Unit 5 Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册五维课堂教师用书word（人教版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦词汇（如obligation, intention）、句式（如now that引导的原因状语从句）及情态动词、过去将来时等核心语法点，构建“词汇精讲-句式精析-语法规则-分层练习”的学习支架，系统梳理知识点间的逻辑关联。 该资料以“即学即练”为特色，通过佳句感知、拓展归纳、针对训练等环节，助力学生提升语言运用能力与思维品质。多样练习（如语法填空、阅读理解）兼顾课中教学辅助与课后查漏补缺，有效培养学生自主学习能力。

Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking [词汇精讲] 1 (教材P54)obligation n．义务；职责；责任 　◆[佳句感知]　It is an obligation of citizens to perform military service. 服兵役是每个公民的义务。 ◆[拓展归纳] under any/no obligation有/没有义务 have the obligation to do sth.有义务做某事 obligate vt.强迫；迫使 obligated adj.有义务的；感激的 be obligated to do sth.有义务做某事 be obligated to (sb.) for (sth.)因(某事)感激某人 ◆[即学即练] 完成句子 ①She did not feel 　under_any_obligation　 to tell him the truth. 她觉得没有义务告诉他实情。 ②We 　have_the_obligation_to_protect　 the environment. 我们有责任保护环境。 ③Parents 　are_obligated　 by law 　to_send　 their children to school. 法律规定父母必须送子女入学。 ④　I'm_much_obligated_to_you_for　 your help. 承蒙相助，我不胜感激。 语法填空 ⑤You are 　under　 no obligation to buy anything. ⑥The lawyer says you have the 　obligation　 (obligate) to be present at the court. 2 (教材P54)intention n．打算；计划，意图；目的 　◆[佳句感知] Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. 使用表情符号可以增加幽默感和感情，保持意图清晰。 ◆[拓展归纳] intention of doing/to do sth.打算做某事 have no intention of doing sth.不打算做某事 have every intention of doing sth.一心打算做某事 intend vt.计划；打算 be intended for为……打算(设计)的 intend doing/to do sth.打算做某事 intend sb. to do sth.打算让某人做某事 ◆[即学即练] 完成句子 ①　The_original_intention　 was to devote three months to the project. 最初的计划是在这个项目上投入三个月的时间。 ②These toys 　are_intended_for　 children under five. 这些玩具是为5岁以下的儿童设计的。 ③The meeting 　is_intended_to_deal_with　 some important problems. (开)这个会的目的是想解决一些重要的问题。 ④What do you 　intend_observing/to_observe　 next? 接下来你打算观察什么？ ⑤Let's ask her what she 　intends_us_to_do　. 让我们问问她打算让我们做些什么。 ⑥They 　intend_their_son_to_work　 in their own company. 他们想让他们的儿子在自己的公司里工作。 3 (教材 P54)They would be able to help to some extent. 他们能在一定程度上给你提供帮助。 　to some extent在某种程度上 ◆[佳句感知] To some extent you can control the amount of stress in your life. 在某种程度上，你可以控制生活中的压力。 ◆[拓展归纳] to...extent结构的短语： to a certain extent在一定程度上 to what extent到何种程度 to a lesser extent其次 to a large extent在很大程度上 to that extent到那种程度 to the extent that到……的程度 to such an extent that...到……这样的地步 ◆[即学即练] 用extent的相关短语翻译句子 ①　To_a_certain_extent,_we_are_all_responsible_for_this_tragic_situation　. 我们都在一定程度上对这悲惨的局面负有责任。 ②　The_pollution_of_the_forest_has_seriously_affected_plant_life_and,_to_a_lesser_extent,_wildlife　. 森林污染严重影响了植物的生存，其次也对野生动物造成了影响。 ③　The_book_discusses_the_extent_to_which_family_life_has_changed_over_the_past_50_years　. 本书论述了近50年来家庭生活的变化程度。 4 (教材 P55)Why does the owner think Henry hesitates to pay the bill? 为什么店主认为亨利迟迟不付账？ 　 hesitate vi.犹豫；迟疑；顾虑 ◆[佳句感知] Please do not hesitate to contact me if you have any questions. 如果有任何疑问请尽管和我联系。 ◆[拓展归纳] hesitate to do sth.迟疑做某事 hesitation n．犹豫；迟疑；顾虑 without hesitation毫不犹豫地 have no hesitation in doing sth.毫不犹豫地做某事 ◆[即学即练] 完成句子 ①She agreed 　without_the_slightest_hesitation　. 她毫不犹豫地同意了。 ②I 　have_no_hesitation_in　 recommending her for the job. 我毫不犹豫地推荐她做这项工作。 语法填空 ③Do not hesitate 　to_laugh　 (laugh) at anything you find amusing. ④The boy followed without 　hesitation　 (hesitate)． [句式精析] (教材P54)But now that you are here, I don't have to. 但是，既然你在这儿，我就不必了。 　[句式分析]　now that引导的原因状语从句。 ◆[佳句感知] Now that you've listed your strengths, list your imperfections. 既然你已经列出了你的优点，那就列出你的缺点吧。 ◆[拓展归纳] now that引导原因状语从句相当于since，一般置于主句之前，中间用逗号隔开，表示的是明显的原因或众所周知的事实。 ◆[即学即练] 完成句子 ①　Now_that/Since_you_are_busy　， you can give up this trip. 既然你很忙，你可以不去这个旅行。 ②　Now_that/Since_we_have_gone_so_far　， we might go a little further. 既然我们都走这么远了，不妨再往前走一点。 