Unit 2过去分词-2025-2026学年高中英语选修四语法易错点精讲（人教版）

高中人教版 【寒假专版】 选修4语法精讲 寒假专版 过去分词专项训练 寒假语法易错点精讲 学段：高中教材：人教版 年级：选修4 语法认知 高中人教版选修4Unit2:过去分词=动词的一种形式，通常由动词原形加-ed构成（不规则动词有 特殊形式)，在句中可表示被动或完成意义，可作定语、表语、宾语补足语、状语。 易错点讲解 易错点一：过去分词与现在分词作定语的混淆 讲解： 过去分词作定语表示被动或完成含义，与被修饰词是被动关系：现在分词作定语表示主动或进行 含义，与被修饰词是主动关系。 例句： -被动/完成：The broken window needs repairing.(破碎的窗户需要修理。window与break是被动关 系) -主动/进行：The running water is very clear.(流动的水很清澈。water与un是主动关系) 真题再现： 1.(2024湖北武汉期中，人教版选修4)The_boy was last seen-near the river. A.missing;playing B.missed,played C.missing,played D.missed,playing 答案：A解析：第一空“失踪的男孩”，missing表示主动含义（男孩自己失踪）：第二空“被看 见正在玩”，see sb..doing sth.用现在分词表进行，符合人教版选修4“分词作宾补”语法点。 2.(2023广东深圳期末，人教版选修4)Most of the artists to the party were from South Africa A.invited B.inviting C.to invite D.being invited 答案：A解析：artists与invite是被动关系，用过去分词invited作定语，表“被邀请的艺术家”， 符合教材中“过去分词作后置定语”的用法。 高中人教版 【寒假专版】 选修4语法精讲 易错点二：过去分词作表语与被动语态的混淆 讲解： 过去分词作表语表示主语的状态（系表结构），被动语态表示主语承受的动作（主谓结构）。 例句： -系表结构：The door is closed.(门是关着的。表状态) 被动语态：The door was closed by Tom.(门被汤姆关上了。表动作) 真题再现： 1.(2024山东济南月考，人教版选修4)The library_since last year. A.has closed B.has been closed C.is closed D.was closed 答案：B解析：since last year提示用现在完成时，且library与close是被动关系，需用被动语态 has been closed(表动作)，而非系表结构is closed(表状态)。 2.(2023江苏南京期中，人教版选修4)一How do you like the dish?Itvery delicious A.tastes B.is tasted C.tasted D.was tasted 答案：A解析：taste是感官系动词，无被动语态，用主动形式表被动含义，此处用tastes作表 语，符合教材中“系表结构与被动语态辨析”的考点。 易错点三：过去分词作状语时逻辑主语与主句主语不一致 讲解： 过去分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与主句主语一致，否则需用独立主格结构。 例句： -正确：Seen from the top of the hill,the city looks beautiful..(city与see是被动关系，逻辑主语一致) -错误：Seen from the top of the hill,we found the city beautiful.(we与see逻辑主语不一致，应改为 独立主格：The city seen from the top of the hill,we found it beautiful。) 真题再现： 1.(2024浙江杭州期末，人教版选修4)_in the queue for half an hour,the old man suddenly realized he had left the wallet at home. A.Waiting B.To wait C.Having waited D.Waited 答案：C解析：主句主语the old man与wait是主动关系，且“等待”发生在“意识到”之前， 用现在分词完成式Having waited,若误用过去分词Waited则逻辑主语不一致，符合教材中“分词 作状语的逻辑主语”要求。 2.(2023四川成都月考，人教版选修4)_by the beauty of nature,.the tourists decided to stay for another two days. 2 高中人教版 【寒假专版】 选修4语法精讲 A.Attracting B.Attracted C.To be attracted D.Having attracted 答案：B解析：tourists与attract是被动关系（被自然美景吸引），用过去分词Attracted作状语， 逻辑主语与主句主语一致，符合人教版选修4“过去分词作原因状语”的语法点。 易错点四：过去分词与不定式作宾语补足语的混淆 讲解： 过去分词作宾补表示被动或完成，不定式作宾补表示主动或将来（某些动词如wut,wish后接to be done表被动)。 例句： -过去分词宾补：I had my hair cut yesterday.(hair与cut是被动关系) -不定式宾补：I want the work to be finished tomorrow.(work与finish是被动关系，用to be done) 真题再现： 1.(2024湖南长沙期中，人教版选修4 The manager asked the workers_the problem as soon as possible. A.solve B.solving C.solved D.to solve 答案：D解析：ask后接不定式作宾补(ask sb.to do sth.),此处workers与solve是主动关系， 用to solve,若误用过去分词solved则表示被动，与语境不符。 2.(2023安徽合肥期末，人教版选修4)We saw the old house_down when we passed by. A.pull B.pulling C.pulled D.to pull 答案：C解析：house与pull是被动关系（被拆除），see sth.done结构中用过去分词pulled作宾 补，符合教材中“过去分词作宾补表被动”的用法。 易错点综合演练 综合演练 I.单项选择（直击易错点) l.The_laptop was found in the classroom yesterday.(易错点一) A.losing B.lost C.lose D.to lose 2.The room_since last week.(易错点二) A.has cleaned B.is cleaned C.has been cleaned D.cleaned 3._by the loud noise,,the baby started crying.(易错点三) A.Frightening B.Frightened C.To frighten D.Having frightened 3 高中人教版 【寒假专版】 选修4语法精讲 4.My mother wants the clothes._before dinner..（易错点四) A.wash B.washing C.washed D.to wash Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化易错点区分》 1.The_break)vase was bought by my father last year..(易错点一) 2.The door._(close)an hour ago and no one has opened it yet..(易错点二) 3._(inspire)by her words,.we decided to try again.(易错点三) 4.I heard the song_(sing)many times in the street..(易错点四) Ⅱ.短文填空（综合运用四大易错点） 用括号内单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺： Yesterday,I visited a small village.The(abandon)houses there looked very old.A local farmer told me they(build)in the 1950s.(walk)through the village,I saw some children playing games.They invited me to join them.I found a(hide)box under a tree.When I opened it,I saw a letter(write) by a little girl in 1970.The letter said she hoped the box(find)by a kind person one day. V.连词成句（聚焦易错句式） 1.the,message,.is,this,send,by,Tom,(?)(易错点二) 2.we,the,seen,filn,before,having,went,home,()(易错点三) 3.teacher,.the,wants,.exercises,be,hand,in,tomorrow,to,()(易错点四) 4.a,boy,the,cry,hear,I,street,.in,()(易错点四) 参考答案 I单项选择 1B2.C3.B4.C Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.broken 2.was closed 3.Inspired 4.sung IIL.短文填空 1.abandoned 2.were built 3.Walking 4.hidden 5.written 6.would be found 4 高中人教版 【寒假专版】 ，选修4语法精讲 V.连词成句 1.Is this message sent by Tom? 2.Having seen the film before,we went home. 3.The teacher wants the exercises to be handed in tomorrow. 4.I hear a boy crying in the street. 5