上海市宝山区上海市行知中学2025-2026学年高三上学期9月周练英语试卷

上海市行知中学2025-2026学年高三上学期9月周练 英语试卷 II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A: Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Medieval Manners While I was growing up, "keep your elbows off the table" was a common remark at dinner time. But, as I learned in our recent podcast episode with medieval historian and author Cybulskie, such remarks have a long history—(21) ______ (date) all the way back to the Middle Ages. In the medieval period, manners proved more important than today and (22) ______ (prize) particularly by social climbers, because a firm grasp of manners was a way of standing out from the crowd: "It showed you were worldly and educated, and ready to hang out (23) ______ the most important people of the day." But what would have ingratiated (讨好) you with a medieval host, and what kinds of social faux pas (失礼) would have ensured (24) ______ you were never invited back? Practising good hygiene was key, particularly when it came to the dinner table. In this era, dining was a much (25) ______ (intimate) experience, according to Cybulskie, than it is today. When sharing a meal with a dining partner, you would also be sharing cups and plates. "Don't blow your nose at the table, or wipe your face on the tablecloth," Cybulskie advised. In addition to listing some behaviour (26) ______ (avoid), Cybulskie shared tips on how to be an attentive dining partner. "You would want to give the best portions of food to your partner at the table," she said, "and make sure they were comfortable and well taken care of." Such social codes were set out in handbooks at the time, one of (27) ______, The Book of the Civilised Man, written in the early 14th century, was aimed at boys and young men—and, with advice (28) ______ (tailor) to this audience, warned its young readers against "making bodily function jokes at the table". Social conventions extended beyond the dining hall. When visiting someone's house, for instance, it was considered fashionable to wash your hands on arrival, (29) ______ you didn't bring dirt or grime inside. Though this is one custom that is in line with us in the 21st century, others feel decidedly medieval: one book asks readers "to make sure you (30) ______ (get) down from your horse before entering someone's house". Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. adoringly B. charging C. exhausting D. festive E. gifting F. packaged G. physically H. registry I. stress J. transfer K. venue Wedding Bills Growing up, little girls are brainwashed into believing that their wedding is the most important day of their lives. You're supposed to dream about it since childhood and when your big day finally arrives, walk like a princess with all your friends and family dressed to the nines, watching (31) ______ in the audience. But real life isn't directed by Disney and in reality, weddings are anything but the fairy tale day that we were taught to believe. In China, weddings are (32) ______ more often than not, it's a money-making event not just for the wedding planner, but also for the bride and groom. It's all a transaction (33) ______ in a white veil (面纱). So how's a typical wedding in China different? First of all, in China, the groom's family is expected to pay for the wedding. Weddings in China tend to be massive events, and the (34) ______ culture and local belief that the more people come to celebrate the more luck the couple will have plays a huge part in that. In the US, it's common for the couple to have a gift (35) ______. But in China, you bring cash in red envelopes. In recent years some bridesmaids have even been seen wearing QR codes around their necks for wedding guests to scan to (36) ______ their wedding gift money. Online, some have praised this trend as providing safety and convenience for the couple. Others call it tacky (俗气), comparing it to (37) ______ an admission fee to watch a spectacle. One bride admitted to me that her guest list for 40 tables consisted of friends, family and acquaintances she knew would be generous. It's also an unspoken custom in China that even if you can't (38) ______ attend someone's wedding, your money is expected to make an appearance. Moving on to the wedding photos. In China when you arrive at the (39) ______, you'll most likely see a giant poster of the couple in their wedding clothes. Here, there's no such thing as bad luck for the groom to see the bride in her wedding dress before the big day so most couples would take their wedding photos in a studio in advance. To be frank, I find this the most reasonable way to do it. It's already enough (40) ______ on the wedding day, so why add to it by throwing a photo shoot in there too? III. Reading Comprehension (45分) Section A (每题1分,共15分) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. "It's almost a moral duty that museums should be free," said Glenn Lowry, director of the Museum of Modern Art (MOMA) in 2002, when a ticket to MOMA cost $12. In October MOMA started charging $30, the latest in a series of price (41) ______ involving the Metropolitan Museum, the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art and so on. Higher energy and labour costs have pushed up ticket prices in Europe, too. Prices have remained (42) ______ only in Asia and the Middle East, where museums are younger and state funding is especially generous. Ticket fees may seem high, particularly in destination cities where tourists are (43) ______ to be discouraged by spending a few more dollars. But whatever museums (44) ______, it is not covering their operating costs. The Association of Art Museum Directors reported in 2018 that ticket sales contributed on average just 7% of total (45) ______ at American art museums. Memberships accounted another 7%. The (46) ______ of budgets usually come from charitable donations, grants and retail operations. European museums are less (47) ______ admissions fees, because they are often heavily subsidized (补助) by governments. All national institutions in Britain offer free admission, as do most state-run museums in China while in America some 30% are free. Some observers have repeated Mr Lowry's call for museums to stop charging for (48) ______ entirely. (49) ______ prices go against museums' goal of sharing art with a more diverse public. They could also speed up the already steep decline in the share of Americans attending museums and galleries. Declining public interest is a challenge for institutions that rely heavily on public support. Those who choose not to visit a museum today may be the people who (50) ______ government subsidies or refuse to write personal cheques as sponsors in a few years. Those who spend time inside museums' galleries are more likely to grasp their richness and want to (51) ______ their own riches in them. Yet significantly reducing costs may not actually do much to (52) ______ new audiences either. If tickets were free, "people who typically come anyway might come more often. (53) ______ that, you're not really changing your demographic (观众结构), says an economist who studies pricing in the arts. He (54) ______ museums to the best American university: Harvard could afford to make tuition free for all, but many wealthy students who do not need the gift would be among the biggest beneficiaries (受益者). As museums throughout the West debate what price is right, most are unlikely to conclude the answer is (55) ______, "moral duty" or not. 41. A. lists　　　　B. rises　　　　　C. controls　　　　D. wars 42. A. ascending　 B. flexible　　　　C. awe-inspiring　D. stable 43. A. unlikely　　B. supposed　　　 C. dissatisfied　　 D. bound 44. A. promote　　B. submit　　　　 C. charge　　　　 D. exhibit 45. A. attendance　B. donation　　　 C. operation　　　D. revenue 46. A. motivation　B. remainder　　　C. generosity　　 D. mixture 47. A. reliant on　 B. resistant to　　C. pessimistic about D. tolerant of 48. A. survival　　B. budgets　　　　C. collections　　D. admission 49. A. Floating　　B. Discounted　　 C. Ballooning　　D. Competitive 50. A. contribute to B. vote against　 C. count on　　　D. despair of 51. A. invest　　　B. evaluate　　　 C. anchor　　　　D. assemble 52. A. discourage　B. relieve　　　　C. attract　　　　D. entitle 53. A. With a view to　B. Apart from　　C. Contrary to　　D. For fear of 54. A. credits　　　　B. attaches　　　 C. refers　　　　 D. compares 55. A. zero　　　　　B. both　　　　　C. wrong　　　　 D. above Section B (每题2分,共22分) Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Sia Godika was 13 when she noticed the barefoot children of construction workers at a building site near her house in the upscale Koramangala district of Bangalore, India. "They were just walking around that building site with their feet bare, hard, dirty and bleeding, as though it was an everyday practice for them," reflects Sia, now 17. And it was in that moment that Sia realised the troubling contrast to her own privilege. She went back home, looked at her tender feet and opened her wardrobe doors, seeing shoes — many of which hadn't been worn for months or years—piled up high. She headed to her mother's wardrobe next, literally dusting off cobwebs from some shoes. Then she rushed to give them all away to the same children she saw at the building site. Later that year, with the help of her parents and community volunteers, Sia founded Sole Warriors, a charity dedicated to providing footwear to those in need, epitomised by its motto: "Donate a sole, save a soul." The idea, which started as a dinner conversation with her parents, quickly grew. After she spread the word with posters and social media, enquiries from people who wanted to help came flooding in. Now in its fifth year, the organisation runs distribution drives in which Sole Warriors collects used footwear, refurbishes (翻新) it and donates the finished products to people in need. That need, says Sia, is endless. In a world where the poorest half of the population owns just two per cent of the wealth, an estimated 300 million people can't afford footwear. Of the nearly 24 billion shoes made every year, shockingly more than 90 per cent end up in landfills. In its first distribution drive, Sole Warriors collected and gave out 700 pairs of shoes. Today that number stands at around 28,000 across four countries, including the United States, China and Liberia, thanks to the hard work of a core team of about 80 volunteers. But the organisation's growth wasn't without its