情态动态和过去将来时 Ⅰ.情态动词 一、概念 情态动词本身有一定的词义，但是不能独立作谓语，只能和动词原形一起构成谓语，情态动词用在行为动词前，表示说话人对这一动作或状态的看法或主观设想。情态动词虽然数量不多，但用途广泛，主要有下列：can (could), may (might), must, have to, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would)。 二、规则 形式 情态动词没有实义动词的各种变化，只有could、would、had to、might等几个过去式，其他情态动词如must、ought to等的过去式皆与现在式同形。 意义 大多数情态动词有多个意义，如can可以表达“能力” “可能” “许可”等。 用法 情态动词与助动词一样，须后接动词原形，构成谓语动词。 1.can/could (1)表示能力 can表示现在的能力；could表示过去的能力。 *She can speak three languages. 她会说三门语言。 *He couldn't find his pen, so he wrote in pencil. 他找不到钢笔，所以用铅笔写。 ◆[微点拨] 当表示“过去经过努力成功做到某事”时应用be able to，不能用 could。 *He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain. 昨天晚上尽管下大雨，他还是参加了聚会。 (2)表示请求和允许 用于疑问句时，二者可以互换，此时的could并不表示过去，只是语气更委婉，但could不能用于肯定句或答语中。 *You can go home now. 你现在可以回家了。 *—Can/Could I borrow your umbrella? —Yes, you can.(不能说Yes, you could.) ——我可以借用一下你的雨伞吗？ ——当然可以。 (3)表示推测 表示说话人惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度，用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。 *What can they be doing? 他们可能在干什么？ *The news can't be true. 这个消息不可能是真的。 (4)can还可以表示客观的(或理论的)可能性，用来说明人或事物的特征。 *Accidents can happen on such rainy days. 在这样多雨的天气里可能会发生事故。 2.may/might (1)表示请求和允许 用于疑问句时，二者可以互换，此时的might并不表示过去，只是语气更委婉，但might不能用于肯定答语中；否定回答用mustn't或can't表示“不可以，禁止”。 *You may leave when you have finished the work. 完成工作后你可以离开。 *—May/Might I smoke in this room? —Yes, you may/No, you mustn't/can't. ——我可以在这个房间里吸烟吗？ ——可以。(不能用might)/不行。 (2)表示推测 两者都可以表示推测，只是might比may语气更不肯定，可能性更小。一般用于肯定句或否定陈述句，many/might not意为“可能不”。 *He may/might know the answer. 他可能知道答案。 *The boss may/might not be very busy now. 现在老板可能不忙。 (3)表达祝愿 在正式场合或书面语中，may可以用来表达祝愿。 *May you be happy! 祝你幸福！ *May you succeed! 祝你成功！ 3.must (1)表示主观看法 must意为“必须，一定”，其否定形式mustn't意为“禁止，不允许”。回答must引起的一般疑问句，如果作否定回答，要用needn't或don't have to，而不能用mustn't。 *You must call him this evening. 今晚你必须给他打电话。 *—Must we hand in our exercise books today? —Yes, you must./No, you don't have to/needn't. ——今天我们必须交上练习本吗？ ——是的，必须交上。/不，不必要交上。 (2)表示推测 must表推测时，意为“一定，必定”，只用于肯定句。 *You're Tom's good friend, so you must know what he likes best. 你是汤姆的好朋友，所以你一定知道他最喜欢什么。 4.shall (1)表示征求对方意见或许可 shall用于疑问句，表示征求对方意见或许可，表达此意时多用于第一、第三人称。 *Shall we go to the film tonight? 今晚我们去看电影好吗？ *Shall he come in? 他可以进来吗？ (2)表示命令、警告、允诺或威胁 shall用于陈述句第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁等。 *He shall be punished if he breaks the rule. 如果他违反制度，就会受到惩罚。 *Tommy shall have a toy if he is a good boy. 如果汤米是个好孩子，他就会得到一个玩具。 5.should/ought to (1) 表示责任或义务 should/ought to表示责任或义务时意为“应该”。 *Children should/ought to obey their parents. 儿童应该服从他们的父母。 *We should/ought to help each other. 我们应该相互帮助。 (2)表示劝告、建议或命令 *You should/ought to brush your teeth before you go to bed. 睡觉前你要刷牙。 *You should/ought to go and ask the teacher. 你可以去问问老师。 (3)表示推测 should/ought to表推测时语气不如must肯定，意为“很有可能”。 *The photo should/ought to be ready tomorrow morning. 照片明天上午应该能冲洗出来。 6. will/would (1)表示请求、建议等 表达此意时，主要用于第二人称的疑问句中，would此时并不表示过去，而表示委婉语气。 *Will/Would you please tell me the way to the hospital? 请告诉我去医院的路好吗？ would有时与like, love, prefer, be glad, be happy等连用，用于提出建议或邀请。 *Would you like some tea or coffee? 你喝点茶还是咖啡？ (2)表示意志、愿望和决心 will表示现在的意愿，would表示过去的意愿。 *If you will come，we'll be glad. 如果你愿意来，我们会很高兴。 *He asked me if I would go to see the football match with him. 他问我是否愿意和他一起去看足球赛。 (3)表示习惯或倾向 will表示现在，would表示过去。 *She will sit for hours without saying a word. 她经常坐数小时而一言不发。 *When he was young，he would often go skiing. 他年轻时经常去滑雪。 7.need/dare (1)need(需要)和dare(敢)用作情态动词时，常用于疑问句和否定句中，一般不用于肯定句。dare还能用于条件句中。 *You needn't worry. 你没必要担心。 *Dare you tell her the truth? 你敢告诉她事实真相吗？ *If we dared not go there that day，we wouldn't get the beautiful flowers. 如果那天我们不敢去那儿，我们就得不到那些漂亮的花。 (2)dare和need作实义动词用时，有人称、时态和数的变化。