动词时态和被动语态复习-2025-2026学年九年级英语下册语法重难点精讲（外研版）

9年级外研版 【寒假专版】 9年级重难点精讲 寒假专版 【语法专题】动词时态和被动语态专项复习 初中外研版9年级 语法精讲 语法概述：动词时态=表示动作发生的时间和状态，包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、 现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时等；被动语态=主语是动作的承受者，结构为“b+及物 动词的过去分词”，可用于各种时态。 重难点讲解 重难点一：一般现在时与现在进行时的用法区别讲解： 般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态，或客观真理、事实。常与频度副词(always,.usually, often,sometimes,never)或时间状语(every day,on Sundays)连用，动词用原形（主语三单时用 第三人称单数形式)。 She usually gets up at6:30am.（习惯性动作) The earth goes around the sun.(客观真理) 现在进行时表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作，常与now,at the moment,.Look!,Listen!等词 连用，结构为“be(am/is/are)+动词-ing形式”。 Listen!Someone is singing in the next room.(此刻正在进行) They are studying for the exam these days.(现阶段正在进行) 真题再现： 1.(2024 北京朝阳区期中，外研版)My father newspapers every morning. A.read B.reads C.is reading D.will read 答案：B解析：every morning表示习惯性动作，用一般现在时，主语My father是第三人称 单数，动词用reads。 2.(2023 上海徐汇区月考，外研版)一What are you doing now?I_my homework A.do B.does 9年级外研版 【寒假专版】 9年级重难点精讲 C.am doing D.will do 答案：C 解析：now表示此刻正在进行的动作，用现在进行时，结构为am doing。 重难点二：一般过去时的不规则动词变化及时间状语讲解： 般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与yesterday,last week,two days ago,in 2020等明确的过去时间状语连用。规则动词过去式加-ed,不规则动词需特殊记忆（如go-went, eat-ate,see-saw,take-took等)。 She went to Beijing last summer.(不规则动词) They played basketball yesterday afternoon.(规则动词) 真题再现： l.(2024广东广州期末，外研版)He_to the Great Wall with his parents two years ago. A.go B.goes C.went D.will go 答案：C 解析：two years ago是过去时间状语，用一般过去时，go的过去式是went。 2.(2023江苏南京期中，外研版)My mother一dinner for us an hour ago. A.cook B.cooks C.cooked D.is cooking 答案：C解析：an hour ago表示过去时间，用一般过去时，cook的过去式是cooked。 重难点三：现在完成时与一般过去时的区别讲解： 现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或动作从过去持续到现在，常与 already,yet,ever,never,.for+时间段，since+时间点/句子连用，结构为“have/has+过去分词”。 I have already finished my homework.(过去动作对现在的影响：现在作业已完成) He has lived here for ten years..(动作从过去持续到现在) 一般过去时仅表示过去发生的动作或状态，与现在无关，常与具体过去时间状语连用。 I finished my homework yesterday..(仅说明昨天完成作业，与现在无关) 真题再现： 1.(2024浙江杭州期末，外研版)一you ever_to Shanghai?-Yes,I went there last year. A.Have;been 2 9年级外研版 【寒假专版】 9年级重难点精讲 B.Did;go C.Will;go D.Do;go 答案：A解析：evr是现在完成时的标志词，询问“是否去过上海”（过去经历对现在的影 响)，用Have been。 2.(2023 四川成都期中，外研版)My brother_the army in2020 and he is still a soldier now. A.joins B.joined C.has joined D.will join 答案：B解析：in2020是具体过去时间，仅说明过去参军的动作，用一般过去时joined。 重难点四：被动语态的构成及用法讲解： 被动语态表示动作的承受者，结构为“be+过去分词”，时态通过be动词体现（一般现在时： am/is/are+过去分词：一般过去时：was/were+过去分词：一般将来时：will be+过去分词)。当 不知道动作执行者或强调动作承受者时使用。 English is spoken by many people.(一般现在时被动语态) The bridge was built last year.(一般过去时被动语态) A new hospital will be built here next year..(一般将来时被动语态) 真题再现： 1.(2024湖北武汉月考，外研版)This book_by Mo Yan.Many people like it.. A.writes B.wrote C.is written D.was written 答案：D解析：书是被莫言写的，且“写”发生在过去，用一般过去时被动语态was written。 2.(2023 陕西西安期末，外研版)A lot of trees_in our city every spring. A.plant B.are planted C.planted D.will plant 答案：B解析：trees是动作承受者，every spring表示经常性动作，用一般现在时被动语态 are planted。. 重难点五：主动语态变被动语态的方法讲解： 主动语态变被动语态步骤：1.将主动句宾语变为主语；2.谓语动词变为“b+过去分词”（时态 9年级外研版 【寒假专版】 9年级重难点精讲 与主动句一致)：3.主动句主语变为by的宾语（可省略）。 主动：They make cars in this factory. 被动：Cars are made (by them)in this factory.(一般现在时) 主动：He bought a new bike yesterday. 被动：A new bike was bought (by him)yesterday..(一般过去时) 真题再现： 1.(2024福建福州期中，外研版)People grow rice in the south of China.(改为被动语态) in the south of China. 答案：Rice is grown解析：主动句宾语ice变为主语，一般现在时被动语态用is grown。 2.(2023河南郑州期末，外研版)My father repaired the computer last weekend.(改为被动语态) The computer by my father last weekend. 答案：was repaired解析：一般过去时被动语态，主语computer是单数，用was repaired。 易错点综合演练 L单项选择（直击重难点） 1.My father oftennewspapers after dinner. A.read B.reads C.is reading D.will read 2.-Listen!Who in the next room?-Maybe it's Lily. A.sing B.sings C.is singing D.sang 3.He to the park with his friends yesterday. A.go B.goes C.went D.will go 9年级外研版 【寒假专版】9年级重难点精讲 4.This story by a famous writer many years ago. A.writes B.wrote C.is written D.was written Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化句型结构） 1.She usually(get)up at 6:00 a.m.every day. 2.Look!The children(play)football on the playground now. 3.My brother(see)a movie with his friends last weekend. 4.English(speak)by many people around the world. 血.短文填空（综合运用时态） 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺。 Tom is a student.He(get)up at 6:30 every morning.He(have)breakfast at 7:00.Now he(read) English in his room.He(go)to school at 7:40 yesterday.His favorite subject is English,and he (learn)it for five years. V.连词成句（聚焦句型结构） 1.usually,my,mother,cooks,dinner,in,the,evening,(. 2.is,what,she,doing,now,(? 3.they,to,the,zoo,went,last,Sunday,( 4.this,book,by,was,written,Lu Xun,( V.按要求改写句子（巩固语法知识） l.He plays basketball every afternoon.(改为现在进行时) 2.They finished their homework an hour ago.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答) 3.We have lived here for ten years..(对划线部分提问) 4.People grow vegetables in this garden.(改为被动语态) 9年级外研版 【寒假专版】9年级重难点精讲 参考答案 I.单项选择：1B2.C3.C4.D Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空：1gets2.are playing3.saw4.is spoken 皿.短文填空： 1.gets 2.has 3.is reading 4.went 5.has learned V.连词成句： 1.My mother usually cooks dinner in the evening. 2.What is she doing now? 3.They went to the zoo last Sunday. 4.This book was written by Lu Xun. V.按要求改写句子： 1.He is playing basketball now. 2.Did they finish their homework an hour ago?Yes,they did. 3.How long have you lived here? 4.Vegetables are grown in this garden 6