challenges. When it came to looking for collaborators, such as a company that would do the refurbishments free of charge, Sia faced one obstacle after another before finding a partner in India's Pressto Cobbler. In recognition of her impact, in 2021 Sia was given the Diana Award, one of the most prestigious (声誉高的) honours a young person can receive for social action or humanitarian work. But her work isn't done. "Our goal has always been to touch a million feet," she says. 56. ______ inspired Sia to donate shoes to the children at the building site. A. Her privilege to live in an upscale community B. Her parents' and community volunteers' help C. The sight of children without wearing shoes D. The piles of shoes in her parent' wardrobes 57. The underlined word "epitomized" in para 4 can be replaced with ______. A. symbolized　　B. nicknamed　　C. sustained　　D. founded 58. What can be inferred about Sia's charitable cause? A. Sia was awarded Diana Award for her cause at 20. B. Sia's project recycles 90% of used shoes in landfills. C. Sia conquered many challenges posed by Pressto Cobbler. D. Sia is ambitious to expand her project by donating more shoes. 59. Which of the following is probably the best title of the passage? A. Miseries at Indian Building Site B. Walking in Someone else's Shoes C. Favourite for the Diana Award D. Mission Achieved by Perseverance (B) Fact or Myth? WAKING A SLEEPWALKER IS BAD FOR THEIR HEALTH ① Sleepwalking typically occurs during the non-rapid eye movement stage of sleep. Several factors can lead to walking while sleeping, including alcohol use, stress and even brain injury. However, there is a genetic explanation for sleepwalking. Studies have shown that children with one or both sleepwalking parents are 40 to 60 per cent more likely to sleepwalk themselves. As for the consequences of waking a sleepwalker, there is no evidence that it will hurt or harm him, but will likely cause disorientation and confusion. 61. ________ LYING ON YOUR BACK MAKES YOU SNORE MORE ② Snoring, namely breathing noisily, is caused by airflow being restricted through the body's airways during sleep. When you lie on your back, gravity pulls tissues that surround your airways downwards, narrowing them. As air passes through the passage through the nose, it causes tissue to vibrate (振动) with every breath and can create a snoring sound. When you sleep on your side this tissue doesn't move downwards, opening up the airways and reducing the volume of snoring. YOU ONLY USE TEN PERCENT OF YOUR BRAIN ③ This common theory in question dates back to the early 1900s, when the philosopher and founder of American psychology William James suggested that we only use a small portion of our potential. In a 1907 paper titled The Energies of Men, James wrote: "We are making use of only a small part of our possible mental and physical resources." It's sustained by a book How to Win Friends and Influence People, where American writer Lowell Thomas wrote that the "professor William James of Harvard used to say that the average person develops only ten per cent of his potential mental ability". However, the truth is that your brain is firing on all cylinders (气缸) and not limited to just ten percent of its power. 60. Which section of a magazine does this passage probably belong to? A. Educational features. B. Medical science. C. Psychology forum. D. Classified ads. 61. Which of the following pictures best illustrates SNORING SCIENCE? 62. Which of the following best fits into the numbered blanks ①—②—③? A. MYTH—FACT—FACT B. FACT—MYTH—FACT C. MYTH—FACT—MYTH D. FACT—MYTH—MYTH (C) Cook's Last Tour Until recently Captain James Cook was not a particularly controversial figure. But in January a statue of the 18th-century British explorer was pushed over in Melbourne and the words "The colony will fall" painted on the base. In Hawaii a monument in Cook's memory has been covered with red paint and the message "You are on native land." Cook has joined Edward Colston and Cecil Rhodes as a focus of anti-colonialist anger. Yet Cook was neither a slave trader nor much of an imperialist. He was, first and foremost, a brilliant navigator and mapmaker. Acting under government orders, he undertook three pioneering voyages in the Pacific between 1768 and 1779. His map-making transformed Europeans' knowledge of the world's largest ocean. An excellent new book draws on Cook's letters and notebooks to tell the story of his third and final trip. Cook was almost 50 when he set off on HMS Resolution in July 1776. Cook had secret instructions from the government not only to claim new territory for Britain, but to search for a north-west passage via the Bering Strait, a task even someone with his navigational experience found impossible. The author, Hampton Sides, focuses on Cook's return to Australia and New Zealand — countries the explorer had first encountered almost a decade earlier — his discovery of the Society Islands and his time in Hawaii. It was there, in February 1779, that he was killed after a failed attempt to kidnap a local chief in response to the theft of a longboat. Cook was a man of his era. He believed Europe would have a civilising influence on many benighted (愚昧无知的) folk in the Pacific. He was cruel when carrying out punishments to his own crew as well as to any native people who opposed him. At the same time, Cook admired many of the people and places he encountered in the South Pacific. Unlike the Spanish, he had no interest in religious conversion. He tried hard to stop his men from spreading disease. For the most part, his land claims were aimed not at promoting a British empire but preventing grabs by its rivals, France and Spain. As the author makes clear, there is a balance to be struck between justified admiration for Cook's seamanship with a justifiable hatred for the colonialism that followed native peoples' first contact with Europeans. Today many Western countries are divided over how to think about such vexed legacies (棘手的后遗症). In 2020 half of Britons thought it was right that Colston's statue was removed. Cook's statue still stands in London, as does Rhodes's in Oxford. The question is whether they will enjoy their high positions much longer. 63. How do the public regard Cook currently? A. He is nobler than Colston and Rhodes. B. He is not a controversial historic figure. C. They blame the fall of the colony on him. D. Some people regard Cook as a colonialist. 64. During Cook's first voyage in the Pacific Ocean, he ______. A. landed the Society Islands and New Zealand B. commanded a warship called HMS Resolution C. searched for a route by way of the Bering Strait D. was revenged on a local chief for stealing a boat 65. Cook's behaviour can be described as ______. A. patriotic and religious B. well-intentioned and iron-handed C. charitable and moral D. rebellious and awe-inspiring 66. Which of the following does Hampton Sides, the author of a book on Cook agree with? A. It is justifiable to remove Colston's, Cook's and Rhodes's statue. B. Cook mainly aimed to expand domains by grabbing land from Spain. C. We should view Cook's adventure and British colonialism objectively. D. The vexed legacies result from division in whether to remove the statues. Section C (每题2分,共8分) Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A. Added to this, the shark is often the victim of fishing bycatch. B. The explanation behind the shape of the hammerhead's head has long been debated. C. But there is one group that everyone would immediately recognise: the hammerheads. D. The scalloped hammerhead can be distinguished by the V-shaped cut at its cephalofoil. E. As most predators at the top of the food chain operate as 'lone wolves', this is considered highly unusual behaviour. F. Doubtless, those enjoying this magnificent spectacle agree that the fins look far better on the sharks than they do floating in a bowl of soup. All Rise With just over 500 different species of shark classified, and a further two dozen waiting to be formally scientifically named, shark classification is not for the faint-hearted. (67) ______ Sporting a wide, flattened head that is uniquely shaped like a double-headed hammer, it's not hard to see how these sharks got their name. The eyes and openings at the end of the nose are located at either end of the "hammer" — or cephalofoil, as it's technically called. (68) ______ While undoubtedly giving the sharks extra lift, the cephalofoil may also help them make sharper turns in the water. The widely spaced eyes allow for effective three-D vision, while the head's broad shape also houses a sense organ operating like an underwater metal detector, it helps the predators (捕食性动物) to detect prey (猎物) hidden on or just under the sea-floor deposit. Though widespread, the scalloped (扇形的) hammerhead, one of the nine species of hammerhead, is most commonly encountered in the Hammerhead Triangle in the eastern Pacific. While it can be relatively easily observed at a number of sites, particularly around seamounts, there are only a few places where it gathers in large numbers. (69) ______ These groups of sharks tend to consist mostly of females, with the males remaining out in deeper waters. At locations such as the Hammerhead Triangle, numbers can reach into the hundreds or even, on occasion, thousands. As the sharks tend to assemble relatively close to the water's surface, this is one ocean spectacle (壮观的景象) for diver. With its fins highly prized as the key ingredient in shark-fin soup, it's no surprise that the scalloped hammerhead has experienced a dramatic population decline. Any sharks caught are often subjected to the frankly horrible treatment of 'finning', whereby fins are sliced off and the bodies thrown overboard. However, with hammerheads consistently ranking among the world's top underwater wildlife attractions, shark tourism now contributes millions towards regional economies, thereby presenting a sustainable alternative to fishing them into extinction. (70) ______ 参考答案 21. dating 22. were prized 23. with 24. that 25. more intimate 26. to be avoided 27. which 28. tailored 29. so that 30. have got 31. A 32. C 33. F 34. E 35. H 36. J 37. B 38. G 39. K 40. I 41-45BDACD 46-50 BADCB 51-55ACBDA 56. C 57. A 58. D 59. B 60. B 61. D 62. C 63. D 64. A 65. B 66. C 67. C 68. B 69. E 70. F 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $