Unit 1 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas(Ⅰ)-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册五维课堂课时作业word

[主题阅读] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A What do literary greats Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and Robert Burns have in common? They both lived and wrote in Edinburgh, along with many other big names in the field of literature. This fact helped UNESCO (联合国教科文组织)award the city the title of World's First City of Literature on October 14. Edinburgh left a lasting impression on Arthur Conan Doyle (1859­1930). Although he was born there he went to school in England but returned home for medical school. After graduating he moved to London and began writing his Sherlock Holmes stories. His inspiration for the character came from one of his professors at university. Holmes' methods were so clever that they actually furthered the advance of the study of criminology (犯罪学)． Robert Burns (1759­1796)is still regarded as Scotland's national poet, more than 200 years after his death. He is celebrated all over the world through translations of his work and the annual Burns Night supper on his birthday. One of his songs, My Love is Like a Red Red Rose ranks among the finest love songs ever written and Auld Lang Syne(《友谊地久天长》)is sung all around the world. As one of the first literate societies in Europe, the Scottish Parliament passed the world's first compulsory (义务)education law in 1496. By the 1790s, almost all Scots could read. Visitors to Scotland often observed that even the lowest members of society had copies of Burns' poems and other books. 1．Edinburgh was awarded the title of World's First City of Literature because ______. A．the first award ceremony of literature was held there. B．many literary greats like Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and Robert Burns were born there. C．it left a deep impression on many literary greats like Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. D．many literary greats like Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and Robert Burns often wrote about it. 2．Arthur Conan Doyle was remembered mainly for his ______. A．detective stories. B．love poems and songs. C．contribution to the study of criminology. D．clever writing skills. 3．In the last paragraph, the writer mainly discussed ______. A．the impression of visitors to Scotland. B．how Burns' poems are popular in Scotland. C．the possible history reasons for many literary greats in Scotland. D．how the world's first compulsory education law was made. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章简单介绍了苏格兰的文坛巨匠亚瑟·科南·道尔和罗伯特·伯恩斯以及苏格兰产生众多文学巨匠的历史渊源。 1．B　[推理判断题。根据第一段“What do literary greats Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and Robert Burns have in common? They both lived and wrote in Edinburgh, along with many other big names in the field of literature. ”可知，文坛巨匠亚瑟·科南·道尔和罗伯特·伯恩斯与文学界的其他一些名人一样， 他们两人都出生在爱丁堡，笔耕于爱丁堡。在这座城市里诞生了许许多多的作家，正因为这浓郁的书香，联合国教科文组织于10月14 日把“世界首座文学之城”的荣誉授予了爱丁堡。故选B项。] 2．A　[推理判断题。根据第二段“After graduating he moved to London and began writing his Sherlock Holmes stories. Holmes' methods were so clever that they actually furthered the advance of the study of criminology ”可知，亚瑟·科南·道尔创作了福尔摩斯故事系列，其探案方法被描绘得非常奇妙， 这让犯罪学研究也获益匪浅，得到了进一步的发展。由此推理他是以“侦探小说”而出名。故选A项。] 3．C　[主旨大意题。根据最后一段“As one of the first literate societies in Europe, the Scottish Parliament passed the world's first compulsory (义务)education law in 1496. By the 1790s, almost all Scots could read. Visitors to Scotland often observed that even the lowest members of society had copies of Burns' poems and other books.”可知，该段落主要讲解苏格兰有着许多文学大师的历史原因。故选C项。] B Many of us listen to music while we work, thinking that it will help us to concentrate on the task at hand. And in fact, recent research has found that music can have beneficial effects on creativity. When it comes to other areas of performance, however, the impact of background music is more complicated. The idea that listening to music when working is beneficial to output probably has its roots in the so­called “Mozart effect”. Put simply, this is the finding that spatial rotation performance(空间旋转能力) is increased immediately after listening to the music of Mozart, compared to no sound at all. How sound affects performance has been the topic of research for over 40 years, and is observed through a phenomenon called the irrelevant sound effect. To study irrelevant sound effect, participants in the research are asked to complete a simple task which requires them to recall a series of numbers or letters in the exact order in which they saw them. The tricky thing is being able to do this while ignoring any background noise. Two key characteristics of the irrelevant sound effect are required for its observation. First, the task must require the person to use their rehearsal abilities(复述能力), and second, the sound must contain acoustical variation(声学变化). Where the sound does not vary much acoustically, the performance of the task is much closer to that observed in quiet conditions. The irrelevant sound effect itself comes from attempting to process two sources of ordered information at the same time—one from the task and one from the sound. Unfortunately, only the former is required to successfully perform the recall task, and the effort in ensuring that irrelevant order information from the sound is not processed actually hinders(阻碍) this ability. A similar conflict is also seen when reading while in the presence of lyrical music. In this situation, the two sources of words—from the task and the sound—are in conflict. The cost is poorer performance of the task in the presence of music with lyrics. What this all means is that whether having music playing in the background helps or hinders performance depends on the task and on the type of music, and only understanding this relationship will help people maximize their productivity levels. 4．“Mozart effect” is mentioned to ________. A．explain how music can relax people B．show music can improve performance C．advise people to listen to Mozart music D．stress Mozart music gains wide attention 5．It can be inferred that participants in the research ________. A．have improved their rehearsal ability B．perform better in the quiet conditions C．ignore the background noise successfully D．prefer the music with great sound variation 6．Paragraph 6 is written to ________. A．support an idea　 B．make a contrast C．introduce a topic D．describe a fact 7．What is the best title for the passage? A．Music shapes your life B．Music develops your creativity C．Choose quiet music for your work D．Does music make you concentrate? [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述的是“音乐在工作中的效应”。我们中的许多人在工作时听音乐，认为它会帮助我们集中精力完成手头的任务。事实上，最近的研究发现，音乐可以对创造力产生有益的影响。然而，当涉及其他表演领域时，背景音乐的影响就更加复杂了。 4．B　[推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句When it comes to other areas of performance, however, the impact of background music is more complicated.“然而，当涉及其他表演领域时，背景音乐的影响就更加复杂了。”和第二段第一句The idea that listening to music when working is beneficial to output probably has its roots in the so­called “Mozart effect”．“工作时听音乐有利于产量的观点，可能根源于所谓的“莫扎特效应”。”可知，“莫扎特效应”是指音乐可以提高演奏水平。故选B。] 5．B　[推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句Where the sound does not vary much acoustically, the performance of the task is much closer to that observed in quiet conditions.“在声音变化不大的情况下，任务的性能更接近于在安静条件下观察到的性能”。 可以推断，研究参与者在安静的环境中表现得更好。故选B。] 6．A　[推理判断题。根据第六段中A similar conflict is also seen when reading while in the presence of lyrical music. In this situation, the two sources of words—from the task and the sound—are in conflict.可知，第6段是为了支持一个观点而写的。故选A。] 7．D　[主旨大意题。根据最后一段What this all means is that whether having music playing in the background helps or hinders performance depends on the task and on the type of music, and only understanding this relationship will help people maximize their productivity levels.