非谓语动词综合不定式动名词分词高频用法对比-2025-2026学年九年级英语下册语法重难点精讲（沪外版）

9年级沪外版 【语法专版】 非谓语动词精讲 语法专版 【语法专题】非谓语动词综合专项突破 初中沪外版9年级 语法精讲 语法概述：初中沪外版9年级非谓语动词综合：不定式/动名词/分词高频用法对比=不充当谓语 的动词形式，包括不定式(to+动词原形)、动名词（动词+ig,具有名词性质）、分词（现在分词 动词+ing表主动/进行，过去分词动词+ed表被动/完成)，在句中可作主语、宾语、定语、状语、 表语等成分。 重难点讲解 重难点一：不定式与动名词作主语的区别讲解： 不定式(too)作主语时，常表示具体的、一次性的或未来的动作，多位于句首或用t作形式主 语置于句首，不定式短语后置。 To learn English well is important..（具体动作) It is necessary to finish the work today..(形式主语it代替不定式) 动名词(doig)作主语时，常表示抽象的、习惯性的或泛指的动作，通常直接位于句首。 Swimming is good for health.(习惯性动作) Reading aloud helps improve pronunciation.(泛指行为) 真题再现： 1.(2024上海浦东区期末，沪外版)English movies is a good way to learn English. A.Watch B.Watching C.To watch D.Watched 答案：B解析：句意为“看英语电影是学英语的好方法”，表示习惯性行为，用动名词作主 语。 2.(2023江苏苏州期中，沪外版)It is important_on time for the meeting. A.arrive B.arriving C.to arrive D.arrived 9年级沪外版 【语法专版】 非谓语动词精讲 答案：C解析：it作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语to arrive on time,用不定式表具体 动作。 重难点二：分词作定语的用法及区别讲解： 现在分词(doig)作定语时，与被修饰词是主动关系，且动作正在进行或表示事物的性质（如 “令人…的”)。 The running water is very clear.(主动关系，动作进行) This is an interesting story..(表示事物性质) 过去分词(done)作定语时，与被修饰词是被动关系，或动作已完成。 The broken window was repaired yesterday.(被动关系，动作完成) I have a book written by Mo Yan.(被动关系) 真题再现： 1.(2024浙江宁波月考，沪外版)Look at the girl..She is dancing happily. A.smile B.smiling C.smiled D.to smile 答案：B解析：girl与smile是主动关系，用现在分词smiling作定语，意为“微笑的女孩”。 2.(2023 安徽合肥期末，沪外版)The letters need to be sent out today. A.write B.writing C.written D.to write 答案：C解析：letters与write是被动关系，用过去分词written作定语，意为“写好的信”。 重难点三：非谓语动词作宾语补足语的用法对比讲解： 不定式(todo)作宾补时，强调动作的全过程或未发生的动作，常用于ask/tell/want等动词后（主 动语态to可省略的情况：使役动词let/make/have和感官动词see/hear等)。 My mother asked me to clean my room.(全过程) I saw him go out just now.(省略to,感官动词see后) 现在分词(doig)作宾补时，强调动作正在进行，与宾语是主动关系。 I heard her singing in the next room.(动作正在进行) 过去分词(done)作宾补时，强调动作已完成或与宾语是被动关系。 I want the work finished by Friday.(被动关系，动作完成) 真题再现： 1.(2024福建厦门期中，沪外版)My teacher often tells us more books in our free time 2 9年级沪外版 【语法专版】 非谓语动词精讲 A.read B.reading C.to read D.readed 答案：C 解析：tell后接不定式作宾补，构成tell sb.to do sth.结构，意为“告诉某人做某 事”。 2.(2023江西南昌期末，沪外版)When I passed the park,I saw some children_kites A.fly B.flying C.to fly D.flown 答案：B 解析：“看见孩子们正在放风筝”，强调动作正在进行，用现在分词fyg作宾补。 重难点四：非谓语动词作状语的用法区别讲解： 不定式(todo)作状语时，常表目的、结果（常与oly连用）或原因（位于形容词后）。 He got up early to catch the first bus.(目的) He hurried to the station only to find the train had left.( I’m glad to see you.(原因) 现在分词(dog)作状语时，表主动关系，可表时间、原因、伴随等，与主句主语是主谓关系。 Walking in the park,I met an old friend.(时间，主动关系) Being ill,.he didn't go to school.(原因) 过去分词(done)作状语时，表被动关系，与主句主语是动宾关系。 Seen from the hill,the city looks beautiful.(被动关系) 真题再现： 1.(2024湖北武汉月考，沪外版)the homework,he went out to play basketball.. A.Finish B.Finishing C.Finished D.To finish 答案：B 解析：“完成作业后，他出去打篮球”，he与finish是主动关系，用现在分词作时 间状语。 2.