内容正文:
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
要点层层精析
课后素养提升练
语法探究突破
英语·必修第三册
Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking
[词汇精讲]
1
(教材 P18)Hearing that his wife had been injured in an accident, Mr Johnson hurried to the hospital.
他的妻子在一次事故中受伤,约翰逊先生急忙赶到医院。
accident n.事故;车祸;失事;意外;偶然的事
◆[佳句感知]
But Wilson did not regard the accident as catastropic.
但是Wilson并没有把这次事故看成是灾难性的。
◆[拓展归纳]
(quite) by accident(纯属)偶然;意外地
accidental adj.意外的
accidentally adv.偶然地
◆[词语辨析] incident, event与accident
词条
区别
例句
incident
既可指小事件或附带事件,也可指政治上具有影响力的事件或事变
On the very day when I left, an incident occurred.事件就发生在我离开的当天。
event
指大事(个人的、集体的或国家的),但尤指历史上的重大事件;还可指“赛事”
The important event of the week was the storm.那一周中的大事就是那场暴风雨。
accident
强调偶然或意外发生的不幸事件,如a traffic accident(交通事故)
She was involved in a serious car accident last week.上星期她被卷入了一场严重的车祸中。
◆[即学即练]
选词填空 accident, event与incident
①The eyewitness gave a truthful account of the incident .
②The film festival is a big event in the city.
③He was injured in the car accident .
语法填空
④The damage couldn't have been caused accidentally (accidental).
⑤He found the old photo by accident.
2
(教材 P18) I saw her whispering something into his ear, obviously not wanting to be heard.
我看见她在他耳边低语,显然不想被听见。
whisper vt.&vi.低语;小声说;私下说n.耳语;低语
◆[佳句感知]
“Maybe I could go as Superman,” he whispered to his mom.
他小声和他的妈妈说:“也许我可以扮成‘超人’。”
◆[拓展归纳]
whisper sth.to sb.
对某人窃窃私语;向某人低声说……
whisper to sb.向某人低声说
whisper about悄悄传播
whisper sth. in one's ear在某人耳旁小声说……
It is/was whispered that...据传闻……
in a whisper/whispers=in a low voice
低声地;耳语地
◆[即学即练]
完成句子
①She is whispering a story to her daughter .
她低声地给女儿讲着故事。
②He touched me with his finger, whispering to me in my ear ,“The teacher is coming.”
他用手指触了我一下,附耳说了一句:“老师来了。”
③ It is whispered that he is heavily in debt.
据传闻他负债累累。
④He answered in a whisper/in whispers .
他低声回答。
语法填空
⑤The two boys were whispering (whisper) when the head teacher came in from the back door.
⑥ It was whispered that the man was caught stealing.
3
(教材 P18)Despite the difficult situation, Dr Bethune did whatever he could to assist the Chinese people.
尽管情况困难,白求恩大夫还是尽其所能帮助中国人民。
assist vt.帮助;援助
◆[佳句感知]
We should do something to assist them.
我们应该做点什么来帮助他们。
◆[拓展归纳]
assist sb. to do sth.帮助某人做某事
assist sb. with sth.帮助某人某事
assist sb. in doing sth.帮助某人做某事
assistance n.帮助;协助
come to one's assistance援助某人
with the assistance of 在……帮助下
assistant n.助手;助理;售货员
◆[即学即练]
完成句子
①The guide managed to assist the tourists to find somewhere to live during the Brazil World Cup.
导游在巴西世界杯期间设法为游客们找到了住所。
②We're looking for volunteers who would be willing to assist us with the group's work.
我们正在寻找愿意帮助这个团体工作的志愿者。
③Despite his cries, no one came to his assistance .
尽管他大声喊叫,但没有人来帮助他。
语法填空
④Mary was chosen as an assistant (assist) to help Mr Brown finish his research.
⑤We asked him to assist us in designing a new bridge.
4
(教材 P18) After Dr Bethune's death, Chairman Mao Zedong wrote an article in memory of him, in which he praised Dr Bethune as a hero to be remembered in China.
