Unit 3动词不定式-2025-2026学年高中英语选修四语法易错点精讲（人教版）

高中人教版 【寒假专版】 选修4语法精讲 寒假专版 动词不定式专项训练 寒假语法易错点精讲 学段：高中教材：人教版年级：选修4 语法认知 动词不定式=0+动词原形，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语。 易错点讲解 易错点一：不定式作宾语时的成分冗余 讲解： 及物动词后直接接不定式作宾语，无需添加多余介词或从句引导词。常见错误为在不定式前误 加'that”或”for”。 例句：She hopes to study abroad.(正确)→She hopes that to study abroad.(错误) 真题再现： 1.(2024湖北武汉期中，人教版)He decided._a volunteer in the community during summer vacation. A.be B.to be C.being D.was 答案：B解析：decide后接不定式作宾语，构成”decide to do sth”结构，故选B。 2.(2024湖南长沙月考，人教版)My parents agreed一me a new computer as a birthday gift A.buy B.buying C.to buy D.bought 答案：C解析：agree后接不定式作宾语，”agree to do sth'”表示”同意做某事”，故选C。 易错点二：不定式作宾补时的省略符号”0”错误 讲解： 使役动词(make/let/have)和感官动词(see/watch/hear等)后接不定式作宾补时，需省略'to”;但 变为被动语态时，to”必须还原。 高中人教版 【寒假专版】 选修4语法精讲 例句：We saw him enter the room.(主动，省略to)→Hle was seen to enter the room.(被动，还原to) 真题再现： 1.(2023山东青岛期末，人教版)The teacher made Tom一his homework again because of mistakes. A.do B.to do C.doing D.done 答案：A解析：make后接不带to的不定式作宾补，”make sb do sth”表示”让某人做某事”，故选A。 2.(2023河南郑州期中，人教版)A little girl was heard一loudly in the next room just now. A.cry B.to cry C.crying D.cried 答案：B解析：感官动词hear用于被动语态时，不定式作主语补足语需还原to,'be heard to do sh”表示”被听到做某事”，故选B。 易错点三：”疑问词+不定式”结构中疑问词的误用 讲解： ”疑问词+不定式”结构中，疑问词需在不定式中充当主语、宾语、状语等成分，不可使用无实际 意义的疑问词（如if/whether)。 例句：Idon't know how to solve this problem.(how作方式状语) 误：Idon't know if to solve this problem.(if不可用于该结构) 真题再现： 1.(2024江苏南京月考，人教版)Could you please tell me一the library before9:00a.m.? A.how to reach B.how reach C.to how reach D.how reaching 答案：A解析：”疑问词how+不定式to reach”构成复合结构作宾语，how在不定式中作方式 状语，故选A。 2.(2023广东深圳期末，人教版)He is thinking about一to the party tomorrow evening. A.when go B.where to go C.what go D.why going 答案：B解析：”疑问词where+-不定式togo”作介词about的宾语，where在不定式中作地点状 语，结构正确，故选B。 易错点四：不定式的否定形式位置错误 讲解： 不定式的否定形式需在”to”前加ot',不可在不定式动词后加否定词。 例句：She decided not to attend the meeting.(正确)→She decided to not attend the meeting.(错误) 2 高中人教版 【寒假专版】 选修4语法精讲 真题再现： 1.(2024四川成都期中，人教版)The doctor advised him一too much sugar to keep healthy: A.not eat B.to not eat C.not to eat D.don't eat 答案：C解析：advise后接不定式的否定形式时，需在to前加not,”advise sb not to do sthi”表 示”建议某人不要做某事”，故选C。 2.(2023浙江杭州期末，人教版)My mother told me一late for school again.. A.not be B.to not be C.not to be D.don't be 答案：C解析：tel后接不定式的否定形式为”tell sb not to do sth”,be late为固定搭配，故选C。 易错点五：不定式与动名词作主语的混淆 讲解： 不定式作主语通常表示具体的、一次性的动作，常位于句首或用t作形式主语；动名词作主语表 示习惯性、抽象性的动作。 例句：To learn English well is important..(具体动作)一Learning English well is important.(抽象动 作) 真题再现： 1.(2024安徽合肥月考，人教版)_English every morning is a good way to improve pronunciation A.Read B.To read C.Reading D.Reads 答案：C解析：句中表示习惯性动作，用动名词Reading作主语，故选C。 2.(2023江西南昌期末，人教版)It is necessary一us to wear masks in crowded places.. A.for B.of C.to D.with 答案：A解析：”Itis+形容词+for sb to do sthi”为固定句型，it作形式主语，真正主语是不定式 短语”to wear masks”,故选A。 易错点综合演练 综合演练 I单项选择（直击易错点） l.She plans一a doctor when she grows up.(易错点一) A.be B.to be C.being D.was 2.The boss made his workers_overtime last night..(易错点二) A.work B.to work C.working D.worked 高中人教版 【寒假专版】 选修4语法精讲 3.I haven't decided一_to go for summer holiday yet.(易错点三) A.where B.if C.that D.why 4.The teacher told us._late for class again.(易错点四) A.not be B.to not be C.not to be D.don't be Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化易错点区分） l.He agreed_help)me with my homework.(易错点一) 2.My parents let me一(watch)TV for an hour every day..(易错点二) 3.Could you tell me how_(solve))this math problem?(易错点三) 4.The doctor advised him一(not smoke))anymore..（易错点四) Ⅱ.短文填空（综合运用四大易错点） 用括号内单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺： Tom wants 1.-(be)a volunteer in the community.His parents agreed 2.(support)him.Last week. he saw an old lady 3.(carry)heavy bags and helped her.The lady was heard 4.-(say)"thank you" loudly.Now Tom is thinking about 5.-(when start)the volunteer work and he decided 6.-(not delay) it. V.连词成句（聚焦易错句式） l.decided,she,study,to,hard,()（易错点一) 2.saw,I,him,enter,.the,room,()(易错点二) 3.how,you,tell,can,me,get,to,the,station,(?)(易错点三) 4.advised,not,the,doctor,,to,drink,he,much,()(易错点四) 参考答案 I单项选择 1B2.A3.A4.C Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.to help 2.watch 3.to solve 4.not to smoke 4 高中人教版 【寒假专版】 选修4语法精讲 I短文填空 1.to be 2.to support 3.carry 4.to say 5.when to start 6.not to delay V.连词成句 1.She decided to study hard. 2.I saw him enter the room. 3.Can you tell me how to get to the station? 4.The doctor advised him not to drink much 5