(2o23湖南长沙期末，沪外版)by the teacher,he felt very happy. A.Praise B.Praising C.Praised D.To praise 答案：C解析：“被老师表扬后，他感到很高兴”，he与praise是被动关系，用过去分词作 3 9年级沪外版 【语法专版】 非谓语动词精讲 原因状语。 重难点五：非谓语动词的否定形式讲解： 不定式的否定：not+todo He decided not to go to the party. 动名词的否定：not+doing Not studying hard leads to failure 分词的否定：not+doing/done Not knowing the way,he asked a policeman for help.(现在分词否定) Not invited,she felt sad.(过去分词否定) 真题再现： 1.(2024四川成都期中，沪外版)He promised_late again. A.not be B.not to be C.don'tbe D.not being 答案：B解析：promise后接不定式，否定形式为not to do,故选not to be。. 2.(2023广东广州期末，沪外版)_enough time,we can finish the task. A.Not having B.Having not C.Not have D.Not to have 答案：A解析：“没有足够的时间，我们无法完成任务”，we与have是主动关系，现在分 词否定形式为not having。 易错点综合演练 L单项选择（直击重难点） 1.in the morning is a good habit for health. A.Run B.Running C.Torun D.Ran 2.I find it easy English grammar if you practice every day A.learn 4 9年级沪外版 【语法专版】 非谓语动词精讲 B.learning C.to learn D.learned 3.The child was helped by a kind man after getting lost. A.cry B.crying C.cried D.to cry 4.My parents asked metoo much time playing computer games. A.not spend B.not spending C.not to spend D.not spent Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化句型结构） 1.(swim)is one of the best ways to exercise. 2.She wants her son(finish)the homework before dinner. 3.The story(write)by Lu Xun is still popular today. 4.I heard someone(sing)in the next room when I passed by. Ⅱ.短文填空（综合运用非谓语动词） 用所给词的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺。 (read)books can open up a new world for us.Last week,I finished a book(call)*The Little Prince*.It tells a story about a prince(travel)to different planets.The book makes me want(learn) more about the universe.My teacher advised me(share)it with my classmates.Now,many of us are interested in (discuss)the book after class V.连词成句（聚焦句型结构） 1.important,is,it,English,well,to,learn,(. 2.the,boy,a,is,story,telling,interesting,(. 3.asked,mother,me,my,the,room,clean,to,(. 4.seen,from,top,the,hill,city,beautiful,looks,the,( V.按要求改写句子（巩固非谓语动词用法） 5 9年级沪外版 【语法专版】 非谓语动词精讲 l.He likes playing basketball after school.(对划线部分提问) 2.The girl is reading a book.The book was written by J.K.Rowling.(合并为一句) 3.My father told me to turn off the lights.(改为否定句) 4.We should plant more trees to protect the environment..(对划线部分提间) 综合演练参考答案 I.单项选择：1B2.C3B4.C Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空：1.Swimming2.to finish 3.written 4.singing Ⅲ.短文填空： 1.Reading 2.called 3.traveling 4.to learn 5.to share 6.discussing V.连词成句： 1.It is important to learn English well. 2.The boy is telling an interesting story. 3.My mother asked me to clean the room. 4.Seen from the top of the hill,the city looks beautiful. V.按要求改写句子： 1.What does he like doing after school? 2.The girl is reading a book written by J.K.Rowling. 3.My father told me not to turn off the lights. 4.Why should we plant more trees? 6