在白求恩医生去世后,毛泽东主席为了纪念他写了一篇文章,在文章中他赞扬白求恩医生是一位英雄,说他在中国将永远被铭记。
in memory of 纪念,追念=to the memory of
◆[佳句感知]
Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a Tshirt in memory of Earhart's final flight.
裁判将挑选出50名荣誉奖,每人将获得一件T恤衫以纪念Earhart的最后一次飞行。
◆[拓展归纳]
“in+n.+of”类型的短语
in place of代替;取代
in charge of负责;掌管
in possession of拥有;持有;占有
in search of寻找
in need/want of...需要……
in favour of赞同;支持
in terms of...就……而言
in case of假使;如果
in celebration of庆祝
in praise of赞美;歌颂
in honour of 纪念;向……表示敬意
in defence of保卫,为……辩护
◆[即学即练]
完成句子
①He founded the charity in honour of his late wife.
他创办了这一慈善事业以纪念他已故的妻子。
②A great many college graduates went to the big cities in search of better jobs .
许多大学毕业生去大城市寻找更好的工作。
③He is in charge of the company when his father is away.
当他父亲不在时,他负责公司的工作。
用恰当的“in+n.+of”短语填空
④Mr Green stood up in defence of the 16yearold boy, saying he was not the one to blame.
⑤The police were in search of two suspects in connection with the robbery.
⑥The building was called Ford Hall in memory/honor of a man named James Ford.
5
(教材 P19)The lady wants to pay him, but he won't accept payment, instead telling the lady to just show kindness to another person.
女士想付钱给他,但他非但没有接受,反而告诉女士把友善给另一个人就好。
instead adv. 代替;顶替;反而
◆[佳句感知]
They weren't there to throw red paint on furcoatwearing stars. Instead one activist, dressed in a fullbody monkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers:“Thanks for not using a real ape!”
他们到那并不是向穿着猴毛大衣的明星泼洒红油漆的。相反,一位活动家,全身穿着猴装,来到现场,带着牌子,表扬制片人:“谢谢没有练用真猿!”
◆[拓展归纳]
有关“代替”的短语
instead of(介词短语)
in place of(介词短语)
replace(动词)
take the place of(动词短语)
take one's place(动词短语)
substitute(动词)
◆[词语辨析] instead与instead of
词条
区别
instead
副词,意为“代替,顶替”,单独使用
instead of
意为“代替,作为……的替换”,它后面一般接名词、代词或动词ing形式
◆[即学即练]
完成句子
①He didn't reply. Instead , he turned on his heel and left the room.
他没有回答,反而转身离开了房间。
②Mr Wang is ill. I will take his class instead .
王老师病了,我将替他上课。
③Shall we have fish instead of chicken today?
我们今天吃鱼肉不吃鸡肉,好吗?
选词填空 instead与instead of
④I only learnt how to sign the alphabet that day. Yet instead of being discouraged by my slow progress, I was excited.
⑤But unlike her school friends, 16yearold Sarah is not spending halfterm resting. Instead , she is earning $ 6,500 a day as s model in New York.
[句式精析]
1
(教材 P18)Returning from the North Pole, the traveller wrote a book about his experience and had it published the following year.
从北极回来后,旅行者写了一本关于他的经历的书,并在第二年出版。
[句式分析] have sth. done表示“让别人做某事;完成某事;遭遇不幸的事”。
eq \f(Returning from the North Pole,状语表示时间),
eq \f(the traveller,主语) eq \f(wrote,谓语) eq \f(a book,宾语)
eq \o(\s\up7(and),\s\do5( )) eq \f(had,谓语) eq \f(it,宾语) eq \f(published,宾语补足语)
eq \f(the following year,状语表时间).
◆[佳句感知]
Every year, Tom remembers to have some flowers sent to his mother on her birthday.
每年,汤姆都记得在她妈妈生日时送给她鲜花。
◆[拓展归纳]
have sb./sth. doing sth.让某人做某事/让某事发生(动作持续)(肯定句)
can't have sb. doing sth.不允许某人做某事
have sb. do sth.让某人做某事
have sth. to do有事情要做(不定式作定语)
◆[即学即练]
完成句子
①He was very funny and had us laughing all the way.