在肯定句中，dare后面常接带to的不定式；在疑问句和否定句中，dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。而need后面只能接带to的不定式。 *I dare to swim across this river. 我敢游过这条河。 *He doesn't dare(to) answer. 他不敢回答。 *He needs to finish his homework today.今天他需要完成作业。 Ⅱ.过去将来时 一、概念 过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。 二、规则 ①这种时态常出现在宾语从句或间接引语中。主句为过去时，宾语从句常表示将要发生的事情。 ②在叙述过去的事情或事情发生的经过时，用过去将来时表示在当时看将来会发生的事。 ③过去将来时还可以用来表示非真实的动作或状态。 (1)would＋动词原形 *He asked me if I would stay here. 他问我是否要待在这儿。 (2)was/were going to＋动词原形 *No one knew when he was going to finish his homework. 没有人知道他什么时候会完成作业。 (3)was/were(about) to＋动词原形 *He said that they were to leave at six.他说他们将于6点动身。 *She said that the meeting was about to begin.她说会议就要开始了 (4)come, go, arrive, leave, die等短暂动词，用在过去进行时态中表示过去将要做某事。 *She told us that she was leaving for Yunnan. 她告诉我们她将要去云南。 ◆[针对训练] 1．用can, could, may, might, shall, should或must填空(必要时加上not) (1)The ground isn't wet. It 　can't/couldn't　 have rained last night. (2)　Can　 that be true? I 　can't　 believe my eyes and ears. (3)—　May/Might　 I have a word with your manager, please？—Yes, you 　may　. (4)You 　must　 be punished for what you have done. (5)I 　should　 have helped him, but I was busy at that time. 2．翻译句子 (1)当他说他很快要离开的时候我们都很惊讶。 　We_were_all_surprised_when_he_said_that_he_would_leave_soon.　 (2)她本打算今年暑假去欧洲旅行，但金融危机使她丢了工作。 　She_was_going_to_take_a_trip_to_Europe_this_summer_vacation,_but_she_lost_her_job_to_the_financial_crisis.　 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Where is Jack？I can find him 　nowhere　 (无处，哪里都不)． 2．I didn't realize the 　extent　 (程度，大小)of the trouble that my child made. 3．Every evening he got home，he would gave his wife a big 　hug　(拥抱)． 4．The boy went to Beijing to 　pursue　(追求，致力于)his dream of becoming an artist. 5．It is my 　duty　(责任，义务)as a teacher to help students out of trouble. 6．Do not 　hesitate　(犹豫；顾虑)to tell me when you are in trouble. 7．They 　eventually　 (最后) learned that the painting was called “The Girl with Two Chairs”． 8. If you 　sequence　(按顺序排列)the numbers，you can find something. 9．Instead of getting down to a new task as I had expected, he examined the 　previous　 (先前的) work again. 10．Once the book you've 　requested　 (要求) is delivered to the nearest branch, they will inform you by e­mail. Ⅱ.短语填空 1.Who is 　on_duty　 (值班)on Saturday evening? 2．The boy rolled over and over on the playground 　out_of_joy　 (出于高兴)． 3．　Now_that　(既然)everyone is here，let's begin our class. 4．Put on more warm clothes 　in_case　(以防)you catch a cold. 5．　To_some_extent　 (在某种程度上)，this kind of drink is like milk. 6．I'm sorry that I have 　got_you_into_trouble　(使你陷入麻烦中)． 7．　To_my_great_surprise　 (让我大为惊奇的是)，he was not hurt in the terrible accident at all. 8．After the meal I went to the counter to 　pay_the_bill　(付账)． 9．The new teacher always entertain the students by 　making_up　 (编造)stories. 10．When I got to his office，he 　was_about_to_leave　(正要离开)for Shanghai. Ⅲ.单句语法填空 1．The car was 　stuck　 (stick) in the mud and wouldn't move. 2．Our school have bought some 　musical　(music) instrument recently. 3. Nowhere 　have　 I found my dictionary，which causes me much trouble. 4．... you should avoid 　eating　 (eat) with heavier people who order large portions (份)，... 5．The basketball match was 　so　 close that we won by 101∶100. 6．It will snow tomorrow.I can make 　a　 bet. 7．Is there any 　possibility　 (possible) that he wins the game? 8．First，and most 　importantly　 (important)，we should learn the basic knowledge. 9．It's not my 　intention　 (intend) to point out the central theme of each of the plays... 10．　Getting　 (get) caught cheating in the exam will ruin your life. Ⅳ.完成句子(用合适的情态动词) 1．What a pity！You missed the sightseeing，or we 　would_have_had_a_good_time_together　 (我俩就会一起度过一段愉快时光)． 2．The professor warned the students that on no account 　should_they_use_mobile_phones_in_his_class　 (他们在他的课上使用手机)． 3．Visiting this exhibition，we 　will_not_only_enjoy_the_folk_art_works　 (不仅会享受民间艺术作品)，but also learn a lot. 4．I'll appreciate it if you 　can_reply_to_my_letter　(能回答我的信)at your earliest convenience. 5．We 　may_have_different_opinions　(可能有不同的观点)in organizing class activities. 6．Besides，you 　must_take_notice_of_the_handwriting　 (必须注意书写)． 7．And you also 　should_keep_it_in_mind　(应当记住)that comparing notes with your classmates frequently is a good way to improve your study. 8．You mentioned that 　you_could_teach_English_as_a_reward　 (作为回报你能教我英语)，which is exactly what I want. Ⅴ.语段填空(情态动词) Miss Fang 　____1____　 (not) read for very long with her eyes hurt.Her mother told her that she 　____2____　 go to hospital and see a doctor.“You 　____3____　 see a doctor as soon as possible，”her mother said.“You 　____4____　 have poor eyesight.” When Miss Fang had free time，she went to hospital.The clerk said that the doctor 　____5____　 see her at 3：30. Miss Fang replied that she 　____6____　 not be able to be there at 3：30 because she had a class then.“The doctor 　____7____　 see you at about ten to four，”the clerk suggested.“　____8____　 I arrange the examination at about ten to four，or 　____9____　 you rather come tomorrow？” Miss Fang thought she 　____10____　 (not)waste any more time.The teacher 　____11____　(not) be unhappy if she asked for permission to leave the class a little earlier，as he was always so kind to everyone.And she replied，“I think I 　____12____　 make it at about ten to four.” Miss Fang went to the class.She asked her teacher，“　____13____　I leave at 3：45 today？My eyes hurt and I 　____14____　 have an eye examination.”As expected，the teacher said，“Yes，of course you 　____15____　.” 答案：1.couldn't　2.should　3.should 4．may/might　5.could　6.would　7.may/might　8.Shall　9.would　10.shouldn't 　11.shouldn't　12.can　13.May/Can/Could　14.must 15．can/may Ⅰ.阅读理解 Disease，poverty，hate，love—Charles Dickens' stories opened his readers' eyes to the most important themes of his age.Two hundred years later，his stories still speak volumes across the world，proving that Dickens' legacy(遗产)was far greater than just“greatliterature”． February 7 marks the 200th anniversary of the writer's birthday.To mark this date，BBC writer Alex Hudson listed six things Dickens gave the modern world.Let's take a look at two of them. A White Christmas Dickens is described as “the man who invented Christmas”—not the religious festival，but the cultural aspects that we associate with the festive season today. In the early 19th century，Christmas was barely worth mentioning，according to critic and writer Leigh Hunt.The committee which ran the Conservative Party even held ordinary business meetings on Christmas Day—unthinkable in the West nowadays，when everyone but the most necessary workers takes at least three days off. Many people believe that Dickens' popular descriptions of the festive period became a blueprint for generations to come.In his classic novel，A Christmas Carol，he not only put forward the idea of snow at Christmas，but also painted a picture of glowing warmth—“home enjoyments，affections and hopes”． In his biography of Dickens，Peter Ackroyd wrote：“Dickens can be said to have almost single­handedly created the modern idea of Christmas.” “Dickensian” poverty Dickens was one of the first to take an honest look at the underclass and the poor of Victorian London. He helped popularize the term “　red_tape　” to describe situations where people in power use needless amounts of bureaucracy(官僚作风) in a way that particularly hurts the weaker and poorer members of society. “Dickensian” has now become a powerful word for describing an unacceptable level of poverty.In 2009，when the president of the Association of Teachers and Lecturers in the UK wanted to talk about poverty in some areas of Britain，she did not use words like “terrible” or “horrific”，but rather described it as “life mirroring the times of Dickens”． [语篇解读]　本文主要讲述了狄更斯对整个世界的影响。 1．The article is mainly about 　________　. A．a brief introduction to Charles Dickens B．Charles Dickens' impact on the world C．the characters in Charles Dickens' stories D．Charles Dickens' achievements in literature 解析：B　[主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是狄更斯对整个世界的影响，故选B。] 2．Why is Dickens called “the man who invented Christmas”？ A．Because he created both religious and cultural festival. B．Because his novels have something to do with Christmas. C．Because one of his novels helped to shape Christmas celebrations. D．Because he was the first man to have proposed celebrating Christmas. 解析：C　[细节理解题。由第五段中的“In his classic novel，A Christmas Carol，he not only put forward the idea of snow at Christmas，but also painted a picture of glowing warmth－‘home enjoyments，affections and hopes’．”以及第六段中“Dickens can be said to have almost single­handedly created the modern idea of Christmas.”可知答案为C。] 3．We can learn from the passage that 　________　. A．Charles Dickens' novels reflect the true life at his age B．Dickensian is widely used to describe the Christmas C．every person can take three days off for Christmas D．the theme of Charles Dickens' stories is about poverty 解析：A　[细节理解题。由第七段中的“Dickens was one of the first to take an honest look at the underclass and the poor of Victorian London.”可知选A。] 4．According to the passage the underlined phrase “red tape” refers to 　________　. A．rules or regulations that are required to finish a task B．a situation where poor members of society are hurt C．conflict between people in power and weaker people D．pointlessly time­consuming official procedures 解析：D　[词义猜测题。由倒数第二段描述可知，red tape反映的是在很多国家的官方机构里的那种复杂并浪费时间的“官僚作风”。] Ⅱ.阅读填句 We all have plans to achieve success in life，but what we are lacking is the motivation that keeps us going to put plans into action.Here are the ways that can effectively ease the problem. 　____1____　 Just grab a book，especially an inspirational book or a book of success stories.You can learn from others and the story will motivate you to move ahead with your plans.It also makes you re­focus your energy on your goals rather than the problems at hand. Think of your purpose. 　____2____　 Your purpose could be to improve the life of others，or help people to do things more efficiently.Thinking of your purpose is an important way to motivate you. Talk to a supportive friend. Talking to a supportive friend would be able to overcome the problem of lacking motivation.Find someone that you are comfortable with and share your problems with him.　____3____　 Go through your goals daily. Prepare a list of goals that you want to achieve and go through your goals at least once a day.　____4____　 By doing this，you refresh your mind with the goals you have set for yourself. Do it at once. Another way is to get started with what you need to do.　____5____　 But by forcing yourself to just do it，you'll probably make progress little by little and without realizing it，you have actually finished the task on hand. A．Read a book. B．See a motivational film. C．You should have plans to achieve success. D．After it，you will feel recharged and re­energized. E．Think of why you want to achieve what you want. F．Sometimes you don't feel like doing what you want to do. G．You need to do this even more if you feel down and have no motivation. 答案：1－5　AEDGF 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $