Unit 3 Section Ⅳ Using Language & Assessing Your Progress-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册五维课堂教师用书word（人教版）

本讲义聚焦海洋探索主题的语言运用与评估，通过两篇对立观点文本构建学习支架，涵盖核心词汇（如exploit, mercy, possession）、语法（v-ing结果状语、so that目的状语从句、独立主格结构）及对比阅读策略，形成“文本输入-语言解析-练习巩固”的完整知识脉络。 该资料以对立文本为载体，融合语言能力与思维品质培养。通过词汇精讲（如address的多义用法）、语法标注（重点句型解析）及观点对比任务，提升学生文本理解与批判性思维。课中辅助教师引导观点分析，课后练习题（单词拼写、语法填空）帮助学生自主查漏补缺，强化语言知识应用。

Section Ⅳ　Using Language & Assessing Your Progress Text 1 When people talk of exploring the sea more, they usually mean exploiting it. Sea exploration has caused many problems and will continue to cause more. More exploration means more pollution. The Deepwater Horizon spilled over 200 million gallons of oil into the sea in 2010. Plastic pollution is also bad, killing many birds and fish　 [1], and has even been found in our tap water. [1]此处是v.ing 短语作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。 Mining for resources is very damaging, especially in the Arctic. Because of climate change, there is less ice now, which means we can look for more fossil fuels further north. But if we burn these, the ice will melt more and this negative cycle will continue. Climate change is warning us that something is very wrong. Overfishing is another problem. Whales and dolphins are also hunted for their meat or for so­called research. Although this was banned in 1982, some countries are still “murdering” these intelligent creatures without mercy. The sea is home to life, not human beings' possessions. It is huge, but it is more sensitive than we think. If we do not protect it, future generations will not forgive us. Text 2 To truly understand our planet, we must explore the oceans which cover most of it. Opponents may be concerned, but sea exploration is important for our future. For example, scientific research ships can help address important issues such as climate change. We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can take action.　 [2] Therefore, more research is necessary. [2]本句是主从复合句，so that 在此引导目的状语从句。 Understanding more about the sea will also help us manage its resources better. Logging new species will improve our understanding of life on the earth. It may help us discover new medicines, as well as new sources of food and energy. Accessing the deep ocean may also help us to predict events such as earthquakes. The population of the world is growing and we need new resources for future development. There are probably vast amounts of resources under the sea and ice, not just oil and gas but also valuable minerals. Of course, there are still environmental risks. However, these should be balanced with economic needs. Hopefully, as technology improves　 [3], we may have more options for managing this balance. [3]as在此引导时间状语从句。, 文章一 当人们说到加强海洋探索，他们的意思通常是开发海洋。海洋探索已带来诸多问题，(未来)也会引起更多问题。 更多的海洋探索导致污染增多。2010年，“深水地平线”向海洋泄漏了超2亿加仑的石油。塑料污染也是严重的，这导致大量鸟类和鱼类死亡，甚至在我们的自来水中都发现了塑料污染。 资源开采损害巨大，尤其是在北极地区。由于气候变化，现在冰量减少，这意味着人们可以前去更遥远的北方寻找更多的化石燃料。但是，如果我们使用这些燃料，更多的冰将会融化，这种恶性循环会持续下去。气候变化正警告我们，有些事是非常错误的。 过度捕捞是另一个问题。人类或是为了享用美食，或是打着研究的旗号，对鲸和海豚进行猎杀。虽然1982年此行为已被明令禁止，但一些国家仍在无情地“谋杀”这些智慧生物。 海洋是(所有)生物的家园，不是人类的财产。海洋广袤无垠，却又超乎想象地敏感。如我们不能保护海洋，后代将不会原谅我们。 文章二 我们要真正了解地球，就必须探索覆盖地球大部分的海洋。反对者可能感到担忧，但海洋探索对人类未来至关重要。例如，科考船可以帮助解决气候变化等重要问题。我们需要知道地球上正在发生什么，才能采取行动，因此加强海洋研究是必要的。 更多地了解海洋也有助于我们更好地管理海洋资源。记录新物种能够提高人们对地球上生物的认识。这也许能帮助我们发现新药物，找到新的食物和能源来源。潜入深海也有可能帮助我们预测地震等事件。 全球人口正在增长，我们需要新资源来推动未来发展。海洋和冰下可能蕴藏着大量的资源，除了石油和天然气，还有极富价值的矿物质。 当然，还存在环境危机。不过，化解环境危机要与满足经济需求相平衡。希望随着技术进步，人们能够拥有更多选择来调节这一平衡。 [重点单词] 1．　murder　 vt. 谋杀；凶杀；毁坏 n．谋杀，凶杀→　murderer　 n．谋杀案；杀人犯；凶手 2．　mercy　 n．仁慈；宽恕；恩惠→　merciful　 adj.仁慈的；宽容的；宽大的→　mercifully　 adv.幸运地；宽大地→　merciless　 adj. 非常残忍的 3．　possession　 n．(pl.)个人财产；拥有；控制→　possess　 vt.拥有；具有；持有 4．　opponent　 n．反对者；对手；竞争者 5．　exploit 　 vt. 开发；利用；剥削→　exploitation　 n．开发；利用；剥削；压榨 6．　log　 vt. 把……载入正式记录，记录；n.正式记录；日志；原木 7．　marine　 adj. 海的；海产的；海生的 8．　arrest　 n．逮捕；拘留；中止 vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止 [重点短语] 1．　without　 mercy 无情的，毫无怜悯的 2．be home 　to　 是……的家园 3．　take　 action 采取行动 4．vast amount 　of　 大量的 5．look 　into　 one's eyes 直视某人 6．all of 　a　 sudden 突然 7．a 　variety 　 of 大量的，各种各样的 8．　provide　 sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物 9．put... 　into　 operation 把……投入运行 10．　because of　 climate change 因为气候变化 [重点句型] 1. also 试译：　塑料污染也很糟糕，造成很多鸟类和鱼类的大批死亡，……。　 2. now, 试译：　因为气候变化，冰层面积缩小，这意味着我们可以向更远的北部寻求化石燃料。　 3. ...， 试译：　这一天以多种方式纪念，……，所有这些都是为了促进海洋保护和教育。　 [词汇精讲] 1．(教材P32)When people talk of exploring the sea more, they usually mean exploiting it. 人们谈到进一步探索海洋时，通常指的是开发它。 exploit vt. 开发；利用；剥削 ◆[佳句感知] Many countries exploit oil under the sea. 许多国家在海下开采石油。 Critics claim he exploited ordinary workers for personal gain. 批评家声称他压榨普通工人以谋求私利。 [归纳拓展]　exploitation n．开发；利用，剥削 ◆[即学即练] [翻译句子] ①Creating the future you want is a lot easier if you are ready to exploit the opportunities that come your way. 　如果你做好准备利用意外落在你头上的机会，那么创造你想要的未来会容易得多。　 ②She fully exploits the humour of her role in the play. 　她在剧中把她那个角色的幽默发挥得淋漓尽致。　 [语法填空] ③Clever 　exploitation　(exploit) of the latest technology would be a sure formula for success. 2．(教材P32)Although this was banned in 1982, some countries are still “murdering” these intelligent creatures without mercy. 虽然1982年此行为已被明令禁止，但一些国家仍在无情地“谋杀”这些智慧生物。 mercy n．[U]仁慈，宽恕；怜悯 ◆[佳句感知] The judge showed no mercy to the drunk driver.＝The judge had no mercy on the drunk driver. 法官对那个酒后驾车司机毫不宽恕。 [归纳拓展] without mercy 无情地，毫不留情地 宽恕/怜悯…… at the mercy of...任……处置，任由……摆布 merciful adj. 仁慈的，慈悲的 merciless adj. 无情的，残忍的 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] ①She is a kind­hearted woman and often 　has mercy on/shows mercy to　 (怜悯) people who are in trouble. ②They were lost at sea, 　at the mercy of　 (任由……摆布) the wind and waves. ③Grassland is destroyed 　without mercy　(无情地) so that dust storms come into being, which affect distant cities. [语法填空] ④They asked her to be 　merciful　 (mercy) to prisoners. 3．(教材P32)The sea is home to life, not human beings' possessions. 海洋是(所有)生物的家园，不是人类的财产。 possession n．[C, usually pl.]个人财产，私人物品；[U]拥有，具有 ◆[佳句感知] The ring is one of her most treasured possessions. 这只戒指是她最珍爱的物品之一。 [归纳拓展] take possession of...占有……，拥有…… (be) in possession of... 拥有…… (be) in the possession of...归……所有 possess vt.有，拥有；具有 [温馨提示] in possession of 与 in the possession of 虽只有一词之差，但含义却大不相同，前者意为“(某人)拥有(某物)”，表示主动含义；后者意为“(某物)归(某人)所有”，表示被动含义。有类似用法的短语还有： ◆[即学即练] [完成语篇](possession 的相关短语) ①With his business going on well, he was 　in possession of 　 large houses and nice cars; and later he 　took possession of 　 stocks (股票) of different companies. Then, he found that everything he dreamed of was 　in the possession of　 him. [完成句子] ②We will be 　in possession of 　 happiness if we can always appreciate what we have.