他非常滑稽,一路上逗得我们笑个不停。
② He could not have her getting away with telling people lies!
他可不能让她哄骗人们后跑掉!
③ I have an important meeting to attend , so I can't go to watch the football match with you tonight.
我有个重要的会议要参加,因此今天晚上我不能和你一起去看足球赛了。
语法填空
④(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)They make great gifts and you see them many times decorated (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
⑤I can't have you speaking (speak) to your mother in a rude manner.
⑥I can't go to the cinema with you because I have a lot of homework to finish (finish).
2
(教材 P19)The waitress goes home to her husband, happy, because of the kindness the lady showed her.
女服务员高高兴兴地回家去找她的丈夫,因为那位女士对她表达的善意。
[句式分析] happy是形容词,在句中作状语,侧重说明动作执行者的状态,特性等。形容词作状语时,常与句子的谓语部分用逗号隔开。
◆[佳句感知]
Little Tom sat amazed watching the monkey dancing in front of him.
一脸惊奇的小汤姆坐着看那只猴子在他眼前跳舞。
◆[拓展归纳]
作状语的常用形式
副词
不定式(短语)
分词(短语)
介词短语
◆[即学即练]
完成句子
① Tired and hungry , he had to stop working.
由于又饿又累,他只好停止了工作。
② Helpless , I decided to give up the job.
我无可奈何,决定辞去这份工作。
③The suitcase is too heavy to be carried by a child .
箱子太重小孩拿不动。
④ Being a poor teacher , he can't afford to buy a car.
他是一名穷教师,买不起汽车。
现在分词(动词ing形式)作状语
一、概念
现在分词作状语时,表示的动作是主语动作的一部分,用来修饰谓语,常表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、方式、伴随、让步等情况,并可以转换成相应的状语从句或并列句。
二、规则
动词
形式
意义
以do为例
一般式
(not)
doing
主动式
(not)doing
与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系,与谓语动作同时发生,或基本上同时发生
被动式
(not)being done
与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系,且与谓语动作同时发生
以do为例
完成式
(not)
having
done
主动式(not)
having done
与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系,先于谓语动作发生
被动式(not)
Having been
done
与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系,且先于谓语动作发生
(一)现在分词作状语的用法
现在分词(短语)在句中作状语来修饰谓语动词或整个句子,表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、方式、让步或伴随状况。
1.作时间状语
现在分词作时间状语时,常放在句首,相当于一个时间状语从句。
*Hearing the noise, I turned round.
=When I heard the noise, I turned round.
听到响声我转过身去。
2.作原因状语
现在分词作原因状语时,相当于一个原因状语从句,也可以放在句首。
*Having lived in the village for years, I know everyone quite well.
=Because I have lived in the village for years, I know everyone quite well.
因为在这个村里住了很多年,所以我熟悉每个人。
3.作条件状语
现在分词作条件状语时,相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句。
*Working hard, you'll certainly succeed.
=If you work hard, you'll certainly succeed.
只要努力学习,你肯定会成功的。
4.作结果状语
现在分词作结果状语时,通常放在句末,中间用逗号隔开,表示自然而然、意料之中的结果,分词前可接thus。
*More highways have been built in China, making it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.
中国建了很多高速公路,这使人们从一个地方到另一个地方变得更容易了。
◆[微点拨]
现在分词作结果状语,是随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果,其逻辑主语往往是前面整个句子所描述的情况,前面有时候可以加thus。而不定式作结果状语常表示出乎意料的结果,有时候前面可以加only。
5.作让步、方式和伴随状语
现在分词作让步、方式和伴随状语时,说明动作发生的背景和情况。作伴随状语时,表示分词的动作和主句的动作同时发生,此时它可转换成并列句。
*Mary sat by the window of the classroom, reading a book.
=Mary sat by the window of the classroom and read a book.
玛丽坐在教室的窗边读一本书。
(二)现在分词作状语的注意事项
1.现在分词的时态
现在分词作状语时,要注意分词的时态,是用现在分词的一般式(doing),还是用完成式(having done)。
当现在分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生时,用分词的一般式;当现在分词的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前时,用分词的完成式。
*Walking in the street, I met an old friend of mine.
我正在大街上行走时,遇到了一位老朋友。(walking和谓语动词met同时发生)
*Having finished the letter, he went to post it.
他写完信后就把它寄了出去。(having finished 是先发生的,went是后发生的)
2.现在分词的语态
使用现在分词的主动式还是被动式,这主要取决于现在分词和句子主语之间的关系。句子的主语就是分词的逻辑主语。
*Having been shown around the factory, they were very happy.
被领着参观了工厂后,他们很高兴。(现在分词的被动式)
*Having finished his homework, he went to bed.
完成了作业后,他上床睡觉。(现在分词的主动式)
3.现在分词作状语时,其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。如果不一致,必须用独立主格结构来表示,也就是在分词前面加上它的逻辑主语。
*My wife had a long talk with Sally, explaining why she didn't want the children to play together.
我妻子与莎莉谈了很多时间,解释她为什么不想让孩子们在一起玩。(explaining是句子主语My wife做出的动作,它们之间是主动关系,即explaining的逻辑主语就是句子的主语My wife。)
*The train having gone, we had to wait another day.
火车已经离开了,我们只好再等一天。
(The train having gone为独立主格结构)
4.现在分词的否定式是在分词短语前面加上not, never等否定词。
*Not knowing how to find the subway, I asked a policeman for help.
我不知道怎样找到地铁,就去找警察帮忙。
5.现在分词作评注性状语
有些现在分词在句中没有逻辑主语,它们往往作为句子的评注性状语来修饰整个句子,表明说话者的态度、观点等。如:generally speaking一般来说,judging by/from从……判断,speaking of说到……,talking of谈到……,frankly speaking坦白地说,considering.../taking... into consideration考虑到……,providing...如果……,supposing...假如……等。
*Judging from his behaviour, he must be mad.
从他的行为来判断,他一定是疯了。
*Taking the weather into consideration, we put off the sports meeting.
考虑到天气情况,我们推迟了运动会。
◆[针对训练]
Ⅰ.完成句子
1. Standing on the top of the mountain , I could see the whole city.=When I stood on the top of the mountain, I could see the whole city.
站在山顶上,我能看到整个城市。
2. Hearing the noise , I turned round.=When I heard the noise, I turned round.
听到响声我转过身去。
3. Being too young , he couldn't join the army.= Because he was too young, he couldn't join the army.
因为太年轻,所以他不能参军。
4. Working hard , you'll succeed. = If you work hard, you'll succeed.
如果努力工作,你就会成功的。
5. Admitting what she said , I still think that she hasn't tried her best.= Although/Though I admit what she said, I still think that she hasn't tried her best.
尽管承认她所说的话,但我仍然认为她没有尽最大的努力。
6.He walked down the river, singing softly to himself .= He walked down the river and sang softly to himself.
他沿着河流一边走,一边轻轻地哼着歌。
7.His parents died in the war, leaving him an orphan .= His parents died in the war so that he was orphaned.
他的父母在战争中死了,以致他成了孤儿。
8. Not seeing John , I asked where he was=As I didn't see John, I asked where he was.
我没有见到约翰,于是问他在什么地方。
9. Having been told many times, Jack still repeated the same mistake=Though Jack had been told many times, he still repeated the same mistake.
虽然被告诉过好多次了,但杰克仍然重复犯同样的错误。
Ⅱ.语法填空
1. Tasting (taste) sweet, this kind of apples was soon sold out at a high price.
2.John watched curiously, thinking (think) that the woman seemed a little crazy.
3.George returned after the war, only to be told (tell) that his wife had left him.
4.The accident shocked the public, causing (cause) a hot debate over air pollution.
5.Li Hua, having studied (study) abroad for five years, is on the way back to his motherland.
6.Gradually he found himself back, giving (give) out his speech without much difficulty.
7. Lying (lie) on the beach and out of breath, I heard a voice.
8.He didn't see a train approaching until it brushed past him, throwing (throw) him to the ground.
9. Having been shown (show) around the university, we then were taken to a building.
10. Having worked (work) for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.
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