非谓语动词to do doing的基础用法-2025-2026学年九年级英语下册语法重难点精讲（外研版）

9年级外研版 【语法专版】 非谓语动词精讲 语法专版 【语法专题】非谓语动词(to do/doing)专 项突破 初中外研版九年级 语法精讲 语法概述：非谓语动词(todo/doing的基础用法)=不能作谓语但具有动词特征的动词形式，todo 表示未发生的动作或目的，doig表示正在进行的动作或习惯，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定 语、状语。 重难点讲解 重难点一：todo与doing作主语的区别讲解： 动词不定式(tod0)作主语时，常表示具体的、一次性的或将来的动作，通常用t作形式主语， 将真正主语后置，结构为It+be+形容词/名词+to do sth.。 To learn English well is important..(真正主语to learn English well位于句首) It is important to learn English well.(it作形式主语，真正主语后置) 动名词(doing)作主语时，常表示抽象的、习惯性的动作，可直接位于句首，谓语动词用单数。 Swimming is good for health.(表示习惯性动作) Reading books makes us wise.(表示抽象概念) 真题再现： 1.(2024 北京朝阳区期末，外研版)is necessary for us to follow the traffic rules.. A.This B.That C.It D.What 答案：C 解析：句中真正主语是to follow the traffic rules,用it作形式主语，构成It is necessary to do sth.结构。 2.(2023上海浦东区月考，外研版)_in the morning is a good way to keep fit.. A.Run B.Torun 1 9年级外研版 【语法专版】 非谓语动词精讲 C.Running D.Ran 答案：C 解析：表示习惯性动作“早上跑步”，用动名词running作主语。 重难点二：todo与doing作宾语的区别（接todo或doing的动词辨析） 讲解： l.只能接todo作宾语的动词：want,hope,decide,.plan,try,learn,agree,wish,refuse等，表示“想 要、希望、决定、计划、尝试、学习、同意、希望、拒绝”等意图或动作。 She wants to buy a new dress.(want to do sth.想要做某事) He decided to study abroad..(decide to do sth.决定做某事) 2.只能接doing作宾语的动词：enjoy,finish,practice,mind,keep,avoid,nis,suggest,,consider等， 表示“喜欢、完成、练习、介意、保持、避免、错过、建议、考虑”等状态或动作。 They enjoy playing basketball..(enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事) He finished doing his homework.(finish doing sth.完成做某事) 3.接todo或doing意义不同的动词： -remember to do sth..记得去做某事（未做）：remember doing sth.记得做过某事（已做） Remember to lock the door when you leave.(记得去锁门，还没离开) I remember locking the door this morning.(记得锁过门了，已做) -forget to do sth.忘记去做某事（未做）：forget doing sth.忘记做过某事（已做） Don't forget to post the letter.（忘记去寄信，未做) I forgot meeting him before.(忘记见过他，已做) -stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事：stop doing sth.停止正在做的事 He stopped to have a rest.(停下正在做的事，去休息) He stopped talking when the teacher came in.(停止说话这个动作) 真题再现： l.(2024广东广州期中，外研版)My mother often tells me_too much time playing video games. A.not to spend B.to not spend C.don't spend D.not spend 答案：A解析：tell sb.not to do sth.告诉某人不要做某事，spend后接doing,但本题考查 tell的用法，用todo的否定形式not to spend。 2.(2023江苏南京期末，外研版)一Would you mind_the window?It's cold outside.一Of course not. A.close B.to close C.closing 2 9年级外研版 【语法专版】 非谓语动词精讲 D.closed 答案：C 解析：mind后接doing sth,表示“介意做某事”，用closing 3.(2024 浙江杭州月考，外研版)I remember_the lights before I left the room,but they are on now. A.turn off B.to turn off C.turning off D.turned off 答案：C解析：根据“but they are on now”可知，“我记得关过灯（但现在灯亮着）”，表示 已做的动作，用remember doing sth.,选C。 重难点三：todo作目的状语与doing作伴随状语的区别讲解： 动词不定式(todo)作目的状语时，表示“为了…”，即做某事的目的，通常位于句首或句末。 To catch the early bus,.he got up at5:00.(为了赶上早班车，他五点起床) She studies hard to get good grades..(她努力学习是为了取得好成绩) 动名词(doig)作伴随状语时，表示与主句动作同时发生的次要动作，通常位于句首（有逗号隔 开)或句末，逻辑主语与主句主语一致。 He walked in the park,singing a song.(他在公园散步，同时唱着歌) Smiling,she greeted her friends.(她微笑着和朋友们打招呼) 真题再现： 1.(2024湖北武汉期末，外研版)He stayed up late last night_prepare for the exam. A.in order to B.so that C.because D.and 答案：A解析：“熬夜”的目的是“准备考试”，to prepare或in order to prepare作目的状语， so that后接从句，because表原因，and表并列，故选A。 2.（2023 四川成都月考，外研版)The girl sat by the window,a book. A.read B.to read C.reading D.reads 答案：C解析：“坐在窗边”和“看书”是同时发生的动作，用reading作伴随状语，逻辑 主语the girl与reading是主动关系。 