(possession) ③He was left 　in charge of　 the shop while the manager was away. (charge) 4．(教材P32)For example, scientific research ships can help address important issues such as climate change. 例如，科考船可以帮助解决气候变化等重要问题。 address vt. 设法解决，处理，对付，相当于deal with；写(收信人)姓名地址，致函；演说，演讲，对……发表演说 n．地址；网址 ◆[佳句感知] We must address ourselves to the problem of traffic pollution. 我们必须设法解决交通污染问题。 [归纳拓展] address a(n) problem/question/issue 解决问题 address oneself to... 设法解决…… address... to...将……寄给…… address a meeting/conference 在会议上发表演讲 give/deliver an address 作演讲 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] ①The manager said that I should 　address my application to　 the Personnel Manager. 这位经理说我应该把我的申请信寄给人事经理。 ②The letter 　was correctly addressed　， but delivered to the wrong house. 信上的姓名地址写得都对，但被错投到另一家去了。 ③He 　addressed a meeting 　of 10,000 supporters. 他在一个有一万名支持者的会议上发表了演说。 ④The president 　gave/delivered an address　 over the radio. 总统作了个广播演说。 5．(教材P32)Accessing the deep ocean may also help us to predict events such as earthquakes. 潜入深海也有可能帮助我们预测地震等事件。 access vt.到达，进入，使用 n．机会，权利；通道，通路，入径 ◆[佳句感知] The road is closed but can be accessed by emergency vehicles. 这条路封闭了，但是应急车辆可以通过。 [归纳拓展] have/get/gain access to...拥有……的机会；可以接近/进入……(to为介词) give (sb.) access to... 准许(某人)使用或见到……(to 为介词) access to＋n. 通往……的路(to为介词) accessible adj. 可接近的，可进入的，可使用的 be accessible to sb. 能为某人接近或使用的 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] ①Across the world, about 1 billion people 　have no access to　 clean drinking water. 全世界约有10亿人喝不到干净的饮用水。 ②This site gives you instant 　access to a wide range of information　 on studying and living in the UK. 这个网站让你随时可查到关于在英国学习和居住的各种各样的信息。 ③Fallen rocks cut off 　the only access to　 the village. 坠石挡住了通往村子的唯一道路。 [语法填空] ④It is suggested that medicine should not be kept where it is 　accessible　 (access) to little children. 6．(教材P34)A $5 million reward has been announced for information leading to the arrest of those responsible for the murder. (警局)已宣布悬赏500万美元，以获取逮捕谋杀案责任人的情报。 arrest n．/C，U/逮捕；拘留；中止 vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止；抑制；吸引(注意) ◆[佳句感知] A man has been arrested in connection with the robbery. 一名男子因与这桩抢劫案有关已被逮捕。 The sufferer may have to make major changes in his or her life to arrest the disease. 患者可能必须对生活习惯作出重大调整以控制病情。 [归纳拓展] be under arrest 被捕；被拘留 arrest sb. for sth. 因……而逮捕某人 arrest one's attention 吸引某人的注意 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] ①She 　was under arrest　 on suspicion of murder. 她因涉嫌谋杀而被逮捕。 ②An unusual noise 　arrested his attention　. 一阵不寻常的嘈杂声引起了他的注意。 [翻译句子] ③Attempts are being made to arrest the spread of the disease. 　(人们)正设法控制这种疾病的蔓延。　 ④As I looked through the book, several printing mistakes arrested my sight. 　我翻阅这本书时，几处印刷错误引起了我的注意。　 [句式精析] 1．(教材P35)The day is marked in a variety of ways, including the launching of new campaigns and initiatives, and holding special events, all working to advance ocean conservation and education. 这一天以各种方式举行纪念活动，包括发起新的运动和倡议，以及举行特别活动，所有这些都是为了促进海洋保护和海洋教育。 本句结构分析如下： 独立主格结构 独立主格结构是带有自己的逻辑主语的非谓语动词分句或无动词分句。由于在语法上有自己的逻辑主语，其在结构上与主句无关系，因此称之为“独立主格结构”。其实，所谓“独立主格结构”并非真正独立，它还是一种从属分句，与主句紧密联系在一起，共同表达一个完整的意思，通常在句中作状语。独立主格结构可放在句首、句尾，用逗号和主句隔开。 独立主格结构可以分为两部分：一部分是名词或代词，起逻辑主语的作用；另一部分是非谓语动词(现在分词、过去分词、不定式)或名词、形容词、副词或介词短语，表示前面名词或代词的动作或状态。基本形式是“名词/代词＋现在分词/过去分词/不定式/名词/形容词/副词/介词短语”。 ◆[佳句感知] So many students being absent, the meeting had to be put off. 这么多学生缺席，会议不得不推迟。 His wallet having been stolen, he didn't know what to do next. 他的钱包被偷了，他不知道接下来该怎么办。 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] ①The weather 　being　 (be) fine, they decided to go out for a walk. ②The composition given by the teacher 　done　 (do) well, Alice went to watch TV. ③Everything 　taken　(take) into consideration, his work is well done. ④All his work 　finished　 (finish), he left his office at ease. ⑤The power station was built on the river, our village and some others 　supplied　 (supply) with electricity. ⑥There 　being　 (be) nothing else to do, we left. [翻译句子] ⑦时间允许的话，我们会在期末考试前复习所有的功课。 B．　Time permitting, we will review all the lessons before the final exam.　 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Having looked up the telephone 　directory　， I found Tom's phone number and telephoned him to say my plan to join the whale watching camp. 2．People often show 　mercy　 to those who are worth forgiving. 3.The judge concluded from the evidence that Jack was innocent of the 　murder　(谋杀) and should be set free. 4．Before leaving the country, you must be in 　possession　 (拥有) of a valid passport. 5．The 　opponents　(反对者) of sea exploration argue that it will destroy the ecological balance of the ocean. 6．We must make the most efficient use of the available financial 　resources　(资源)． 7．He 　exploited　(利用) his father's name to get himself a job. 8．She is very 　sensitive　 (体谅的，敏感的) to other people's feelings. Ⅱ.语法填空 1．He was fined and banned 　from　 driving for six months for drunk driving. 2．As a parent, 　assessing　 (assess) the safety of the smartwatch is a must before you decide to buy one for your kid. 3．This pen that my grandfather gave me is one of my most treasured 　possessions　 (possess)． 4．You can find one's phone number, address and name in the telephone 　directory　 (direct)． 5．It is reported that a lot of natural resources in the mountainous areas 　are being exploited　 (exploit) now. 6．A $5 million reward has been announced for information 　leading　 (lead)to the arrest of those who are responsible for the murder. 7．　To address　 (address) the issue of overtourism, we should limit the number of tourists visiting there first. 8．At that time, the investors weren't concerned 　about/for　 shortterm profits over the next few years. 9．In our country, whoever treats animals 　without　 mercy should be to blame. 10．At the World Championship, Jack defeated all his 　opponents　 (opponent) and became the champion. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．从国外引进了许多新机器，因此产量提高了。 (动词­ing形式作状语) Many new machines have been introduced from abroad，　thus increasing production　. 2．我一直希望能再次见到你，以便我们可以交流学 习经验。(so that) I have been dreaming of seeing you again, so that we can exchange learning experience　. 3．照顾老人是一种传统美德，它不仅有助于家庭幸 福，而且有助于构建和谐社会。(not just... but also... ) Caring for the elderly is a traditional virtue，which will contribute to 　not just a happy family but also a harmonious society　. 4．随着冬季的到来，越来越多的北方人选择到海南 过冬。(as) 　As winter is approaching　，more and more northerners choose to spend winter in Hainan. 5．《简·爱》是一本世界名著，深受中学生的喜爱。 (which) Jane Eyre is a world­famous masterpiece, 　 which is very popular with/among middle school students　. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $