Unit 4 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas(Ⅰ)-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册五维课堂课时作业word

对应学生课时P40

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Cloud computing will be in use by about 80 percent of about 600 companies. The trend suggests that data management and storage are moving to cloud computing sellers on a large scale.

Touting(兜售)cloud computing as a way to get rid of the costs of buying and maintain in on­site information­technology equipment, sellers offer it in the form of Software AsA Service(SAAS), a delivery model in which software applications are delivered to customers over a web­based network. SAAS can serve the needs of entire companies through huge, web­based platforms. As cloud computing rapidly becomes the delivery channel for software developers of all shapes and sizes to get their products to market, offering applications in a cloud is now the rule not the exception. A relatively small number of sellers are able to offer SAAS to big companies that want company­wide cloud computing, and only the sellers need apply. Although market­share data are hard to come by, the list of company's large enough to offer cloud­computing on this scale is short: Microsoft, Amazon, Google, Salesforce, Rackspace and not many others.

The concentration of data and virtual (虚拟)computing in the hands of relatively few sellers raises an important risk for their customers if the Internet­based systems of any one seller are hacked, the result could be security problems across entire industries in which their customers do.

Can this small group of cloud­computing sellers effectively respond to the needs of their customers to quickly fix such a problem and, most importantly, cut off the damage to these companies' own customers? Don't think such things can't happen. If hackers can penetrate the Department of Defense, the risk that they will penetrate Microsoft or google cannot be ruled out.Compromise of just one of these sellers—even one with a modest market share—possibly could shut down, at least temporarily, a sizable part of the U. S. economy.

1．What can cloud computing do?

A．Reduce the cost of computers.

B．Provide software service.

C．Market various products.

D．Help companies design websites.

2．What do we know about cloud computing?

A．It works under SAAS.

B．It covers a large part of market­share.

C．Most companies can provide it.

D．Most sellers apply for it.

3．Why is the Department of Defense mentioned in the last paragraph?

A．To warn people of the hackers' power.

B．To show relationship between it and Microsoft.

C．To give an example of the country's loss.

D．To present the real picture of the U．S.economy.

4．What might be the best title for the text?

A．The Unthinkable risks of the cloud

B．Cloud Computing and Smart Sellers

C．SAAS and changing Companies

D．The Cloud Computing Age

[语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了云计算时代的到来，云计算将占据很大的市场份额，给人们提供网络服务，但是也会带来一系列的问题。

1．B　[细节理解题。根据文章第二段的句子“Touting(兜售) cloud computing as a way to get rid of the costs of buying and maintain in on­site information­technology equipment, sellers offer it in the form of Software AsA Service(SAAS)．”可知，云计算可以提供网络服务，省去了购买相关设备的成本，以软件(Software AsA Service)的形式提供，故选B。]

2．B　[细节理解题。根据文章第一段的句子“Cloud computing will be in use by about 80 percent of about 600 companies. The trend suggests that data management and storage are moving to cloud computing sellers on a large scale.”可知，云计算覆盖很大的市场份额(大约600家公司中约80%的公司将使用云计算)，在很大范围内数据处理与储存将交给云计算销售商去完成，这是一个目前的趋势，故选B。]

3．A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段的句子“If hackers can penetrate the Department of Defense, the risk that they will penetrate Microsoft or google cannot be ruled out Compromise of just one of these sellers—even one with a modest market share—possibly could shut down, at least temporarily, a sizable part of the US economy.”可知，如果黑客能够入侵美国国防部，那么不能排除黑客入侵微软或谷歌的风险，即使是市场份额不大的其中一家销售商(遭到入侵)，也有可能导致美国经济的相当大一部分遭遇暂时瘫痪。分析语境，最后一段提到国防部是为了借此警告人们黑客的力量(巨大破坏力)，故选A。]

4．D　[主旨大意题。根据全文和第一段的句子“Cloud computing will be in use by about 80 percent of about 600 companies. The trend suggests that data management and storage are moving to cloud computing sellers on a large scale.”(大约600家公司中约80%的公司将使用云计算。这一趋势表明，数据管理和存储正在大规模地转向云计算销售商)可知，文章开头提出云计算时代的美好未来，全文主要介绍云计算时代的方方面面。The Cloud Computing Age是最恰当的标题，故选D。]

B

As life in cities worldwide becomes more expensive, urban designers are using modern technology to help citizens avoid traffic jams, and shorten the time needed for bus waiting and other things. Technology is also used to cut costly waste.

In Santander, a Spanish port city, parking is easy to find. As one car drives away, an underground sensor shows that a parking space is now free. 400 sensors send messages to signs on streets, and GPS devices direct drivers to the nearest available parking spaces, reducing traffic jams. Trash is collected only when the bins are full and bus stop signs show exactly when the next bus is coming. The public parks are watered only the soil gets dry. All this is made possible by 20,000 sensors installed on buildings, street posts and even buses. They are part of the “smart city” project, launched by the University of Cantabria seven years ago.

University researchers like Luis Munoz regularly meet with locals to discuss how to make their city even smarter.“They propose when they have ideas and sometimes even develop by themselves. Here, we give them the opportunity to see these ideas happen in real life，”said Munoz. For example, the university helped a woman create an app that outlines the easiest route for walking with a baby stroller. 　Another　 provides information to residents about their water consumption and sends an alarm to their phone if there is a leak.

The Santander smart project is attracting the attention of larger cities in Europe and elsewhere that are looking for smart solutions to urban problems.

[语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了智慧城市展示了科技给人们生活带来的便利。

5．What is the life like in Santander?

A．It is meaningful.

B．It is full of freedom.

C．It is likely to change fast.

D．It is effective and convenient.

解析：D　[推理判断题。根据文章第二段第一、二句In Santander, a Spanish port city, parking is easy to find. As one car drives away, an underground sensor shows that a parking space is now free.可知，在桑坦德，停车场容易找到，一辆车离开，地下的传感器会显示现有空余车位，由此推断出在Santander的生活是高效和便捷的。故D项正确。]

6．How can residents help Munoz's job?

A．By offering some original or fresh ideas.

B．By showing him around the city.

C．By installing sensors themselves.

D．By using as little water as possible.