“这一切都意味着，在后台播放音乐是有助于还是阻碍表现取决于任务和音乐类型，只有理解这种关系才能帮助人们最大化他们的生产力水平。”可知，本文主题是D项“音乐能让你集中注意力吗？”] Ⅱ.阅读七选五 How to be Naturally Funny People who are naturally funny in social situations experience many benefits. Numerous studies have shown that humor reduces social anxiety, helps to ease tension, and has a number of positive emotional and psychological effects. In addition, it has been shown that funny people may be more successful. However, it is important that being funny comes across naturally in a laid­back and spontaneous(即兴的) fashion. ___1___ 1．Start by loosening up! ___2___ Remember that laughter is contagious(可传染的), so if you carry yourself in an open and humorous way people will be ready to laugh.To break the ice, you may follow the lead of others if you need to. 2．Look for humor in everyday events. Many comedians focus on the world around them to find comedic material.___3___Try making a goal of noticing 5 funny things per day that happen to you.Through this technique，you will begin to see humor in mundane situations that everyone will appreciate. 3．___4___ We all have friends who are always good for a laugh.What is it that makes them funny? When you see them, pay careful attention to what makes them funny.Is it their tone of voice, body language, content, general demeanor, or something else that makes them naturally funny.Identifying what is that makes them funny will provide clues for how you can be naturally funny as well. 4．Practice being funny. Make it your goal to say or do something that makes someone laugh once a day.___5___Therefore, professional comedians often spend years developing their unique style.By starting small, you will be on your way to being naturally funny in general conversation. A．A good sense of humor does not appear overnight. B．Visit with a naturally funny friend or acquaintance. C．If you find something funny, share it with a friend who you think will find this funny as well. D．Having humor come across as forced and awkward can have a negative impact upon social situations. E．Others look to their past experiences, such as their childhood, or past relationships as a way to make people laugh. F．While others will not always understand your humor, you can use their reactions to help improve your style, content, and timing. G．Being too uptight and self­conscious are roadblocks to developing and communicating a natural sense of humor that is relatable to other people. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何以一种轻松、自然的方式表现出自己的风趣幽默提出了几点建议。 1．D　[由“However, it is important that being funny comes across naturally in a laid­back and spontaneous(即兴的) fashion”可知，然而，重要的是，幽默是以一种轻松、自然的方式表现出来的。所以小题1要说明让人觉得幽默是被迫的和尴尬的，会对社交场合产生负面影响。然后引出作者提出的几点建议，希望这几点建议能帮助读者摆脱被迫的和尴尬的幽默，以此对社交场合产生积极的影响。故D选项“让人觉得幽默是被迫的和尴尬的，会对社交场合产生负面影响”符合句意。故D选项切题。] 2．G　[由标题“ Start by loosening up”可知，从放松开始。所以小题2要说明，不放松会带来什么样不好的影响。故G选项“过于紧张和自我意识过强是把自然的幽默感传达给他人的障碍”符合句意。故G选项切题。] 3．E　[由“Many comedians focus on the world around them to find comedic material”可知，许多喜剧演员关注周围的世界来寻找喜剧素材。所以小题3要说明其他人是如何寻找喜剧素材的。故E选项“另一些人则把他们过去的经历，比如童年，或者过去的人际关系作为一种让人发笑的方式”符合句意。故E选项切题。] 4．B　[由“We all have friends who are always good for a laugh.What is it that makes them funny? When you see them, pay careful attention to what makes them funny.Is it their tone of voice, body language, content, general demeanor, or something else that makes them naturally funny.Identifying what is that makes them funny will provide clues for how you can be naturally funny as well.”可知，我们都有朋友，他们总是善于笑。是什么让他们这么风趣幽默？当你看到他们时，要注意是什么让他们变得风趣幽默。是他们的语调、肢体语言、内容、一般的举止，还是其他一些东西使他们风趣幽默。确定什么让他们风趣幽默，这将为你如何自然地变得风趣幽默提供线索。所以本段主要在说要想变得风趣幽默，要拜访一个天生风趣的朋友或熟人也就是小题4本段的标题所要表达的内容。故B选项“拜访一个天生风趣幽默的朋友或熟人”符合句意。故B选项切题。] 5．A　[由“Therefore, professional comedians often spend years developing their unique style.”可知，因此职业喜剧演员往往花费数年时间来形成自己独特的风格。所以小题与下一句为承接关系，来说明幽默感需要很长的时间的实践才能形成。故A选项“幽默感不是一夜之间就能表现出来的”符合句意。故A选项切题。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $