Unit 3过去分词作表语-2025-2026学年高中英语选修三语法易错点精讲（冀教版）

高中冀教版 【寒假专版】 选修3语法精讲 寒假专版 过去分词作表语专项训练 寒假语法易错点精讲 学段：高中教材：冀教版年级：选修3 语法认知 过去分词作表语：动词的过去分词形式+be动词(am/is/are/was/were等)，在句中位于系动词之后， 用于说明主语的状态或特征。 易错点讲解 易错点一：过去分词作表语与被动语态的混淆 讲解： 过去分词作表语表示主语的状态或特征，被动语态表示主语承受的动作：作表语时句子无动作执 行者，被动语态常带by短语说明动作执行者。 例句：The door is closed.(表语：门是关着的状态)The door was closed by Tom.(被动语态：门被 汤姆关上了) 真题再现： 1.(2024河北石家庄期中，冀教版)The library books一for two weeks..You must return them now: A.are borrowed B.have borrowed C.have been borrowed D.are kept 答案：D解析：句中for two weeks表示状态持续，用过去分词kept作表语表状态；borrow为瞬 间动词，被动语态不能与时间段连用。 2.(2023河北唐山期末，冀教版)The shop一since last year. A.is closed B.was closed C.has been closed D.has closed 答案：C解析：since last year表明动作从过去持续到现在，用现在完成时被动语态强调“被关 闭”的动作及影响，此时closed为过去分词表动作。 易错点二：过去分词作表语与现在分词作表语的混用 高中冀教版 【寒假专版】 选修3语法精讲 讲解： 过去分词作表语修饰人时表“感到…的”，修饰物时表“令人…的”；现在分词作表语修饰物时表 “令人…的”，修饰人时表“主动…的”。 例句：She was excited at the news.(excited修饰人表“感到兴奋的”)The news was exciting.(exciting 修饰物表“令人兴奋的”) 真题再现： 1.(2024河北邯郸月考，冀教版)一low do you feel about the movie?—It's一，andI'm really一init A.interesting;interested B.interested;interesting C.interesting;interesting D.interested, interested 答案：A解析：第一空修饰物movie用现在分词interesting表“令人感兴趣的”；第二空修饰人 I用过去分词interested表“感到感兴趣的”，符合冀教版教材语法辨析要求。 2.(2023河北秦皇岛期中，冀教版)The children were一after they heard the一stoy. A.frightened:frightening B.frightening;frightened C.frightened frightened D.frightening; frightening 答案：A解析：第一空修饰children用过去分词frightened表“感到害怕的”；第二空修饰story 用现在分词frightening表“令人害怕的”。 易错点三：过去分词作表语与系表结构中不及物动词过去分词的误用 讲解： 不及物动词无被动语态，其过去分词仅表完成状态，不可作表语表被动：常见易混词：gon(消 失的)、fallen(落下的)、risen(升起的)等。 例句：The sun is risen.(错误)→The sun has risen.(正确，risen为不及物动词过去分词，不可作 表语)The leaves are fallen.(错误)→The leaves have fallen.(正确) 真题再现： 1.(2024河北保定期末，冀教版)-Where is your father?一HIe has一to Beijing on business.. A.gone B.been C.went D.go 答案：A解析：go1为不及物动词go的过去分词，表“去了未回”的状态，此处用于现在完 成时，不可用被动语态，符合冀教版教材Unit3语法要点。 2.(2023河北张家口月考，冀教版)The old man was一at the age of80. A.died B.dead C.death D.die 答案：B解析：die为不及物动词，无被动语态，其过去分词died不可作表语：dead为形容词作 表语表状态，符合“be+形容词表状态”的语法规则。 2 高中冀教版 【寒假专版】 选修3语法精讲 易错点四：过去分词作表语与动词不定式的搭配错误 讲解： “b+过去分词+不定式”结构中，不定式用主动形式表被动含义，常见于表示“计划、安排、需 要”的动词，如be scheduled to do(被安排做)、be required to do(被要求做)。 例句：The meeting is scheduled to be held tomorrow.(错误)→The meeting is scheduled to hold to- morrow.(正确，不定式主动表被动) 真题再现： 1.(2024河北沧州期中，冀教版)The sports meeting is.一to take place next Monday A.planned B.planning C.plan D.to plan 答案：A解析：“be planned to do”中planned为过去分词作表语，不定式take用主动形式表被 动含义，符合冀教版教材“过去分词+不定式”结构用法。 2.(2023河北廊坊期末，冀教版)Students are_to wear school uniforms every day. A.required B.requiring C.require D.to require 答案：A解析：“be required to do”中required为过去分词作表语，表“被要求”，不定式wear 用主动形式表被动，符合语法规范。 易错点综合演练 综合演练 I.单项选择（直击易错点） l.The water in the lake_for three days because of the cold weather.(易错点一) A.freezes B.froze C.has frozen D.has been frozen 2.She was_when she heard the一news from her family..(易错点二) A.surprised,surprising B.surprising;surprised C.surprised,surprised D.surprising;sur- prising 3.The old building_down last year and a new park stands here now.(易错点三) A.was fallen B.fell C.has fallen D.was falling 4.The meeting is一to start at9o'clock tomorrow morning.（易错点四) A.scheduling B.scheduled C.schedule D.to schedule Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化易错点区分》 1.The door._(close)for hours and nobody can enter the room now.(易错点) 高中冀教版 【寒假专版】 选修3语法精讲 2.The students felt_(excite)after watching the一(excite)movie.（易错点二) 3.The leaves一(fal)from the trees and the ground is covered with them.(易错点三) 4.All the participants are_(require)to arrive at the stadium before8a.m.(易错点四) Ⅱ.短文填空（综合运用四大易错点） 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺： Yesterday,I visited a museum with my friends.The first thing I noticed was a painting on the wall.It looked old and 1.(frighten).A guide told us it 2.(paint)in the 17th century and 3.(keep)in the museum for over 100 years.My friend Lucy was 4.(interest)in it and asked many questions.The guide said the painting 5.-(schedule)to be moved to anew exhibition hall next month.On our way out, we saw some workers.They said the old windows 6.(break)by strong winds last night and would be repaired soon IV.连词成句（聚焦易错句式） 1.closed,the,shop,has,since,week,last,been,()(易错点一) 2.the,movie,boring,was,I,felt,so,()(易错点二) 3.has,the,risen,sun,already,.()(易错点三) 4.be,the,to,paty,is,hold,next,Saturday,planned,()(易错点四) 参考答案 I单项选择 1.D 2.A 3.B 4.B Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.has been closed 2.excited;exciting 3.have fallen 4.required IIL短文填空 1.frightening 2.was painted 3.has been kept 4.interested 5.is scheduled 6.were broken V.连词成句 1.The shop has been closed since last week. 2.The movie was boring so I felt bored. 4 高中冀教版 【寒假专版】 ，选修3语法精讲 3.The sun has already risen 4.The party is planned to be held next Saturday 5