3 9年级外研版 【语法专版】 非谓语动词精讲 重难点四：todo作宾语补足语与doing作宾语补足语的区别讲解： 1.todo作宾语补足语（常见结构：主语+谓语+宾语+todo):表示宾语发出的动作具有“完 整性、一次性”，常见动词有ask,tell,want,teach,.allow,order,wam等，即“要求、告诉、想 要、教、允许、命令、警告某人做某事”，被动语态中0不能省略。 The teacher asked us to finish the work on time.(ask sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事) We were told to be quiet..(被动语态，to不能省略) 2.doing作宾语补足语（常见结构：主语+谓语+宾语+doing):表示宾语发出的动作具有“持 续性、正在进行”，常见动词有see,hear,watch,.notice,.find,keep,have等，即“看到、听到、观 看、注意到、发现、让某人一直做某事”。 I saw her dancing in the room.（看到她正在房间里跳舞，动作正在进行) He kept me waiting for an hour.(让我一直等了一个小时，动作持续) 真题再现： 1.(2024重庆渝中区期末，外研版)My parents often warn me一near the river A.not play B.to not play C.not to play D.don't play 答案：C解析：warn sb.not to do sth.警告某人不要做某事，动词不定式的否定形式在to前 加not。 2.（2023 陕西西安期中，外研版)Listen!Can you hear someone in the next room? A.sing B.to sing C.singing D.sang 答案：C 解析：“Listen!”提示动作正在进行，hear sb.doing sth.听到某人正在做某事，选 C。 重难点五：固定搭配中todo与doing的区别（介词后接doing/to作介词时接doing)讲解： 1.介词后接动名词(doing):常见介词in,on,at,of,for,with,without,.about,by,from等，以及固 look forward to,be used to,pay attention to,give up,think about,be good at,be interested in等，其中to为介词，后接doing。 She is good at swimming.(be good at doing sth.擅长做某事) I look forward to seeing you.(look forward to doing sth.期待做某事) 2.固定搭配中to为不定式符号接do:如want to do,.need to do,help(to)do等(help后的to可省 略)。 You need to clean your room.(need to do sth.) 9年级外研版 【语法专版】 非谓语动词精讲 易错点综合演练 L单项选择（直击重难点) 1.It's important enough sleep every day. A.to get B.get C.getting D.got 2.My brother enjoysbasketball with his friends after school. A.play B.to play C.playing D.plays 3.Remember the door before you leave the classroom. A.lock B.to lock C.locking D.locked 4.We noticed a girl in the park when we passed by. A.dance B.to dance C.dancing D.dances Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化句型结构）》 1.He decided (study)harder to improve his English. 2.She practices(speak)English every morning. 3.Don't forget(turn)off the lights when you go out. 4.I saw Tom (run)on the playground just now. ⅢⅡ短文填空（综合运用非谓语动词） 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺。 Linda loves(read)books.She usually spends two hours (read)every day.Last week,her teacher asked her(write)a book report.She tried(finish)it on time,but she forgot(bring)it to school this morning.Her teacher told her(not worry)and asked her (hand)it in tomorrow.Linda hopes (get)a good grade for her report. V.连词成句（聚焦句型结构） 9年级外研版 【语法专版】 非谓语动词精讲 1.to,she,learn,wants,swimming ( 2.mind,you,opening,the window(?) 3.stop,to,let's,a rest,have() 4.my mother,me,told,TV,not,watch,too much,to (. 5.is,good for,health,exercising ( V.按要求改写句子（巩固非谓语动词用法） 1.He likes playing football.(对划线部分提问) 2.My father told me to clean my room.(改为否定句) 3.She finished doing her homework.(改为一般疑问句) 4.I remember seeing him yesterday.(改为否定句) 参考答案 1单项选择：1.A2.C3.B4.C Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空：l.to study2.speaking3.to turn 4.running Ⅲ.短文填空： 1.reading 2.reading 3.to write 4.to finish 5.to bring 6.not to worry 7.to hand 8.to get IV.连词成句： 1.She wants to learn swimming. 2.Do you mind opening the window? 3.Let's stop to have a rest. 4.My mother told me not to watch too much TV. 6 9年级外研版 【语法专版】 非谓语动词精讲 5.Exercising is good for health V.按要求改写句子： 1.What does he like doing? 2.My father told me not to clean my room 3.Did she finish doing her homework? 4.I don't remember seeing him yesterday. 7