Unit 3 Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking(Ⅱ)-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册五维课堂教师用书word（人教版）

本讲义围绕“丝绸之路”主题，系统梳理重点词汇（如tale, merchant, extend等）、核心短语（set sail, in return for等）及关键句型（what引导的名词性从句、过去分词作定语），构建从基础词汇到复杂语用的学习支架，助力学生理解历史语境中的语言运用。 该资料通过词汇辨析（如expand/extend/spread对比）培养思维品质，结合郑和下西洋等历史情境提升文化意识，即学即练设计强化语言能力。课中辅助教师高效授课，课后练习题帮助学生巩固知识，查漏补缺，实现语言学习与文化理解的深度融合。

Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking(Ⅱ) [重点单词] 1．　tale　 n．故事；叙述 2．　merchant　 n．商人；批发商 adj.海上货运的 3．　channel　 n．航运；海峡；频道 4．　maritime　 adj. 海的；海运的；海事的 5.　bond　 n. 纽带；关系vt.&vi.增强信任关系；使牢固结合 6．　withdraw　 vi.&vt.(使)撤回；撤离 7．　behold　 vt.看，看见 8．　league　 n. 等级；水平；联合会；联赛 9．　extend　 vt.扩展；使伸长；延长→　extension　 n．扩大，延长 10．　royal　 adj. 皇家的；王室的；高贵的→　royalty　 n．王室成员；版税 11．　negotiate　 vt.商定；达成(协议)→　negotiation　 n．谈判；磋商；协商 [重点短语] 1．　in a league of one's own　 独领风骚 2．　set sail　 起航；扬帆 3．　withdraw from　 (使)撤回；撤离 4．　in return for　 作为对……的报答 5．　centre around　 把……当作中心；(使)成为中心 6．　under the command of　 在……的指挥下 7．　for the benefit of...　为了……的利益 8．　from...point of view　就……而言，从……角度 [重点句型 ] 1．In ancient times, silk from China found its way overland to India, the Middle East, and Rome, along what became known as the Silk Road. 介词along 后为what 引导的名词性从句，作介词along 的宾语，what 在名词从句中作主语。 试译：　在古代，中国丝绸经由陆路运到印度、中东和罗马，这条路就是有名的“丝绸之路”。　 2．The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative. 本句为主从复合句。travelled by Zheng He 为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰routes；which 在此引导非限制性定语从句，修饰．..Silk Road。 试译：　随着作为“一带一路”倡议组成部分的“21世纪海上丝绸之路”的提出，郑和航行过的古代航道而今再度被提及。 [词汇精讲] 1．(教材P26)However, merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first did. 然而，早在哥伦布开启探险之旅多年以前，东方的商人和探险家就已从东方航行到了西方。 set sail 起航，开航 ◆[佳句感知] Zheng He set sail for the “Western Ocean” seven times between 1405 and 1433. 郑和于1405 至1433 年间七次下“西洋”。 [归纳拓展] [名师点津]　for 为介词，表示目的地，不能换成to ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] ①前往南极的中国“雪龙号”破冰船已返回上海。 China's icebreaker Xue Long which 　set sail for 　 the Antarctic has returned to Shanghai. ②我们从厦门起航去马来西亚。 We 　set sail from　 Xiamen 　for　 Malaysia. [单句写作] ③日出后不久，探险家开始向非洲起航。 　Soon after the sunrise, the explorers began to set sail for Africa.　 2．(教材P26)A trading route across the sea was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, centred around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka)． 一条横跨海洋的贸易路线，以锡兰(现在的斯里兰卡)为中心，也沿着印度洋海岸延伸。 extend vt. 使伸长，扩大，扩展；延长，使延期；扩大……的范围(或影响) [归纳拓展] extendextend a fence/road/house 扩建护栏/公路/房子extend one's stay/visit 延长停留/访问时间extend the market/operation扩大市场/业务范围extension n．/U，C/ 扩大，延伸；/C/延期；延长期extensive adj.广阔的；广大的；大量的 expand/extend/spread 易混词 区别 expand 指范围、体积的扩大。 Water expands when it freezes. 水结冰时体积变大。 extend 指空间范围的扩大，长度、宽度的延伸及时间的延长。 The show has been extended for another six weeks. 展览会又延长了六周。 spread 指向四面八方展开，也指物种、疾病、消息、思想或文化的传播。 The disease spread quickly in the village. 这种疾病在这个村庄里迅速蔓延。 ◆[即学即练] [语法填空](extend 的适当形式) ①He first entered the country on a sixmonth visa, and was given a further 　extension　 of six months. ②Scientists have carried out 　extensive　 research into the deep sea in the hope of finding new energy resources. [选词填空：expand/extend/spread] ③We have learned from the textbook that metals 　expand　 when they are heated. ④By tracking people's emails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can 　spread　 faster and farther than disasters and sob stories (伤感的故事)． ⑤You are given only half an hour to finish your speech on the subject, so you'd better not 　extend　 it too far. 3．(教材P26)Here, merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals, whith also led to more awareness of each other's cultures. 在这里，来自中国和许多其他地方的商人聚在一起洽谈贸易，也增进了对彼此文化的了解。 negotiate vt.商定；达成vi.谈判；磋商；协商 ◆[语境感知] Our English teacher is negotiating with the headmaster for the use of the library.＝Our English teacher is negotiating the use of the library with the headmaster. 我们的英语老师正在同校长协商使用图书馆的事。 [归纳拓展] negotiate (with sb.)about/for sth. 就某事(和某人)谈判negotiate a deal/contract/settlement 达成交易/确立合同/商定解决措施negotiation n. 谈判，磋商，协商enter into/open/conduct negotiations with sb. 和某人开始/展开/进行谈判in negotiation with sb.与某人协商under negotiation在协商中negotiator n．协商者，谈判代表 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] ①Activities that teach children the art of compromise help them to 　negotiate with their friends and family　 naturally. 教给孩子们妥协艺术的活动帮助他们与朋友和家人自然地协商。 ②In three separate studies, we find that men are more likely than women to 　 negotiate for what they want　. 在三项独立的研究中我们发现，男士比女士更可能就自己想要的东西进行协商。 ③Because it's based on facetoface communication, you'll have lots of room to 　negotiate a good price　. 因为它是基于面对面的交流，所以你会有许多空间来商定一个好价格。 [语法填空] ④We've decided to negotiate 　with　 you 　about　 our cooperation. ⑤They agreed to try to settle their dispute by 　negotiation　 (negotiate)． 4．(教材P26)These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of their own at that time. 这些船队在当时蔚为壮观，独领风骚。 a sight to behold 壮观的景象 ◆[佳句感知] The sunrise at the seaside was quite a sight to behold. 海滨日出是个比较壮观的景象。 [归纳拓展] [名师点津]　sights 名胜 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] ①She 　lost her sight　 in an accident. 她在一场事故中失明了。 ②It was 　my first sight　 of a robot. 这是我第一次看到机器人。 ③Never let your child 　out of your sight　 for a moment. 一刻都不能让你的孩子离开你的视线。 ④The sunrise was 　a beautiful sight　. 日出的景象很美。 ⑤Delia enjoyed 　the sights of London　. 迪莉娅很喜欢伦敦的名胜。 5．(教材P26)African royal families sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures of friendship in return for gold, silk, and spices. 非洲王室向他们赠送长颈鹿等礼物以示友好，并换取黄金、丝绸和香料。 in return for 作为对……的回报 ◆[佳句感知] I sent him a present in return for his help. 我送给他一份礼物以回报他的帮助。 [辨析比较] 易混词 区别 in return for 介词，其后要跟名词，代词或动名词。 Liz agreed to look after the baby in return for a toy plane. 利兹同意照看婴儿，条件是一个玩具飞机。 in return 副词，可以位于句首，句末或句中，“作为回报”。 He is always helping others without expecting anything in return. 他一直在不求回报地帮助别人。 in turn 副词，“转而，相应地；依次”。 The new comers spoke in turn at the first class. 新生在第一节课依次发言。 ◆[即学即练] [选择填空：in return/in turn/in return for ] ①Honesty leads to trust—trust in ourselves and in all those around us. Trust 　in turn makes confidence which we all need to overcome difficulties in life. ②We tried our best to help them 　in return for　 their kindness. ③Our teachers always do everything they can to help us, and never ask for anything 　in return　. 6．(教材P26)Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433, these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries. 尽管1433年之后，中国结束了进一步的探险，但几个世纪以来这些陆地和海上线路一直为其他文化之间的踊跃交流提供了通道。 withdrew vt.&vi. (使)撤回，撤离；(使)退出 [归纳拓展] withdrawwithdraw (...)from...(使……)从…… 撤离；(使……)从……退出withdraw money (from)(从……中)取款withdraw from... 离开……withdraw to...到…… [名师点津] withdraw 本身已经包含“……回”之意，故不能与back 连用，类似词汇： return 回来，返回；repay “付回” ◆[即学即练] [翻译句子] ①You are allowed to withdraw $ 1,000 a month from the account. 　允许你每个月从这个账户取1 000 美元。　 ②The horse was withdrawn from the race. 　那匹马被停赛了。　 ③The newspaper withdrew the remarks the next day. 　这家报纸第二天撤回了这些评价。　 [语法填空] ④He was in no mood for talking to anyone and looked for a chance to withdraw 　from　 the party. ⑤I made the choice to withdraw 　from　 the college to care for my grandma. 7．(教材P27)China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes, which will help to greatly develop the whole area for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange. 中国沿着这些路线已投资了数十亿，用于搭建系统和提供服务，这将极大地推动整个地区的发展，造福未来的贸易和文化交流。 exchange n. 交流，互动；交换，互换；调换，更换 vt. 交换，互换，更换 ◆[佳句感知] Our school does an exchange with a school in France. 我们学校与法国的一所学校进行交流。 I hugged my sister tightly and exchanged a few words with her. 我紧紧地搂住我妹妹，和她交谈了几句。 [归纳拓展] exchangean exchange student 交换生in exchange (for)作为(对……的)交换exchange sth. with sb. 和某人交换/交流某物exchange sth. for sth.用……交换/兑换…… ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] ①Nowadays more and more countries choose to engage in trade and cultural 　exchanges with China　. 如今，越来越多的国家选择与中国进行贸易和文化交流。 ②Mary is teaching me English 　in exchange for my teaching her Chinese　. 玛丽正教我英语，作为交换，我教她汉语。 ③I'll help you with your study if you would like to help me with my exercise 　in exchange　. 如果你愿意帮助我锻炼，我就帮助你学习。 ④Juliet and David 　exchanged glances　 but said nothing. 朱丽叶和戴维交换了眼神但什么也没说。 [判断exchange 的词性和含义] ⑤You can also look for book exchanges　 in your area. It's a great way to build your personal library for free！　n. 交换　 ⑥At 10：30 am we'll go to the English Corner and exchange　 ideas about language learning with the local students.　v．交流　 ⑦Where can I find the best rate of exchange　？　n．兑换　 [句式精析] 1．(教材P26)In ancient times, silk from China found its way overland to India, the Middle East, and Rome, along what became known as the Silk Road. 在古代，中国的丝绸通过陆路运达印度、中东和罗马，这条路就是有名的“丝绸之路”。 [句式分析] ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] ①这次大会超出了我的预期。 The conference was beyond 　what I had expected　. ②我无法想象昨天这里发生了什么。 I can't imagine 　what happened here yesterday　. ③我想知道的是我能做什么来帮助你学习英语。 What I want to know is 　what I can do　 to help with your English. ④让我印象最深刻的是我的家乡变化很大。 　What impresses me most　 is that my hometown has changed a lot. what 引导的名词性从句 what 引导名词性从句时，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等，表示“……的……”，相当于“the ＋n.＋that...”。 What I care is your attitude towards the matter. 我关心的是你对这件事的态度。(what 引导主语从句，在从句中作宾语) The boy dived into the water and after what seemed to be a long time, he came up again. 男孩跳进水里，过了好像很久之后，他才又从水里出来。(what 引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语) I don't know what he needs. 我不知道他需要什么。(what 引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语) In 1492, Columbus reached what is now called America. 1492年，哥伦布到达了现在所称的美洲。(what 引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语) A ship is safe in harbour, but that's not what ships are built for. 船在港口里是安全的，但那不是建造船的目的。(what 引导表语从句，在从句中作介词宾语) 2．(教材P26)The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative. 郑和走过的古航线现在正被重新开发成“21世纪海上丝绸之路”，这是“一带一路”倡议的一部分。 [句式分析] ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] ①被我儿子打破的玻璃已经被扫走了。 The glass 　broken by my son　 has been swept away. ②以西湖闻名全国的杭州已发生很大变化。 Hangzhou, 　known to the nation for　 its West Lake, has changed greatly. [句型转换] ③The poem that is being read by the actor now was written by my brother. The poem 　being read by the actor now　 was written by my brother. 过去分词作定语 ①过去分词用作定语，如果是单个分词，常置于其所修饰的名词之前；如果是过去分词短语作定语，一般置于其所修饰的名词之后，作后置定语。 ②现在分词的被动式(being done)作定语时，表示一个正在被进行的动作；过去分词(done)作定语时，表示的是一个被动或完成的动作；不定式的被动式(to be done)作定语时往往表示一个将要被进行的动作。 The power station being built now will be one of the largest in China. 现在正在建设的发电站将是中国最大的发电站之一。 The meeting being held now is of great importance. 现在正在开的会很重要。 The book written by him is very popular. 他写的那本书很受欢迎。 He can't solve such a complicated problem within 5 days. 五天内，他无法解决如此复杂的问题。 The house to be built here next year belongs to Fred. 明年将在这里建的房屋是弗雷德的。 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Life is like a 　tale　 (故事)．What matters is not how long it is, but how good it is . 2．Whether we succeed or not, we will try our best to 　negotiate　 (协商) with the company for more pay. 3．In some cultures friendship means a strong lifelong 　bond　 (关系) between two people. 4．I learned a lot about how to 　extend　 (延长) the life of objects and transform them into something new and useful. 5．They are not in the same 　league　 (水平) as the Chinese in science and technology. 6．He refused to 　withdraw　 (收回) his remarks and was fired from the company. 7．We visited the Forbidden City last weekend, which was once the 　royal　(王室的，皇家的)palace. 8．When Susan 　beheld　(看见)several familiar faces in the new school, she felt very happy. Ⅱ.选词填空 in hand, for the benefit of, reach out, set sail for, the foundation of, search for, from a scientific point of view, lead to 1．Economy is 　the foundation of 　 politics. 2．You can use a directory service to 　search for　 people on the Internet. 3．The ship 　set sail for　 Europe from Qingdao. 4．The sandstorm 　led to　 people's awareness of the environment protection. 5．The teacher fixed a recorder in the classroom 　for the benefit of　 the students who is poor in English listening. 6．　From a scientific point of view　， this kind of animals is not harmful to human beings. 7．Let's get down to the matter 　in hand　. 8．All manner of opportunities will come your way, but you must 　reach out　 for them. Ⅲ.语法填空 1．He graduated in 2001 and in the years 　to come　 (come) he did scientific research all the time. 2．The exact details of the agreement are still under 　negotiation　 (negotiate)． 3．In fact, there is much more 　left　 (leave) for human beings to explore in this field. 4．They took a bicycle trip along 　what　 is known as the Silk Road. 5．The aim of the activity is 　to raise　 (raise) money for the poor boy. 6．The young man finally got a flat of 　his　 (he) own. Ⅳ.完成句子 1．　There is a need　 to review the report and find the exact numbers. 有必要重温一下报告，找到准确的数字。 2．　What he said　 is of great importance to us students. 他所说的话对我们学生非常重要。 3．The student from our school has won the first prize in the Olympic Math Competition, 　which inspires all the schoolmates　. 我校学生在奥数竞赛中获得一等奖，这激励了所有校友。 4．In the past three years, the children 　has made great progress　. 近三年来，孩子们已取得了很大进步。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $