asleep The baby fell asleep an hour ago. → The baby has been asleep for an hour. marry be married They married last year. → They have been married for one year. 巳 每日一练（ Unit 8） ( 1. My father ______ in this factory for 20 years . ) A. work B. worked C. has worked D. is working 2. He ______ to London. He will be back next week. A. has been B. has gone C. went D. goes 3. I ______ here since I was born. A. live B. lived C. have lived D. am living 4. How long ______ you ______ this book? A. have; borrowed B. have; kept C. did; borrow D. do; keep 5. She ______ in Beijing for five years. A. is B. was C. has been D. have been 6. They ______ each other since 2015. A. know B. knew C. have known D. will know 7. My brother ______ the army for three years. A. has joined B. has been in C. joined D. was in 8. He ______ his hometown for ten years. A. left B. has left C. has been away from D. was away from 9. ______ have you lived in this city? A. How long B. How often C. How soon D. How many 10. She ______ never ______ to the Great Wall. A. have; been B. has; been C. have; gone D. has; gone ✅ 参考答案 1. C 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. B θ 八下英语语法学习建议： 1. 八下语法相比七下有较大提升,重点关注动词不定式、状语从句、比较级和最高级、过去进行时、现在完成时等难点。 2. 动词不定式作宾补时,注意使役动词和感官动词后省略to的情况；作状语时,要注意表目的、结果、原因的区别。 3. 状语从句要注意连词的选择和时态呼应(如until, unless, as soon as, so that的用法)。 4. 比较级和最高级要掌握规则变化和不规则变化,注意最高级前必须加the。 5. 现在完成时是八下重点,要掌握have been to/gone to/in的区别以及for/since的用法,注意非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换。 【人教】八下英语·语法总结+每日一练（完整版） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $